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Chen 1976 P. Chen. The Entity-Relationship-Model -- Towards a Unified View of Data. ACM Transactions on Database Systems, 1(1), March 1976. Isakowitz et al. 1995 Tomas Isakowitz, Edward A. Stohr, and P. Balasubramanian. RMM: A Methodology for Structured Hyermedia Design. Communications of the ACM, 38(8):34--44, August 1995. Markowitz & Makowsky 1990 V. M. Markowitz and J. A. Makowsky. Identifying Extended Entity-Relationship-Structures in Relational Schemas. IEEE Trans. Softw. Eng., 16(8), August 1990. Metadata 1996 Proceedings of the First IEEE Metadata Conference. April 16-18, 1996, Silverspring, Maryland (http://www.nml.org/resources/misc/metadata/proceedings/meta_home.html ). Pönighaus 1993 Richard Pönighaus. Performance-Prognosen für relationale Datenbankmanagementsysteme. PhD thesis, Vienna University of Economics and Business Administration, Vienna, Austria, 1993. Pönighaus 1995 Richard Pönighaus. Favourite SQL Statements -- An Empirical Analysis of SQL Usage in Commercial Applications. In Subhash Bhalla, editor, Informations Systems and Data Management/Lecture Notes in Computer Science, number 1006, Berlin, 1995. Springer. Premerlani &Blaha 1994 William J. Premerlani and Michael R. Blaha. An Approach for Reverse Engineering of Relational Databases. Communications of the ACM, 37(5), May 1994. Waters & Chikofsky 1994 Richard C. Waters and Elliot Chikofsky. Reverse Engineering -- Progress Along Many Dimensions. Communications of the ACM, 37(5), May 1994. Johann Mitlöhner, Richard Pönighaus, August 1996
The MARBLE 1 Project: A Collaborative Framework for Educational Courseware Design Authors: Sarah Price (sprice@icbl.hw.ac.uk), Heriot Watt University Patrick McAndrew (patrick@icbl.hw.ac.uk), Heriot Watt University Roger Rist (roger@icbl.hw.ac.uk), Heriot Watt University Terry Mayes (jtma@glasgow-caledonian.ac.uk), Glasgow Caledonian University Eric Bonharme (e.bonharme@dcs.napier.ac.uk), Napier University Ray Land (r.land@central.napier.ac.uk), Napier University Mary Cuttle (mcuttle@ed.ac.uk), University of Edinburgh Jeff Haywood (J.Haywood@ed.ac.uk), University of Edinburgh Hamish MacLeod (Hamish.Macleod@ed.ac.uk), University of Edinburgh Abstract: The MARBLE Project is a collaborative venture which provides on-line resource-based learning materials to students at three Higher Education Institutions in Scotland. As per capita funding from central government decreases without a decline in graduate quality, new methods are sought in Universities to cope with this challenge. This paper discusses the collaborative beginnings and implementation of MARBLE, and then focuses specifically on one of the ten components of the range of on-line courseware. Since one influential report into Higher Education in the early 90s claimed that “Duplication of effort is wasted effort”, we assess to what extent MARBLE’s collaborative nature causes efficiency gains and yet, crucially, still enables the student to advance in the learning process. This paper describes the MARBLE Project, which is an innovative, collaborative attempt to use the power of the Metropolitan Area Networks (MANs) in Scotland for effective courseware design and dissemination across the World Wide Web. The MANs have provided the technical motivation for MARBLE: each offers FDDI at 100 megabits per second and ATM at 155 megabits per second. The four MANs are currently linked via the high speed SuperJANET academic network, which provides internet links, and will shortly be fully interconnected. The background for the creation of MARBLE is the changing pattern of Higher Education in the UK during the last decade. In brief, the major influences for change are increases in student numbers without per capita increases in funding, along with a greater external scrutiny of the quality of teaching and learning with the expectation that graduate quality will be maintained or even improved. In an attempt to evaluate these changes and steer a way forward through this challenging situation in Higher Education, an influential report written by a committee of Scottish University Principals in 1992, concluded that: "Computer Based Learning may not offer just another approach to learning, but may, in fact, be crucial to education's ability to meet the needs of the next few years" [MacFarlane, 1992, p85] Strategies were proposed and implemented shortly thereafter which led to the creation of the MANs and to a vision of the distribution of computer-based learning materials becoming reality. MARBLE is one project which contributes to this process. The collaborative nature of the Project is also commensurate with the changed climate. Creating effective multimedia or hypertext courseware can be costly in terms of time and money; it is also extremely easy to do it badly. The notion of individual lecturers preparing their own educational software for their own immediate teaching needs has become increasingly viewed as less than ideal, given the necessity of constraining costs and avoiding duplication of effort wherever possible. MacFarlane foresaw that an "unprecedented degree of collaboration and sharing between different institutions" was required, and noted that “Duplication of effort is 1 MAN (Metropolitan Area Network) Accessible Resource Based Learning Exemplars
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Proceedings of WebNet 96— WebNet
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FULL PAPERS BRIAN BEVIRT Designing
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THIERRY LEVOIR & REMI BASTIDE SADS:
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MASAYASU AOTANI Distance education
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IAIN LANGDON Education for Changing
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PANELS M J MCALISTER, P COMER & MIS
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Designing Hypertext Navigation Tool
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Organize the Contents of Your Site
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multiple hierarchy charts have to b
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Developing Structured WWW-Sites wit
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Links refer to Templates. From the
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typing tool, which on the one hand
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and implement commercial Web-sites.
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constraints. It is important to rem
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A three-rowed "desktop" was used as
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All assignments were tracked, and s
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Figure 5: Student Information Toolb
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positive values to the course: 1. F
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2. Problem Areas We have identified
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in our system is quite large, and p
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map information for display into th
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- whether these new applications co
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4.3. The Production Phase The produ
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Requests 2500000 2000000 1500000 10
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information systems. Since late 199
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QuestWriter, which will be availabl
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Figure 1: Typical Study Approaches
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Figure 2: Feedback Loop for Questio
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educational Web page design. We hav
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Identifying and Meeting Needs of In
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Two new forms-driven templates, one
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What We Learned About Coaching Web
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Introduction The WWW as a Primary S
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Processing the Order Once users hav
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documentation, report a problem to
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VRML and the Web: A Basis for Multi
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Plate 2: Three users represented by
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Figure 2: Interfae components to ex
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Avatar Distribution Figure 3: Avata
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Introduction Tracking WWW Users: Ex
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etween subsequent requests, and an
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server not to cache that object. Ho
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[Benford et al. 1996] Benford, S.D.
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Published on the Web from the WebNe
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current state of knowledge represen
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Figure 1: Textook and Glossary wind
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Part of this work is supported by a
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Database 2. Review of Related Work
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Display Password Screen Check User
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Recently, Java has changed the way
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To meet our requirements, we have o
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Using the WebSM the creation of a q
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store its result in a variable, usi
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Table of Contents Executive Summary
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Chapter One: The Web Marketplace Gr
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4) Advertising Subsidy growing dram
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effectiveness of the ad with any on
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3) Server Performance The Web commu
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Chapter Three: Andromedia’s Aria
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3) Distributed Design Although Obje
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Aria.monitor is comprehensive with
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The Aria.recorder is also capable o
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is being used to create real-time r
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The Reporter user interface provide
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Aria.reporter takes advantage of th
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Introduction Automating Hypermedia
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Figure 3: 2: Add Course Graphic Cre
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Longevity of the HTML Course Creato
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Methodological Issues in Studying a
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4. Complexity of User Interaction:
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automatically, in a reliable and pe
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web users (i.e., scrolling list of
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the NSF EXPRES project. In [Galeghe
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Astronomy and Space Science Relevan
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surface of Pluto - assembled throug
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The Web as Process Tool and Product
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collaboratively produced report abo
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In the AIT course, key satisfaction
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Explorations: the Cornell Theory Ce
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version of Netscape 2.0 (Netscape w
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from video tape) and compromised on
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Designing a Course on the WEB : the
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charge of a training institute, we
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Another way of supporting "point to
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References [Derycke and D’Halluin
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like SGMLS or SP [Clark 95]. The WW
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MRTSpace is based on MRT, a Minimal
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2.3 Geometric and visual ‘continu
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IP Multicast messages do not work o
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came into common use. A number of e
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probably to human culture as a whol
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3D Visualization of WWW Semantic Co
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2.1 Extracting and Organizing WWW S
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mantic space comes from exploring r
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Introduction Interactive Justice Th
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presented by both public prosecutor
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A different communication mode allo
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Convergence to the Information High
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over 9 million at the beginning of
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unreliable electronic components co
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in an integrated model which has th
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Crane, D. (1972). Invisible College
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discourse does not mean that it is
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Figure 2 Communities within the lay
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The major services classified are:-
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Spears, R. and Lea, M. (1994). Pana
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presents relevant items to the user
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ProFusion's main process creates mu
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Managing Interdisciplinary Project
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influencing the study. To ensure th
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ANALYSIS The introduction of new co
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to be combined; this integration ac
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On receiving the information that a
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4.1.4 SPS-SCS delivery system This
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Aster Servers - How to make Aster m
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Another approach we have tested as
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information available on the web. W
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Project Based Learning - Global Vil
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http://www.ncsa.uiuc.edu/SDG/Softwa
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Web. It is tailored to the needs of
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Views of the Solar System - http://
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Gatherers and Brokers. The Gatherer
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(Uniform Resource Locators) are pre
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References Figure 6: Document Displ
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The RealAudio (http://www.realaudio
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For educators, this combination of
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The practical components of this pr
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typologize communication and media
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egistration pattern (in the reverse
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the Internet, in terms of informati
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Fig. 10: 3-dimensional pattern matr
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structure of the courses adheres to
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applications manage chat sessions,
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6. Evaluation Figure 4: Example
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Introduction Windows to the Univers
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Figure 1: The main navigation panel
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Our Planet Interior & Surface Atmos
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I. Introduction What is a browser?
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(1) [Baggett, Ehrenfeucht, & Guzdia
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Node display. In addition to enforc
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On-demand Multi-lingual Font Servic
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One of the advantages by using Java
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The directory can be an alias defin
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Real Audiences—Worldwide: A Case
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outstandingly successful authors re
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usually jumps over the keyboard --
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Introduction Web Conceptual Space R
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conceptual knowledge processing, kn
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and the 'Top' view for all applicat
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An Information Broker for Adaptive
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the worst case, we can make a rough
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These simple parameters significant
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[Weider 96] Weider, C. , Fullton, J
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experiments, listen to sound, run l
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The administration and management s
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Educational packages: the current i
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Embedded Interactive Concept Maps i
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eading and understanding informal c
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Every Smart Ideas document has a de
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and used an index into the HTML doc
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Introduction Building Internet-Base
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comments from others or newly assig
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Figure 3: Author profile Conclusion
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The major features are: Figure 1 Me
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Figure 3 FrameMaker requirements do
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5 Conclusions This article has pres
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On-the-Fly Web Pages Minus the HTML
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Scannell, Ted (1996). Steve Jobs In
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originator. Thus, the collaborative
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preferences, circumstances and task
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development concerns the previously
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Abstract: Aspects of Large World Wi
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Structuring data The unstructured a
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say on a LAN with a hypermedia serv
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Halasz, 1988 Halasz, F. (1988). Ref
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One of the CNES' goals is to make s
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Archived Files Start Time 1 End Tim
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HELP-EXCHANGE: An Arbitrated System
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Since the Help-Exchange system is e
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system avoids spamming since the qu
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From a Set of Technical Documents t
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“The machine that would perform t
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In the case of the link with commen
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[Glushko 89] Glushko, R. (1989). De
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• SWOOP [Hunter et al. 95] provid
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also planned for implementing this
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storage structures already establis
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Every S-collection (instance) has a
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do not map S-collections onto a glo
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The operator JOIN is applied to a c
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Internet India Suzanne McMahon Univ
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published in Bombay, includes shopp
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INDIA-E@INDNET.BGSU.EDU Economic Fo
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Instructional Materials The first c
Page 389 and 390: Reminder Robot For the Q&A section
Page 391 and 392: [Wusage 1994] Cold Spring Harbor La
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Page 395 and 396: Other ships may also appear on the
Page 397 and 398: An Intelligent Tutoring System on t
Page 399 and 400: Figure 1. Viewer Control Mechanism
Page 401 and 402: input and clickable map as the ways
Page 403 and 404: Designing Digital Libraries for Pos
Page 405 and 406: Layer HOSS allows an open set of st
Page 407 and 408: contradictory to produce a well-def
Page 409 and 410: [Chartier 1994] Chartier, R. (1994)
Page 411 and 412: much of the value on the Net “wil
Page 413 and 414: did nothing but slow down processin
Page 415 and 416: Bundling has been studied extensive
Page 417 and 418: The software industry relies on dif
Page 419 and 420: that is not accepted by society exi
Page 421 and 422: [Richardson & Radner 1996] Richards
Page 423 and 424: European Economic Area agreement. S
Page 425 and 426: Figure 2: Components of the learnin
Page 427 and 428: 5. Concluding Remarks Figure 4: The
Page 429 and 430: A Distance Education How-To Manual:
Page 431 and 432: usually required. This can take pla
Page 433 and 434: piece, or of the whole piece. A CD
Page 435 and 436: Indexes, Keys: these tables define
Page 437 and 438: following, we discuss basic types o
Page 439: long: in the music database, the co
Page 443 and 444: available, as described above, help
Page 445 and 446: Feedback and Analysis Fig 2: Extrac
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Page 449 and 450: speeds, download times, changing br
Page 451 and 452: our audience, fall into one of the
Page 453 and 454: server change. When we had our own
Page 455 and 456: Structuring and classification of d
Page 457 and 458: would not have the rights to change
Page 459 and 460: 5 Current Electronic Publications W
Page 461 and 462: WebGrid: Knowledge Elicitation and
Page 463 and 464: annotation form shown in Figure 2 t
Page 465 and 466: Figure 4 WebGrid form for rating el
Page 467 and 468: Figure 7 Main status screen of WebG
Page 469 and 470: As a final element, the realtor has
Page 471 and 472: WebGrid provides many additional fa
Page 473 and 474: Media, Multimedia and Meaningful La
Page 475 and 476: One question which arises in a disc
Page 477 and 478: about the medium. In studies in whi
Page 479 and 480: Schwerin advocates mediation as “
Page 481 and 482: The wider implications of this perc
Page 483 and 484: Internet, that quality may be seen
Page 485 and 486: The most frequently discussed probl
Page 487 and 488: 3.2 Developer viewpoint A MicroWeb
Page 489 and 490: We anticipate that the complete Mic
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Database for employment information
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Figure 1 System Structure Figure 2
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Figure 5(b) Results of Searching
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ClassNet is a CGI-Script running un
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Current Uses Dr. Doug Yarger at Iow
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Introduction Modelling Alter Egos i
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Let us further suppose that the cyb
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• NEC to indicate that the action
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for example impossible to define an
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[vdRiet 95] R.P. van de Riet, A. Ju
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or "anchors." The anchors are stori
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Figure 1: Excerpt from SMART WWWeb
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there is less dissolved oxygen in t
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CS20 will provide students with new
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EPIC : Building a Structured Learni
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expects. The EPIC exercises are emb
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interactive courses around Scotland
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This paper begins by briefly survey
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must supply such information, the s
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Building the collection The lowest
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size is bounded by the size of a st
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the choice should be. It may be tha
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Introduction Supporting Provision a
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A visual resource base comprises a
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• Web browser: It performs the se
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POSTER / DEMONSTRATION
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integration of presentations create
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Science Technology Entry Program: I
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ID Comm: Building a Virtual Communi
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Preservice Teacher Education and th
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Un Meurtre a Cinet (Un homicidio en
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The Human Brain: A Frames-based Ima
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Collaborative Learning/Teaching on
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SHORT PAPERS
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system look for email from the mail
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Converting a Large Introductory Cou
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Bringing Instructional Design Princ
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Watermarking for the HyperWave Hype
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Impact of the Introduction of Web-B
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Owen, J.M. (1993). Program Evaluati
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(d) Low cost to students (e) Easier
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Introduction Robots And The Web: An
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Figure 2. BargainBot Search Results
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Conclusions and Future Work Figure
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Introduction Active Messaging in Ja
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Acknowledgments The authors would l
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The effective development of web-ba
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telecollaboration. This work aims t
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Introduction Internet for Teachers:
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Creating Educational Webmasters: Cy
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Acknowledgments I would like to tha
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The College of Human Ecology, which
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The screen dumps below show a large
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can also open and close levels of t
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Venice and Vienna, iconographic col
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Introduction: Cyberschool - Singapo
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1. Overview US Information Superhig
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Collaborative Design: A Cognitive A
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A Web Based Decision Support System
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addition to participating in teache
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communication between students, bet
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• Exploring Libraries introduces
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Design for Web-Based Learning Phili
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The effin factor concerns the appea
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Introduction The Web is not a Distr
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WEB-EDD: Electronic Document Delive
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Walker, G. L. & Thoma, G. R. (1995)
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3. Evaluation of Link Annotation fo
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Based on the needs addressed above,
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The Presentational use of the inter
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named-thing2(thing-type (parameters
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Integrating the use of the Web into
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linking within the web page is also
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Providing Medical Education Resourc
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logons by PPP/home access, Informat
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indeed create considerable turbulen
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Introduction Homeland: An Integrate
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[Frega and Volpentesta 94] Frega N.
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Summary: Our culture often thinks o
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Implementing Engineering Education
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Reorganised by the Web: Bringing th
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content providers--collaborative te
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Table 1: Sample items from the BEM
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Health Care Information on the Web:
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Abstract Shame and War Revisited Ad
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left to do? Style sheets don't let
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In this case, the Los Alamos Nation
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Differing Cultures: Bringing Minds
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Web of Thought: Ways to Make the Wo
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On Teaching and Collaborative Devel
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I.- History Distance Education on D
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But there is much more to this pict
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in Treemaps. In contrast, the Docuv
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Figure 2: Webview The Webview is us
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Figure 3: Intradocument View showin
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Using a WWW Server to Access and Ma
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W3Client Figure 1 : The Co-Learn WW
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Avoiding Vendor Lock-in: An Open Ap
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Web Courses for Northern B.C.: Virt
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Harvesting the Internet: Creating a
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School Participation in the Co-Deve
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a basic framework for adopting tech
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COMMUNITY WEB PROJECTS TO SUPPORT H
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Overview: Automatically Generated W
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Introduction Computer Aided Informa
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[Bloomfield 1994] Bloomfield, H. (1
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A Generic Learning Platform: From t
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etween Moscow and Western Europe, S
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Creating A Presence On The World Wi
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References [Hill 1993] Hill, Terry
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many of the students likewise had f
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DeRose, Steven and Durand, David, M
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{1} http://www.gfz-potsdam.de/drz/g
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significantly different. Analysis f
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3. The Web Based Solution Most CBT
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A Virtual Campus on the World Wide
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A unified NBCC-wide (and hopefully
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Start Your Search Engines! Authenti
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Observations on Web-Based Course De
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espond to at least four other discu
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examples of the many good discussio
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instructor intervention (to prevent
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Using the World Wide Web To Creativ
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In summary, the goals of the PTK ar
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like SGMLS or SP [Clark 95]. The WW
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All relevant information and links
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Introducation A Virtual Classroom i
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Introduction Put Your Experience on
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Domeshek, E.A. & Kolodner, J.L. 199
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• provide IP address • provide
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Incorporating World Wide Web techno
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1 Introduction Non-Invasive Improve
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The first author acknowledges CNPq
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order to make the students feel tha
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World Band: K-12 Music Education on
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PITS (Populated Information Terrain
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The big central landmark VRML Some
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SEEWeb - An Internet Solution Steve
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Archive.edu: A Storehouse of Classr
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[O’Haver 1995] O’Haver, M. (199
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Module Three The third module explo
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The development of a new journal ne
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Implementation The tool is a Web-ba
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Providing Real Time Instruction on
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first was a single free text field
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the project as contributors of stud
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knowledge-acquisition have to be ac
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instead of contributing a lengthy r
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1. Introduction WWW3D: A 3D Multi-U
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6. Summary In this paper we have de
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collaborative programs. At the same
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and continued challenges of the pas
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In order to cater for the this latt
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Some lectures have pre-lecture assi
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Some Issues. T. of Japanese Society
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MENTOR: Internet Search Advisor and
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acquisition to be followed.- Repres
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Web in order to supplement the main
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When installed at the user end, stu
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These and other lessons learned hav
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some other details about the enviro
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Interactive Teaching Material for t
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The applet is organised around two
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esult, the new search queries not o
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Introduction Distant Education Mate
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Information. The Internet resources
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1 Introduction The Virtual Universi
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on-line, an audio and/or video conn
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Finally, if you are preparing lesso
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The user accessing the database (at
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Figure 2: The HTML page of Esther,
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PANEL
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TUTORIALS
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Table of Contents 1 INTRODUCTION 1
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specifications like the Initial Gra
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Low end digital cameras do not at a
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To display images correctly the gam
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• PCD: Photo Compact Disc. Kodak.
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3.1 Database Types There are differ
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There are a lot of (hierarchical) k
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the user. The drawback of dynamic c
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types. These are used to restrict t
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-18-
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If you would like to modify the app
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4.4 Database versus Information Ret
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HARVEST [29,30] is a more complicat
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• Access speed: 10% with 9,6 Kbit
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17. Proceedings of the 3rd Internat
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50. Poynton CA. Frequently Asked Qu
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