canopy management in fruit crops - Department of Agriculture & Co ...
canopy management in fruit crops - Department of Agriculture & Co ...
canopy management in fruit crops - Department of Agriculture & Co ...
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Prun<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> kiwi should be carried out <strong>in</strong> such a way that <strong>fruit</strong><strong>in</strong>g areas are available<br />
every year, requir<strong>in</strong>g the wood to be young. This is achieved by follow<strong>in</strong>g a 3-4 year<br />
lateral replacement system which becomes a prun<strong>in</strong>g cycle.<br />
In the beg<strong>in</strong>n<strong>in</strong>g, a lateral aris<strong>in</strong>g from ma<strong>in</strong> rod is cut back <strong>in</strong> w<strong>in</strong>ter to provide<br />
enough space for 4-5 <strong>fruit</strong><strong>in</strong>g shoots at 4-5 bud <strong>in</strong>terval between 2 such shoots.<br />
The strong uprights or shoots aris<strong>in</strong>g at undesirable po<strong>in</strong>ts are pruned <strong>in</strong> spr<strong>in</strong>g season<br />
when they have not grown too long. This is more applicable to Hayward variety, <strong>in</strong><br />
which shoots <strong>of</strong> only medium vigour bear <strong>fruit</strong>s.<br />
In others, vigorous shoots can be pulled back to horizontal position to convert them<br />
<strong>in</strong>to <strong>fruit</strong><strong>in</strong>g wood. Thus, summer prun<strong>in</strong>g constitutes <strong>in</strong> shorten<strong>in</strong>g back <strong>of</strong> <strong>fruit</strong><strong>in</strong>g<br />
arms, th<strong>in</strong>n<strong>in</strong>g out <strong>of</strong> criss cross and shad<strong>in</strong>g shoots.<br />
The secret <strong>of</strong> successful summer prun<strong>in</strong>g is <strong>in</strong> the selection and encouragement <strong>of</strong><br />
correct laterals to bear <strong>fruit</strong>s <strong>in</strong> the next year and expose v<strong>in</strong>e to sunlight.<br />
In dormant prun<strong>in</strong>g, the <strong>fruit</strong><strong>in</strong>g lateral is cut back to 2 vegetative buds beyond the last<br />
<strong>fruit</strong>. In second year, these vegetative buds produce <strong>fruit</strong><strong>in</strong>g shoots which are pruned<br />
aga<strong>in</strong>.<br />
The arms on the lateral shoots are allowed to <strong>fruit</strong> dur<strong>in</strong>g third or fourth year. After<br />
this, the laterals are removed from the ma<strong>in</strong> branches, while other laterals are selected<br />
and pruned accord<strong>in</strong>gly, so that the balance between vegetative and reproductive<br />
growth is ma<strong>in</strong>ta<strong>in</strong>ed for cont<strong>in</strong>uity <strong>in</strong> <strong>fruit</strong> production.<br />
Canopy Management <strong>in</strong> Fruit Crops