canopy management in fruit crops - Department of Agriculture & Co ...

More documents

Recommendations

Info

34 Cocoa Cocoa plants start to develop the first jorquette when they are 14 months old. It is, therefore, necessary to regulate the canopy size and shape of plants so that the main crop is not affected. • • • • • • It is desirable to restrict the jorquetting height to 1.0-1.5 m under the intercropping by nipping the fan branches arising at lower level and only one chupon shoot may be allowed to grow up and jorquette. There should be only one main chupon stem and additional chupons arise from the main chupon are to be removed periodically. Vertical growth of the plant is to be restricted to a single tier system. However, a second tier may be allowed to develop, if the first tier is damaged. Further, extension of vertical growth can be restricted by removing chupons that develop from below the jorquette and this process has to be continued as the normal tendency of the plant is to put forth new chupons. The drooping fan branches may be cut off at a suitable distance from the jorquette once a year preferably when the crop load is low. The preferred time of pruning would be July-August and December-January. Quality pods develop on pruned trees Canopy Management in Fruit Crops • Centering as a part of pruning is also recommended. This involves removal of all lateral fan branches that arise on the fans to a distance of 30-50 cm around the jorquette. This allows entry of sunlight on the main stem and around it. It is beneficial for enhancing flowering on the main stem. Sanitary Pruning • Diseased or unwanted branches with vascular die back and water shoots are removed to maintain the health and vigour of trees. It includes removing all unnecessary chupons, dead branches, epiphytes, climbing plants, ant nests, rodent damaged and over ripe pods. Initial training for better shape
Custard apple Custard apple requires more corrective pruning. Initially, it is essential to develop a good growth and better yield over a long period of time. Without pruning, its plants become bushy and their bearing efficiency comes down. Severe pruning is detrimental for the plant growth. Yellowing of leaves starts as the harvesting season of the fruits ends. The leaves begin to drop with the onset of winter and fresh growth occurs in spring. Flowering occurs singly or, rarely, in small clusters mostly on current season’s growth and, occasionally, on old wood. Training to a single stem is the only option when rootstock is employed. • • • • Young plants need training for the development of framework. Keep the main stem clean up to 50-60 cm height from the ground level. Timely removal of misplaced limbs is necessary to build a strong framework. Four to five scaffold branches with wide crotch angle are encouraged to grow in different directions during early years of orchard establishment. Pruning during March-April is done to encourage new growth on which flower buds are generally formed. Tree height is generally maintained up to 3 m. Pruning is also done to remove dead wood and old branches which bear fewer fruits. Properly trained plants develop into a good framework Canopy Management in Fruit Crops 35
Page 1 and 2: CANOPY MANAGEMENT IN FRUIT CROPS DR
Page 3 and 4: Contents Foreword .................
Page 5 and 6: Vh- uUn dqekj] vkbZ-,-,llfpo T. Nan
Page 7 and 8: xksj[k flag ckxokuh vk;qDr Gorakh S
Page 9 and 10: Introduction Canopy management is o
Page 11 and 12: Principles of Canopy Management Can
Page 13 and 14: Almond In many physiological charac
Page 15 and 16: • Before rejuvenation pruning, br
Page 17 and 18: Apple The plants are trained accord
Page 19 and 20: • • • To check excessive vigo
Page 21 and 22: Apricot Apricot fruits are produced
Page 23 and 24: Avocado Young avocado trees should
Page 25 and 26: Banana In most banana growing regio
Page 27 and 28: • • • • narrow crotches are
Page 29 and 30: Cashew Canopy in cashew, a fast gro
Page 31 and 32: • The yield of bush pruned plants
Page 33 and 34: • If plants are properly protecte
Page 35 and 36: Cherry Cherry plants require more c
Page 37 and 38: Grapefruit The grapefruit plants ar
Page 39 and 40: Pruning Tips • Pruning should be
Page 41: Sweet Orange Sweet orange trees are
Page 45 and 46: Fig Fig plants require annual pruni
Page 47 and 48: Grape Canopy of grapevine includes
Page 49 and 50: • • • than the requirement. H
Page 51 and 52: Establishing Meadow Orchard • In
Page 53 and 54: • • • The multiple shoots dev
Page 55 and 56: Jamun Jamun plants need to be train
Page 57 and 58: • • • • • • To achieve
Page 59 and 60: Litchi Management of optimum statur
Page 61 and 62: • growth around the bottom of tru
Page 63 and 64: Mango Tree canopy management, espec
Page 65 and 66: • • • • During removal of b
Page 67 and 68: • • • could cause significant
Page 69 and 70: • • • • • Young non beari
Page 71 and 72: Peach Peach fruit is mainly borne o
Page 73 and 74: Pear Proper training and pruning of
Page 75 and 76: Persimmon Persimmon plants are trai
Page 77 and 78: Plum Plum plants are slower than th
Page 79 and 80: Pomegranate Pomegranate has wide ra
Page 81 and 82: Sapota Sapota being an evergreen tr
Page 83 and 84: Walnut Modified central leader syst

canopy management in fruit crops - Department of Agriculture & Co ...

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?