canopy management in fruit crops - Department of Agriculture & Co ...

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• • • • 12 Strong growing shoots towards the top of the tree should be removed completely. Renewal pruning of the fruiting branches should be carried out each year to maintain vegetative growth and fruit quality in lower parts of the tree. The branches causing shade to other lower branches should be removed or headed back. In thinning out of branches to main stem, a stub should be left to encourage the regrowth of moderately vigorous fruitful bud. Avoid removing too many branches to get potential fruit yield. The main branches which have lost the vigour can be stimulated by pruning. Worn out wood of heavy cropping varieties should be removed periodically. Precautions during pruning time • • • When a limb larger than 3cm in diameter is removed, the pruning cut should be made as close as possible to the branch from which the limb arises without leaving a stub. Large pruning wounds should be protected with Bordeaux paste or Chaubattia paste to check the entry of rot causing fungi. In 1 or 2 year old shoots, heading back can be done to promote growth of side shoots and quick wound healing. In 3 year old and older shoots, pruning should be shifted to thinning out cuts to reduce vegetative growth and promote fruiting. • The competing branches are thinned out rather than headed back. Canopy Management in Fruit Crops
Apricot Apricot fruits are produced on lateral buds on short growth as well as on long shoots. The bearing habit is more or less like that of plum or sour cherry. The fruit buds are usually formed on all nodes from base to tip of the shoot. At the base, each node contains two to three buds but towards the apex only one bud is present at each node. However, it has been observed that the spurs of apricots are more short lived than those of plums. They usually live for 2-3 seasons only. Therefore, this necessitates a slightly more severe pruning so as to have quick replacements for the old spurs. The standard apricot trees are trained to modified leader system. The branches in apricots sometimes become too long and cylindrical which need to be properly pruned so as to have the minimum unbranched area. The pruning should be so regulated as to have 30 - 75 cm extension growth in young plants and 25 - 35 cm Better fruiting after pruning in old plants. This will keep the tree in a proper balance. • • At the time of planting, one year old whip is headed back at 60-70cm above the ground and 3-5 well spaced shoots are allowed to grow in all directions. Pruning is more important in first dormant season because the framework developed in this period gives ultimate shape to the tree. In first dormant season, 3-5 primary scaffold branches arising at proper angles (45 degree), well spaced (10-15cm apart) and spirally arranged around the tree trunk are selected. A properly trained plant Canopy Management in Fruit Crops 13
Page 1 and 2: CANOPY MANAGEMENT IN FRUIT CROPS DR
Page 3 and 4: Contents Foreword .................
Page 5 and 6: Vh- uUn dqekj] vkbZ-,-,llfpo T. Nan
Page 7 and 8: xksj[k flag ckxokuh vk;qDr Gorakh S
Page 9 and 10: Introduction Canopy management is o
Page 11 and 12: Principles of Canopy Management Can
Page 13 and 14: Almond In many physiological charac
Page 15 and 16: • Before rejuvenation pruning, br
Page 17 and 18: Apple The plants are trained accord
Page 19: • • • To check excessive vigo
Page 23 and 24: Avocado Young avocado trees should
Page 25 and 26: Banana In most banana growing regio
Page 27 and 28: • • • • narrow crotches are
Page 29 and 30: Cashew Canopy in cashew, a fast gro
Page 31 and 32: • The yield of bush pruned plants
Page 33 and 34: • If plants are properly protecte
Page 35 and 36: Cherry Cherry plants require more c
Page 37 and 38: Grapefruit The grapefruit plants ar
Page 39 and 40: Pruning Tips • Pruning should be
Page 41 and 42: Sweet Orange Sweet orange trees are
Page 43 and 44: Custard apple Custard apple require
Page 45 and 46: Fig Fig plants require annual pruni
Page 47 and 48: Grape Canopy of grapevine includes
Page 49 and 50: • • • than the requirement. H
Page 51 and 52: Establishing Meadow Orchard • In
Page 53 and 54: • • • The multiple shoots dev
Page 55 and 56: Jamun Jamun plants need to be train
Page 57 and 58: • • • • • • To achieve
Page 59 and 60: Litchi Management of optimum statur
Page 61 and 62: • growth around the bottom of tru
Page 63 and 64: Mango Tree canopy management, espec
Page 65 and 66: • • • • During removal of b
Page 67 and 68: • • • could cause significant
Page 69 and 70: • • • • • Young non beari
Page 71 and 72:
Peach Peach fruit is mainly borne o
Page 73 and 74:
Pear Proper training and pruning of
Page 75 and 76:
Persimmon Persimmon plants are trai
Page 77 and 78:
Plum Plum plants are slower than th
Page 79 and 80:
Pomegranate Pomegranate has wide ra
Page 81 and 82:
Sapota Sapota being an evergreen tr
Page 83 and 84:
Walnut Modified central leader syst
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