canopy management in fruit crops - Department of Agriculture & Co ...

Medium Young Vines
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The vines after re cut come under this category. The re cut in grafted vines is taken
during February for framework development. The new growth arising after re cut is
then trained on bamboo to form the trunk as it is followed in new plants.
In this process, the growing shoots are cut back at the first wire and the side shoots
arising are tied with the help of a jute rope to get upward growth and straight trunk.
This helps in formation of appropriate number of cordons on a vine that bear the
shoots which are more efficient in photosynthetic activity.
The cordons or arms of grapevine extend from the trunk are the part from where
additional arms, and eventually leaves and grape clusters extend. The cordons are
usually trained along wires as part of trellis system.
Mature Vines
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The mature vines have
permanent framework of stem
(trunk), primary arms and
secondary arms (cordons). The
stem of grapevine extending
from cordon is called shoot
and this part is pruned twice
in a year, i.e. March – April
and September – October for
vegetative growth and fruiting,
respectively, in tropical region.
Canopy management in this
type of vines starts from back
pruning where mature shoots are pruned, leaving 1 or 2 buds on it. After back pruning,
major cultural operations are followed for increasing the rate of photosynthetic vine
and its fruitfulness. Shoot thinning, shoot pinching and spraying of growth retardant
are followed in grape vineyard. This helps in increasing the efficiency of a vine and also
in increasing the yield. This helps in increasing the efficiency of vine in storing the food
material in the form of carbohydrates in canes, cordons and trunk.
The shoots arising from sprouted buds after back pruning are, by and large, more
Canopy Management in Fruit Crops
Pruning in mature grape vines