“MONSTROUS AND ILLEGAL PROCEEDINGS”: LAW ...
“MONSTROUS AND ILLEGAL PROCEEDINGS”: LAW ... “MONSTROUS AND ILLEGAL PROCEEDINGS”: LAW ...
Canabarro did not limit his activities strictly to commercial transactions either. As we will see more fully in the following chapter, Canabarro also frequently used his military position to protect his allies’ claims to fugitive slaves. For example, Canabarro intervened on multiple occasions on behalf of José Ferreira and his brother Cypriano in their attempts to recover their alleged fugitive slaves in the Uruguayan courts. In the case of Fermin Ferreira, this led to a sharp conflict with José’s brother, Joaquim. Joaquim in turn had commercial connections with the Ribeiros in Brazil and important colorados like Agustín Sañudo in Salto. Their clash over the rights to Fermin exacerbated factional tensions in both Alegrete and Salto. 162 In other cases, however, events went smoother. Canabarro secured Uruguayan assistance in the capture of another fugitive slave, José Pedro, for Cypriano in 1861. 163 In addition to his influence in protecting his allies’ property in persons, Canabarro worked to make his presence felt by conducting frequent, small-scale incursions across the border in order to capture deserters and ensure the peace. 164 Through these steps, Canabarro could communicate his willingness to offer protection for the property and commercial rights of his political allies across the border. Canabarro’s actions did not go unnoticed in Uruguay either. Blanco officials in Tacuarembó loudly complained that Canabarro was interfering with the Republic’s ability to administer justice over its own territories. A frustrated Tristan Azambuya, Tacuarembó’s political head, wrote to the government in Montevideo regarding Canabarro’s activities. In his letter, he complained that a number of Brazilian landowners “had sent claims to 162 José da Asumpção Pereyra, subdito Brasilero y apoderado general de su madre Dn. Bernadina Maria Pereyra, residente en la Probincia de Rio Grande al Gefe Político Dn. Diego Lamas, AGN. Salto. Jefatura (1856). 163 Causa del moreno José Pedro (esclavo huido), AGN. Salto. Jefatura (1861). 164 Ministro de gobierno al Sor. Gefe Politico del Dept. del Salto, AGN. Salto. Jefatura (August 5, 1859). 224
Brigadier Don David Canavarro . . . that he has then recognized based solely on the simple word of his compatriots.” 165 Azambuya noted that his own actions against many of the Brazilian landowners “had been affected in response to orders authorized and sent by the superior tribunals in [Montevideo].” He labored only to follow “judicial orders” and ensure “public order” in the countryside. Canabarro’s repeated interventions threatened the “degeneration of justice on the part of the courts” in the Republic. 166 Blanco officials were equally alarmed by the potential for these interventions to produce violent factional clashes between themselves and their colorado rivals. The dispute between Manuel Vicente Ylla and Bernardino Alves Nogueira Jubim offers a good example of how Canabarro’s efforts to secure property for his allies across the border produced spasms of violence throughout the Uruguayan borderlands. The initial conflict began in 1857 when Jubim took title to a tract of land located near the Brazilian border around Santana do Livramento. Jubim originally received the land from Manuel Ferreira Bica. Bica was one of Jubim’s commercial partners. 167 Bica in turn possessed close personal and commercial ties not only to the Ribeiros, but prominent members of the colorado faction in and around Salto. Bica and Canabarro also harbored deep personal animosities against one another dating to the Farrapos War when Bica effectively refused to serve under Canabarro’s command. 168 165 Uruguay, Documentos Oficiales, 33-34. 166 Ibid. 167 AGPC. Fondo Mantilla. Archivo Valdéz, v. 18, Antonio Luis al Joaquin Madariaga (October 14, 1847); Testimonio del Testamento de D. Manuel Fereira Bica, AGN-SJ. Salto. Letrados Civil, No. 11 (1876), 8bis. 168 In 1844, Canabarro stopped just short of accusing Bica of treason when he requested a discharge from the army as a result of his ill-health. Canabarro wrote that he had “to observe that those officials seeking a discharge during the current crisis lack the patriotism necessary to animate them, such as Tenente Manuel Ferreira Bica, a boy, with illnesses, that could continue to serve.” CV-3385 (March 23, 1844). 225
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Canabarro did not limit his activities strictly to commercial transactions either. As<br />
we will see more fully in the following chapter, Canabarro also frequently used his military<br />
position to protect his allies’ claims to fugitive slaves. For example, Canabarro intervened<br />
on multiple occasions on behalf of José Ferreira and his brother Cypriano in their attempts<br />
to recover their alleged fugitive slaves in the Uruguayan courts. In the case of Fermin<br />
Ferreira, this led to a sharp conflict with José’s brother, Joaquim. Joaquim in turn had<br />
commercial connections with the Ribeiros in Brazil and important colorados like Agustín<br />
Sañudo in Salto. Their clash over the rights to Fermin exacerbated factional tensions in both<br />
Alegrete and Salto. 162 In other cases, however, events went smoother. Canabarro secured<br />
Uruguayan assistance in the capture of another fugitive slave, José Pedro, for Cypriano in<br />
1861. 163 In addition to his influence in protecting his allies’ property in persons, Canabarro<br />
worked to make his presence felt by conducting frequent, small-scale incursions across the<br />
border in order to capture deserters and ensure the peace. 164 Through these steps,<br />
Canabarro could communicate his willingness to offer protection for the property and<br />
commercial rights of his political allies across the border.<br />
Canabarro’s actions did not go unnoticed in Uruguay either. Blanco officials in<br />
Tacuarembó loudly complained that Canabarro was interfering with the Republic’s ability to<br />
administer justice over its own territories. A frustrated Tristan Azambuya, Tacuarembó’s<br />
political head, wrote to the government in Montevideo regarding Canabarro’s activities. In<br />
his letter, he complained that a number of Brazilian landowners “had sent claims to<br />
<br />
162 José da Asumpção Pereyra, subdito Brasilero y apoderado general de su madre Dn. Bernadina<br />
Maria Pereyra, residente en la Probincia de Rio Grande al Gefe Político Dn. Diego Lamas, AGN. Salto.<br />
Jefatura (1856).<br />
163 Causa del moreno José Pedro (esclavo huido), AGN. Salto. Jefatura (1861).<br />
164 Ministro de gobierno al Sor. Gefe Politico del Dept. del Salto, AGN. Salto. Jefatura (August 5,<br />
1859).<br />
224 <br />
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