“MONSTROUS AND ILLEGAL PROCEEDINGS”: LAW ...

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legalities prevented political equipoise in the 1850s from taking hold. Law and violence remained entangled together. At the same time, these factional conflicts to control borderlands courthouses and with it the ability to define property rights and personal reputations began to open up spaces for regional and national leaders to secure bases for their own authority. The intersection between highly localized legal struggles and the deeply interconnected nature of borderlands trading and landowning chains amplified the stakes in disputes over borderlands legalities. The next chapter turns to the ebb and flow of these conflicts over private law and national sovereignty.   200   
CHAPTER 5 POLITICAL POWER <strong>AND</strong> PROPERTY RIGHTS SHARP FACTIONAL CONFLICTS OVER THE ADMINISTRATION OF JUSTICE DEFINED the political life of important borderlands towns like Alegrete and Salto throughout the 1850s and early 1860s. In each location, borderlands courts served as critical arenas in which local rivals could publicly express commercial and political associations. They were also centers for renewed factional violence. Control of the local courthouse marked a faction’s dominance in a given forum. It also highlighted the centrality of the law in the borderlands for shaping a host of political and economic relationships. The familiar local institutions and practices making up the system of borderlands legalities provided a vital source of order for borderlands inhabitants in a tumultuous world. Litigation over property rights was a central front in these struggles in and around courthouses throughout the borderlands. Questions over the scope of these rights involved the public expression of personal status and factional power. The assertion of private law rights went to issues at the very heart of borderlands legalities. In each local forum, litigation over property played an important role in two ways. First, litigation offered a mechanism to attack the property claims of factional enemies. Legal challenges to ownership could potentially erode a rival faction’s economic power. This in turn weakened the ability of opponents to leverage their personal reputations to secure other legal rights. Second, the power to define property rights offered elites like the Ribeiros, Canabarro and others an important resource. Defending property claims provided a mechanism to crystallize reciprocal relationships that were vital to commerce. Securing allies in this fashion then fed back into local legal conflicts by broadening the ranks of vecinos that could offer evidence in other legal proceedings. Through their testimony, these witnesses could further bolster a   201   
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“MONSTROUS AND ILLEGAL PROCEEDING
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ABSTRACT This dissertation explores
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TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT iii ACKN
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Like the wandering
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Upon returning to the United States
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INTRODUCTION IN EARLY 1828, A FRENC
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Juan Manuel de Rosas and Facundo Qu
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By moving between stories of law an
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in the continental interior. They d
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the fluid character of borderlands
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and geographic conceptions. Extendi
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local legal norms and practices in
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that has greatly expanded the space
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along rivertine trading corridors.
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strains articulated by men like Art
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Bringing the courts back into the s
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of borderlands leaders to negotiate
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Removing the old colonial order, ho
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the city remained a sparsely popula
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smugglers and other imperial outlaw
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Imperial Collapse and Fragmentation
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ivers, deserts and a few vagrant an
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defend its possessions, peninsular
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They requested that the Junta appoi
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manufactured products for the Andea
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The Paraguayan government proposed
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Montevideo in January of 1811, he i
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Ríos. From there, he continued to
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easoning. 25 They had rejected the
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military headquarters along the ban
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sovereignty rooted in borderlands p
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Artigas’ defeat did not spell the
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economy. By 1822, the powerful merc
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universal laws that would further r
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Pedro abdicated the throne in 1831,
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CHAPTER 2 THE (RE)EMERGENCE OF BORD
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operate throughout the borderlands
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and staple exports instead of the o
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Ríos in particular witnessed a dra
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goods as far north as the cities of
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simmering struggles. By 1840, local
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merchants, traders and landowners.
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earning the faction’s colorado ti
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Guarch’s deal with Carvalho revea
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web of reciprocal relationships tha
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the border in Brazil. In this way,
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In short, over the course of a deca
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that he had employed to first arran
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opposite direction from Porto Alegr
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Pinto sought to have the property d
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dealings with Vázquez and the Carv
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Ríos or by ship to Montero’s out
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alliances with the blancos to open
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connections up and down the river t
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With his money now in limbo and his
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honorable merchant. His associates
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meant more than establishing a docu
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Uruguaiana and Salto. 80 Chaves and
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complex laws “that they only unde
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were considered suspect, particular
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status. Public recognition of one
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They reasoned that “one has to re
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unanimous and respected testimony o
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powerful figures like Urquiza, depe
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CHAPTER 3 SOVEREIGN CONFLICTS THE R
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conflicts between peripheral ranche
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further agreed to provide payments
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Sosa almost immediately responded.
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funds, the imperial government took
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Throughout the early 1830s, the Uru
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Fernandes Braga, the provincial pre
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Frustrated by the lack of progress,
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cataloguing illegal property confis
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also provided prominent local elite
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As the 1850s dawned, the persistent
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traffic along the Uruguay. Rosas fi
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would order, they intend to be resp
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economic and political relationship
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fed back into broader political dis
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Page 163 and 164: Brazilian officials opened secret n
Page 165 and 166: The 1855 occupation reinvigorated e
Page 167 and 168: end political violence in the inter
Page 169 and 170: important) but also dealt with defi
Page 171 and 172: Ribeiros, Prado Lima possessed land
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Page 179 and 180: men. They were capable of protectin
Page 181 and 182: Nolasco and Vianna responded that t
Page 183 and 184: in 1834. Joaquim dos Santos Prado L
Page 185 and 186: Vital de Oliveira, securing his ele
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Page 189 and 190: military control. By engaging in th
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Page 193 and 194: mattered greatly to their own power
Page 195 and 196: the parties and the public, with ea
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Page 199 and 200: Tristani then attempted to attack h
Page 201 and 202: litigation in Alegrete, questions o
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Page 205 and 206: his wife. He claimed that she “wa
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Page 217 and 218: Paulo, Sá Brito was one of the few
Page 219 and 220: Teixeira claimed that Prado Lima ha
Page 221 and 222: the trial court’s judgment. The c
Page 223 and 224: lands in question in 1833. The cour
Page 225 and 226: The appearance of testimony by Prad
Page 227 and 228: of cattle from the da Silva’s lan
Page 229 and 230: [Lima] contracted with an untrained
Page 231 and 232: that department, Colonel Diego Lama
Page 233 and 234: vizinho” in Alegrete’s courts o
Page 235 and 236: Brigadier Don David Canavarro . . .
Page 237 and 238: assistance, Garces won her case aga
Page 239 and 240: Brazil. Berro ended a decade of fre
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Page 243 and 244: Urquiza’s efforts to placate his
Page 245 and 246: and elites now supported Urquiza’
Page 247 and 248: province within the national framew
Page 249 and 250: porteño cavalry at Cepeda and Pav
Page 251 and 252: The correntino merchants responded
Page 253 and 254: assembling witnesses (in this case,
Page 255 and 256: etween himself and Abendaño, howev
Page 257 and 258: complete the exchange, however, Bic
Page 259 and 260: side sought to dictate the distribu
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Bica had used commercial and politi
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The incident also revealed how impe
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positioned the Ribeiro faction to g
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Borderlands inhabitants in the earl
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neatly encapsulated the ongoing con
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for Brazilian ranchers. In the best
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anchers operating throughout the bo
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Brazilian slave laws followed them
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familial connections on the Brazili
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defined their respective places in
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supply his troops. 26 By the time o
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Brazilian masters that resulted in
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pursue further rights. They would p
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in the Estado Oriental. At the hear
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was also a personal enemy of Canaba
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part of a broader narrative of conf
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anything, Orientales.” 56 Gomez
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anchers, like that of local Uruguay
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“complete proof of oriental natio
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Uruguayan notaries. These included
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Republic over issues of rivertine t
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his cattle in 1858. 79 Recall also
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of warfare in the borderlands furth
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In effect, he hoped to exchange loy
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guarantee their commercial relation
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governments in Montevideo and Brazi
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nineteen in the provincial militia
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authority to contain the more radic
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captured the city of Corrientes. To
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Urquiza struggled to reorganize his
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attle in March of 1870. 29 By the e
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The national government sent an “
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the reciprocal trading relationship
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splintered into “traditional” a
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country’s ranching elites. In res
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these absurd and unwarranted charge
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protect “the development of those
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police forces to better protect cat
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conspiracies, the steady stream of
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matter was overblown and that repor
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CHAPTER 8 NEGOTIATING NATIONS ALTHO
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Local Legal Practices and National
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pointed link between the “honor
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personal interests, Guarch’s fact
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Guarch first sought to tip the scal
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following the order designated by t
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history in 1877. 24 Salto’s first
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twenty-five peso fine. 29 Leal prom
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serves?” 36 He continued: “Does
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abuses “no doubt flowed from the
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political allegiances. Within the f
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Operating within this relationship,
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By the dawn of the 1880s, national
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ejected this evidence, however, fin
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with his son-in-law Alexander da Cr
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not only to affirm these local find
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olster the positions of important l
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CONCLUSION IN 1887, THE GREAT URUGU
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elationships and secure local court
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economies to the forces of global c
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ARGENTINA ARCHIVES CONSULTED BIBLIO
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PUBLISHED PRIMARY AND SECONDARY MAT
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Cárcano, Ramón J. Guerra del Para
Page 387 and 388:
Flores, Mariana Flores da Cunha Tho
Page 389 and 390:
Lasso, Marixa. Myths of Harmony: Ra
Page 391 and 392:
Piccolo, Helga I. L. "A Política R
Page 393 and 394:
Schultz, Kirsten. Tropical Versaill
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