Chap 26

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$MATH 219 - Differential Equations Quiz 3 Name Solutions Date ...$

222 CHAPTER 10 2. The Fed’s goals are to keep inflation in check, maintain full employment, moderate the business cycle, and contribute toward achieving long-term growth. 3. In pursuit of its goals, the Fed pays close attention to interest rates and sets a target that is consistent with its goals for the federal funds rate, which is the interest rate that the banks charge each other on overnight loans of reserves. C. The Structure of the Fed 1. The key elements in the structure of the Fed are the Board of Governors, the regional Federal Reserve banks, and the Federal Open Market Committee. 2. The Board of Governors has seven members appointed by the president of the United States and confirmed by the Senate. Board terms are for 14 years and overlap so that one position becomes vacant every 2 years. The president appoints one member to a (renewable) fouryear term as chairman. 3. Each of the 12 Federal Reserve Regional Banks has a nine-person board of directors and a president. Figure 10.3 shows the regions of the Federal Reserve System. 4. The Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) is the main policy-making group of the Federal Reserve System. It consists of the members of the Board of Governors, the president of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, and the 11 presidents of other regional Federal Reserve banks of whom, on a rotating basis, 4 are voting members. The FOMC meets every six weeks to formulate monetary policy.
MONEY, BANKS, AND THE FEDERAL RESERVE 223 5. Figure 10.4 summarizes the Fed’s structure and policy tools. D. The Fed’s Power Center 1. In practice, the chairman of the Board of Governors (since 1987 Alan Greenspan) is the center of power in the Fed. 2. The chairman controls the agenda of the Board, has better contact with the Fed’s staff, and is the Fed’s spokesperson and point of contact with the federal government and with foreign central banks and governments. E. The Fed’s Policy Tools 1. The Fed uses three monetary policy tools: the required reserve ratio, the discount rate, and open market operations. a) The Fed sets required reserve ratios, which are the minimum percentages of deposits that depository institutions must hold as reserves. b) The discount rate is the interest rate at which the Fed stands ready to lend reserves to depository institutions. c) An open market operation is the purchase or sale of government securities—U.S. Treasury bills and bonds—by the Federal Reserve System in the open market.
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Chap 26

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