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Table 6: Results for reflective cycle 3 (DVD) Julia Fotheringham and Emily Alder Evaluating it Results Feedback from academic induction 5. Discussion 5.1 Podcasts Feedback from induction participants was positive. Comments were made about the powerful impact of hearing actual student stories. Other participants had not previously considered their role in supporting direct entry students prior to viewing the DVD. Figure 1 displays the distribution of hits on each podcast. One podcast, ‘What is a PDT?’, received nearly 5 times as many hits as the next most popular. We speculate this may have been caused by the acronym and the podcast’s title being posed in the form of a question. If so, this may point to the importance of demystifying jargon such as PDT (personal development tutor). The other podcasts average 38 hits. Allowing for the uncertainty over how many users were students, this may suggest the need of more active and directed promotion of the podcasts to the target group in the future. As noted in Table 4, the lack of qualitative data from students means we are unable to analyse how and why students (if indeed they were students) accessed the podcasts, whether or not they subscribed to the whole series, why there was such a variation in the number of hits on each podcast (from 13 to 337), nor, perhaps most importantly, how valuable they found the form and content of the series. We were pleased to support colleges to host the podcasts within their own institutional virtual environments. However, given the dispersed location of the podcasts across various student portals, and the anonymity of the College2uni podbean site users, evaluating the usage and value of the podcast series became unachievable. 5.2 SMS The SMS project was successful in testing the bulk mailing system, which its administrators found reliable and straightforward to use. Student recruitment to the SMS system proved a challenge. Although 6 of the 9 students participating in the initiative progressed to enrol as undergraduates at Edinburgh Napier University, the sample size is too small to draw any conclusions about its impact. Students were required to register their mobile number by sending a text message to the system, but very few students actually took this step despite having expressed interest in taking part. As a result, opportunities to assess the impact of the SMS support in 2010/11 were limited. Consequently, in preparation for 2011/12, mobile phone numbers are being collected in advance for entry by the system’s administrator. The effect of this change is immediately evident: at the time of writing (July 2011), around 80 participants have provided mobile numbers. This indicates that the success of this strand of the project is dependent not on the technology but on its management. 5.3 DVD We expected to make regular use of the DVD at academic induction, but the small numbers of new academic staff and the lack of induction events mitigated against this. However, at the start of academic session 2012/13 we expect to respond to requests from programme teams who will be using the resource in preparation for the new intake of direct entrants in September 2012. This should provide us with ongoing evaluation data. 6. Conclusions In the Message of Support project, the use of podcasts made the voice and experience of existing students readily and widely available online to all, circumventing the restrictions of access often associated with institutional logins.. The podcasts and SMS messages can also promote a sense of belonging and connectivity to the institution, as well as raising awareness of key topics known to present challenges to students. Student feedback has highlighted the importance of staff awareness of the articulating student experience, and the DVD promotes a wider understanding amongst academic staff of the needs of this student group. The project offers support that is consistent, inclusive, and longitudinal, spanning the college to university transition. Mobile technologies offer real advantages by making it as easy as possible for 272

Julia Fotheringham and Emily Alder students to engage on their own terms with open access resources. However, as use of open access resources grows more widespread, familiar monitoring and evaluation techniques may increasingly prove to be insufficient. In the rapidly evolving world of mobile technologies, new approaches to managing these initiatives are required to ensure that their potential for student support can be fully exploited. References Barron, P. and d’Annunzio-Green, N. (2009) ‘A smooth transition? Education and social expectations of direct entry students’, Active Learning in Higher Education, Vol. 10, No. 7, pp. 7-25. Bingham, R. and O’Hara, M. (2007) ‘Widening participation on early years degrees: “I realised I could, and would, do this – and I have!”’, Journal of Further and Higher Education, Vol. 31, No. 4, pp. 311-321. Christie, H., Tett, L., Cree, V., Hounsell, J., and McCune, V. (2008) ‘“A real rollercoaster of confidence and emotions”: learning to be a university student’, Studies in Higher Education, Vol. 33, No. 5, pp. 567-581. Cohen. L., Manion, L. & Morrison, K. (2000). Research Methods in Education, 5 th edition, Oxon: RoutledgeFalmer. Cree, V., Hounsell, J., Christie, H., McCune, V., and Tett, L. (2009) ‘From Further Education to Higher Education: Social Work Students’ Experience of Transition to an Ancient, Research-Led University’, Social Work Education, Vol. 28, No. 8, pp. 887-901. Edinburgh Napier University (2010) Survey of Mobile Technology Use at Edinburgh Napier University, unpublished. Gallacher, J. (2006) ‘Blurring the boundaries or creating diversity? The contribution of the further education colleges to higher education in Scotland’, Journal of Further and Higher Education, Vol. 30, No. 1, pp. 43- 58. Howieson, C. and Croxford, L. (2011) Students’ Experience of the Transition from HN to Degree Study. Final Report to ELRAH. University of Edinburgh. Kivlichan, N. and Chirnside, A. (2011) Students Calling Students: Trimester 1 2010/11. Final Report, Edinburgh Napier University. Kukulska, A. (2005) ‘Mobile usability and user experience’, in A. Kukulska-Hulme and J. Traxler (eds.) Mobile Learning; A Handbook for Educators and Trainers, Oxon: Routledge . Lowe, H. and Cook, A. (2003) ‘Mind the Gap: Are students prepared for higher education?’, Journal of Further and Higher Education, Vol. 27, No. 1, pp. 53-76. Lunsford, J. (2010) ‘Using handheld technologies for student support’, Journal of the Research Center for Educational Technology (RCET) Vol. 6, No.1. [online] http://www.rcetj.org/index.php/rcetj/article/view/82/181 (accessed 7th August 2011) Macaskill, K. (2010) ‘Student Evaluations of Articulation: A Guide to Institutional Practice’, Paper presented at Hitting the Ground Running Symposium, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, June. McNiff, J. and Whitehead, J. (2010) You and Your Action Research Project. Oxon: Routledge. Mentor, D. (2011) Supporting students’ connectedness via texting. Educause Quarterly Magazine, Vol. 34, No.1. [online] http://www.educause.edu/EDUCAUSE+Quarterly/EDUCAUSEQuarterlyMagazineVolum/SupportingStudent sConnectednes/225851 (accessed 5th August 2011). Norton, L. (2009) Action Research in Teaching & Learning, Oxon: Routledge. Pike, A. and Harrison, J. (2011) ‘Crossing the FE/ HE divide: the transition experience of direct entrants at Level 6’, Journal of Further and Higher Education, Vol. 35, No. 1, pp. 55-67. Reil, M. (2011) Understanding Action Research, Centre for Collaborative Action Research, [online], http://cadres.pepperdine.edu/ccar/define.html (accessed 7th August 2011). Rovai, A. (2002) Sense of community, perceived cognitive learning, and persistence in asynchronous learning networks, Internet and Higher Education, Vol. 5. pp. 319-332. Riordan, B. and Traxler, J. (2005) ‘Supporting computing students at risk using blended technologies’. Proceedings of 4th Annual Conference. Galway, Ireland: LTSN Centre for Information and Computer Science, pp. 174-175. Scottish Credit and Qualifications Framework. (2009). SCQF Handbook. [online] http://www.scqf.org.uk/Resources/ (accessed 28 July 2011). Tait, H. and Godfrey, H. (2001) ‘Enhancing the Student Experience for Direct Entrants to the Penultimate Year of Undergraduate Degree Programmes’, Journal of Further and Higher Education, Vol. 25, No. 2, pp. 259-265. Tinto, V. (1975) ‘Dropout from Higher Education: A Theoretical Synthesis of Recent Research’, Review of Educational Research, Vol. 45, pp. 89-125. Tinto, V. (2006) ‘Research and Practice of Student Retention: What next?’, Journal of College Student Retention, Vol. 8, No. 1, pp. 1-19. Traxler, J., & Kukulska-Hulme, A. (2005). ‘Evaluating Mobile Learning: Reflections on Current Practice’. Proceedings of mLearn 2005, [online], http://www.mlearn.org.za/papers-full.html (accessed June 2011) UK Council for International Student Affairs (UKCISA), ‘Best Practice Case Studies’, [online] http://www.ukcisa.org.uk/pmi/case_studies_support.php (accessed 7th August 2011) 273

Julia Fotheringham and Emily Alder<br />

students to engage on their own terms with open access resources. However, as use of open access<br />

resources grows more widespread, familiar monitoring and evaluation techniques may increasingly<br />

prove to be insufficient. In the rapidly evolving world of mobile technologies, new approaches to<br />

managing these initiatives are required to ensure that their potential for student support can be fully<br />

exploited.<br />

References<br />

Barron, P. and d’Annunzio-Green, N. (2009) ‘A smooth transition? Education and social expectations of direct<br />

entry students’, Active Learning in Higher Education, Vol. 10, No. 7, pp. 7-25.<br />

Bingham, R. and O’Hara, M. (2007) ‘Widening participation on early years degrees: “I realised I could, and would,<br />

do this – and I have!”’, Journal of Further and Higher Education, Vol. 31, No. 4, pp. 311-321.<br />

Christie, H., Tett, L., Cree, V., Hounsell, J., and McCune, V. (2008) ‘“A real rollercoaster of confidence and<br />

emotions”: <strong>learning</strong> to be a university student’, Studies in Higher Education, Vol. 33, No. 5, pp. 567-581.<br />

Cohen. L., Manion, L. & Morrison, K. (2000). Research Methods in Education, 5 th edition, Oxon:<br />

RoutledgeFalmer.<br />

Cree, V., Hounsell, J., Christie, H., McCune, V., and Tett, L. (2009) ‘From Further Education to Higher Education:<br />

Social Work Students’ Experience of Transition to an Ancient, Research-Led University’, Social Work<br />

Education, Vol. 28, No. 8, pp. 887-901.<br />

Edinburgh Napier University (2010) Survey of Mobile Technology Use at Edinburgh Napier University,<br />

unpublished.<br />

Gallacher, J. (2006) ‘Blurring the boundaries or creating diversity? The contribution of the further education<br />

colleges to higher education in Scotland’, Journal of Further and Higher Education, Vol. 30, No. 1, pp. 43-<br />

58.<br />

Howieson, C. and Croxford, L. (2011) Students’ Experience of the Transition from HN to Degree Study. Final<br />

Report to ELRAH. University of Edinburgh.<br />

Kivlichan, N. and Chirnside, A. (2011) Students Calling Students: Trimester 1 2010/11. Final Report, Edinburgh<br />

Napier University.<br />

Kukulska, A. (2005) ‘Mobile usability and user experience’, in A. Kukulska-Hulme and J. Traxler (eds.) Mobile<br />

Learning; A Handbook for Educators and Trainers, Oxon: Routledge .<br />

Lowe, H. and Cook, A. (2003) ‘Mind the Gap: Are students prepared for higher education?’, Journal of Further<br />

and Higher Education, Vol. 27, No. 1, pp. 53-76.<br />

Lunsford, J. (2010) ‘Using handheld technologies for student support’, Journal of the Research Center for<br />

Educational Technology (RCET) Vol. 6, No.1. [online]<br />

http://www.rcetj.org/index.php/rcetj/article/view/82/181 (accessed 7th August 2011)<br />

Macaskill, K. (2010) ‘Student Evaluations of Articulation: A Guide to Institutional Practice’, Paper presented at<br />

Hitting the Ground Running Symposium, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, June.<br />

McNiff, J. and Whitehead, J. (2010) You and Your Action Research Project. Oxon: Routledge.<br />

Mentor, D. (2011) Supporting students’ connectedness via texting. Educause Quarterly Magazine, Vol. 34, No.1.<br />

[online]<br />

http://www.educause.edu/EDUCAUSE+Quarterly/EDUCAUSEQuarterlyMagazineVolum/SupportingStudent<br />

sConnectednes/225851 (accessed 5th August 2011).<br />

Norton, L. (2009) Action Research in Teaching & Learning, Oxon: Routledge.<br />

Pike, A. and Harrison, J. (2011) ‘Crossing the FE/ HE divide: the transition experience of direct entrants at Level<br />

6’, Journal of Further and Higher Education, Vol. 35, No. 1, pp. 55-67.<br />

Reil, M. (2011) Understanding Action Research, Centre for Collaborative Action Research, [online],<br />

http://cadres.pepperdine.edu/ccar/define.html (accessed 7th August 2011).<br />

Rovai, A. (2002) Sense of community, perceived cognitive <strong>learning</strong>, and persistence in asynchronous <strong>learning</strong><br />

networks, Internet and Higher Education, Vol. 5. pp. 319-332.<br />

Riordan, B. and Traxler, J. (2005) ‘Supporting computing students at risk using blended technologies’.<br />

Proceedings of 4th Annual Conference. Galway, Ireland: LTSN Centre for Information and Computer<br />

Science, pp. 174-175.<br />

Scottish Credit and Qualifications Framework. (2009). SCQF Handbook. [online]<br />

http://www.scqf.org.uk/Resources/ (accessed 28 July 2011).<br />

Tait, H. and Godfrey, H. (2001) ‘Enhancing the Student Experience for Direct Entrants to the Penultimate Year of<br />

Undergraduate Degree Programmes’, Journal of Further and Higher Education, Vol. 25, No. 2, pp. 259-265.<br />

Tinto, V. (1975) ‘Dropout from Higher Education: A Theoretical Synthesis of Recent Research’, Review of<br />

Educational Research, Vol. 45, pp. 89-125.<br />

Tinto, V. (2006) ‘Research and Practice of Student Retention: What next?’, Journal of College Student Retention,<br />

Vol. 8, No. 1, pp. 1-19.<br />

Traxler, J., & Kukulska-Hulme, A. (2005). ‘Evaluating Mobile Learning: Reflections on Current Practice’.<br />

Proceedings of mLearn 2005, [online], http://www.mlearn.org.za/papers-full.html (accessed June 2011)<br />

UK Council for International Student Affairs (UKCISA), ‘Best Practice Case Studies’, [online]<br />

http://www.ukcisa.org.uk/pmi/case_studies_support.php (accessed 7th August 2011)<br />

273

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