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tel-00827710, version 1 - 29 May 2013
wall components. NLRP3 (NALP3) responds to various stimuli as part of the recently
characterized inflammasome complex, which results in the cleavage of pro-IL-1β and pro-IL-
18 via the activation of Caspase 1.
Table 2. Diversity of RLRs, NLRs, and CLRs. ssRNA, single stranded RNA; dsRNA, double
stranded RNA; iE-DAP, dipeptide present in bacterial peptidoglycan; MDP, muramyl dipeptide.
(iv) CLRs
CLRs are transmembrane receptors that recognize carbohydrates from microorganisms
(Table 2). As an example, Dectin-1 and Dectin-2 detect β-glucans from fungi. Clec9A is the
prototypic member of this family. It is expressed on CD8α + DCs and is responsible for
recognizing necrotic cells (Takeuchi and Akira, 2010).
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