Forlong - Rivers of Life

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328 Rivers of Life, or Faiths of Man in all Lands. which he had brought with him for this purpose. Prayers were said while the ignition was in progress. All being ready, the bier was brought to the side of the pyre, and the body was divested of all covering, except a cloth around the loins, It was then lifted on to the bier, which was by this time between three and four feet high. The upright posts confined the body on either side, and prevented the possibility of its rolling off. Small blocks of sandal-wood of various lengths—from six inches to two feet —were placed lightly on the body. The deceased’s son then took a brazen vessel full of water, and carefully sprinkled a circle on the earth around the funernl pile. He next seized a brand from the sacred fire and applied it to some dried leaves or similar combustiblea placed under the pyre. That did not set fire to the pile, however, and was not intended. to be more than. a compliance with the ceremonial; the brand was red, but not blazing, and a spark or two only fell from it. The relatives were then, as is usual in such cases, led away nom the pyre by the friends around, so as to spare their feelings as much as possible. When they were taken a few yards off and their back turned to the pyre, large logs similar to those at the base were placed over the body, which now became completely concealed—all but the feet, which were left exposed either by accident or design. The friends applied matches to the sandal-wood brands, and, when they blazed up, set fire to the combustibles. Owing doubtless to the dampness of the ground, and occasional drops of rain, it was a matter of some difficulty to get the mass to burn. Cocoa-nut oil was thrown on the wood, and screens were held by men so as to regulate the draught, and after a long interval the pyre blazed up fiercely. In three hours only a handful of ashes remained.” Thus we see that in both Hindoo and Parsi rites, the ceremonies in connection with the sacred fire are nearly alike. Both are careful to kindle it in a similar manner, namely, by rubbing together two pieces of wood, or directly from the Sun. All Parsis wear the sacred thread of serpent and phallic extraction, and the investiture of this is a solemn and essential rite with both sects, showing their joint Aryan origin in high Asia, for the thread is of the very highest antiquity. The Parsi does not, however, wear his thread across the shoulder, and knows nothing of the all-but-forgotten origin of its required length. He wears it next to his skin, tied carefully round the waist, and used to tie it round his right arm, as is still the custom with some classes of Brahmans who have lost purity of caste by intermarriage with lower classes. Zoroastrian lore, says Professor Haug, was known in ancient Persia as the doctrine of the Magi, a word commonly applied to the Priests of India, Persia and Babylonia; and it was they who came from the East to worship Christ if that story can be trusted. The first mention of them in the Old Testament is in Jeremiah, 630 B.C., when they were in Nebukadnezzar’s retinue. The Rab-mag or chief of the Magi entered Jerusalem with him, 600 B.C., and at this time exercised great influence. Dr. Haug, however, considers the true Magi were foreigners, and says they must not be confounded with the indigenous Priests. These last, some writers suppose, were not

Fire Worship. worshippers of idols, but this depends very much upon what we call an “Idol;” I do not think Idol-worship has anywhere ceased to the present day. Zoroastrians, Asyrians, Persians and Jews were Sun-worshippers all through the days of the Jewish prophets, or up to the 3d century B.C., and therefore; undoubtedly more or less Phallic in cultus. Ezekiel’s god. was evidently a “burning fire-god.” His “appearance was as Fire, amber, and burning, whose smoke went up between the cherubim or Solar figures” (see fig. 76, p. 194) which overshadowed that Ark-box on which sat, we are told, “Israel’s God.” From Ezekiel 1 and Jewish tradition, we gather, that as a punishment, this Jahveh was to desolate these phallo-solar and Fire altars, because, amongst other reasons, they there also worshipped animals, “every form of creeping thing, and abominable beast,” as well as “pictures of idols” on walls, to which, like their brother Arabs following “the prophet,” the natural instinct of this race was opposed. Yet it was not so at all times, for as the Southern Arabs had Hobab and Alilat, so had their Northern brethren Belus and Ashera, Jehovah-Nissi, Ark, Serpent, Rod, Ephod, &c., and if there were these holy objects and gods, so also statues, sculpturings and drawings of these would exist on sacred walls and rocks; we gather from Arabian history that such existed in Arabia till Mahomed destroyed them. The Arabic goddess Alilat is the Hebrew Deleh “the Moon.” Her companion is Orotal, Hel, Aor, or Ur, “Light;” and Ta-al “exalted;” Orotal is therefore “the exalted Light” or the Sun, 2 and Orotal and Alilat correspond to Bacchus and Urania. Asheras or groves, and Baals were but the Jewish forms of the worship of Adonis and Venus, which continued all over Syria, and especially at Byblus and Emesa, down to long after the Christian era, see plate X. Fig. 8, where I give the famous temple of the Sun at Emesa with the celebrated Lingam, and over all, Luna or Isis. Strabo and others say that this Adonis was a handsome god who, slighting the wishes of Venus, was killed by a boar—clearly a solar myth, and so connected with Vishnoo’s third or Boar Avatār sent to slay and destroy a mighty giant, or Daitya—a solar name. Proserpine, the Juno Inferna, restored Adonis to life, on condition of his living six months with Venus, which evidently has to do with the seed which lies dormant in the earth. This temple at Byblus had women attached to it just as that of the Jews had, nor do we hear that the Israelites raised any voice against such officials or their practices, except once in the case of the sons of the High Priest Eli, 3 who perhaps exceeded the customary grossness of the times. Most eastern temples, more especially those connected with solar cult, had, and for the most part still have, Deva-dasis—temple, or “God’s women,” the followers of Mylita, though generally not seated so confessedly nor so prominently as those whom Herodotus describes. They were doubtless the women with mirrors (Exod. xxxviii.) who wept for Tamuz the Sun-god.. No one can study the customs of all these temples and their officials without seeing that the deities were practically the same; the dancing, weeping, hair-cutting, joys 1 Ezek. i. 8-10. 2 Herod. iii. 8. 3 1 Sam. ii. 22. 329

Fire Worship.<br />

worshippers <strong>of</strong> idols, but this depends very much upon what we call an “Idol;” I do<br />

not think Idol-worship has anywhere ceased to the present day. Zoroastrians,<br />

Asyrians, Persians and Jews were Sun-worshippers all through the days <strong>of</strong> the Jewish<br />

prophets, or up to the 3d century B.C., and therefore; undoubtedly more or less<br />

Phallic in cultus. Ezekiel’s god. was evidently a “burning fire-god.” His “appearance<br />

was as Fire, amber, and burning, whose smoke went up between the cherubim or<br />

Solar figures” (see fig. 76, p. 194) which overshadowed that Ark-box on which sat, we<br />

are told, “Israel’s God.” From Ezekiel 1 and Jewish tradition, we gather, that as a<br />

punishment, this Jahveh was to desolate these phallo-solar and Fire altars, because,<br />

amongst other reasons, they there also worshipped animals, “every form <strong>of</strong> creeping<br />

thing, and abominable beast,” as well as “pictures <strong>of</strong> idols” on walls, to which, like<br />

their brother Arabs following “the prophet,” the natural instinct <strong>of</strong> this race was opposed.<br />

Yet it was not so at all times, for as the Southern Arabs had Hobab and Alilat, so had<br />

their Northern brethren Belus and Ashera, Jehovah-Nissi, Ark, Serpent, Rod, Ephod,<br />

&c., and if there were these holy objects and gods, so also statues, sculpturings and drawings<br />

<strong>of</strong> these would exist on sacred walls and rocks; we gather from Arabian history<br />

that such existed in Arabia till Mahomed destroyed them. The Arabic goddess Alilat is<br />

the Hebrew Deleh “the Moon.” Her companion is Orotal, Hel, Aor, or Ur, “Light;”<br />

and Ta-al “exalted;” Orotal is therefore “the exalted Light” or the Sun, 2 and Orotal<br />

and Alilat correspond to Bacchus and Urania. Asheras or groves, and Baals were but<br />

the Jewish forms <strong>of</strong> the worship <strong>of</strong> Adonis and Venus, which continued all over Syria,<br />

and especially at Byblus and Emesa, down to long after the Christian era, see plate X.<br />

Fig. 8, where I give the famous temple <strong>of</strong> the Sun at Emesa with the celebrated Lingam,<br />

and over all, Luna or Isis. Strabo and others say that this Adonis was a handsome<br />

god who, slighting the wishes <strong>of</strong> Venus, was killed by a boar—clearly a solar myth,<br />

and so connected with Vishnoo’s third or Boar Avatār sent to slay and destroy a<br />

mighty giant, or Daitya—a solar name. Proserpine, the Juno Inferna, restored Adonis<br />

to life, on condition <strong>of</strong> his living six months with Venus, which evidently has to do<br />

with the seed which lies dormant in the earth.<br />

This temple at Byblus had women attached to it just as that <strong>of</strong> the Jews had, nor<br />

do we hear that the Israelites raised any voice against such <strong>of</strong>ficials or their practices,<br />

except once in the case <strong>of</strong> the sons <strong>of</strong> the High Priest Eli, 3 who perhaps exceeded<br />

the customary grossness <strong>of</strong> the times. Most eastern temples, more especially those<br />

connected with solar cult, had, and for the most part still have, Deva-dasis—temple,<br />

or “God’s women,” the followers <strong>of</strong> Mylita, though generally not seated so confessedly<br />

nor so prominently as those whom Herodotus describes. They were doubtless the<br />

women with mirrors (Exod. xxxviii.) who wept for Tamuz the Sun-god..<br />

No one can study the customs <strong>of</strong> all these temples and their <strong>of</strong>ficials without seeing<br />

that the deities were practically the same; the dancing, weeping, hair-cutting, joys<br />

1 Ezek. i. 8-10.<br />

2 Herod. iii. 8.<br />

3 1 Sam. ii. 22.<br />

329

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