Forlong - Rivers of Life

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xxxii Preface. that profess it,” and that seeing “how natural it is for all to have an over-bearing opinion and esteem for that particular religion. they are born and brought up in,” he resolves “to be more jealous and suspicious” of his own “in order that he may make diligent and impartial enquiry into all,” He “will look upon himself,” he continues, “as one not at all interested in any particular religion”—a noble faith and trust in the power of truth, and the only attitude the reader and writer of this work can profitably assume. Let us free ourselves from that common and real infidelity which fears and distrusts truth, nay, which even calls its honest pursuit “a dangerous and evil thing.” Religion is not like Politics, a system of compromize. We should rather dread belonging to any church, because this necessarily confines our views and makes us content with the modicum of truth it may have grasped. It is certain at least to find us partizans when any doctrine or rite held sacred by our sect is attacked. To have breadth of view in religious matters, one must take a neutral standpoint, and be a patient waiter upon truth, welcoming rather than repelling new ideas and all enquirers and reformers. The study of other faiths must ever tend to purify our own, and lead us to treat with deference and respect all the pious and earnest thoughts which have. helped men to realize in some degree the grent Ideal of power, goodness and truth. It is not enough to know well and write incisively upon religions. We must sympathize with the highest and holiest feelings they inculcate, and no less with the uncultured thought of him who bows before a mystic stone or bedizened altar, than with those who in lowliness of mind torture their bodies and souls to find favor in the sight of their God; with men to whom the world is as nothing; who thrust aside with loathing its pomps and vanities, beauties and joys, and even proclaim all excellence of mind and heart to be but filthy rags in comparison with that holy ecatasy they experience in their believed communion with the Supreme. Let us not forget that now as in ancient times, there are millions who still fee1 that though flesh and heart faint and fail, He is the strength of their heart and continual joy; that there are tens of thousands of revered and solitary ones, who in filth and nakedness, sit within lone mountain caves or temple cells, striving in death-like silence to still every earthly emotion that they may perchance hear but one word or sound from Him whom they call the Father of Spirits. Most of us can fully sympathize with that cultured piety which, though it rejects all that Europe holds sacred, can yet express itself in hymns like that sung by Firdusi eight hundred and fifty years ago: “The height and the depth of the whole world have their centre in Thee, O my God! I do not know Thee

Preface. xxxiii who thou art, but I know that thou art what thou alone canst be.” These words like many other devout ones of poet and pietest will not bear scientific analysis, but in our childhood we seek not for hard facts like the man of science; mystic sayings and burning words sufficed to make the infant race fall down and worship. In addition, however, to a free spirit. it is hoped the reader will have sufficient diligence to read these volumes through and at lenst suspend his judgment until he has done so. The task is heavy, but the subject is entrancing, and to inspire the reader with the apirit it deserves, Professor Max Müller’s stirring words in relation to the Vedas 1 (which is but a small branch of our subject) may be quoted with advantagc. “[These matters are important] not only to the student of oriental languages, but to every student of history, religion, or philosophy; to every man who has once felt the charm of tracing that mighty stream of human thought on which we ourselves are floating onwards, back to its distant mountainsources; to every one who has a heart for whatever has once filled the hearts of millions of human beings with their noblest hopes, and fears, and aspirations;—to every student of mankind in the fullest sense of that full and weighty word. Whoever claims that noble title must not forget, whether he examines the highest achievements of mankind in our own age, or the miserable failures of former ages, what man is, and in whose image and after whose likeness man was made. Whether listening to the shrieks of the Shaman sorcerers of Tatary, or to the odes of Pindar, or to the sacred songs of Paul Gerhard: whether looking at the pagodas of China, or the Parthenon of Athens, or the cathedral of Cologne: whether reading the sacred books of the Buddhists, of the Jews, or of those who worship God in spirit and in truth, we ought to be able to say, like the Emperor Maximilian, ‘Homo sum, humani nihil a me alienum puto,’ or, translating his words somewhat freely, ‘I am a man, nothing pertaining to man I deem foreign to myself.’ Yes, we must learn to read in the history of the whole human race something of our own history; and as in looking back on the story of our own life, we all dwell with a peculiar delight on the earliest chapters of our childhood, and try to find there the key to many of the riddles of our later life, it is but natural that the historian, too, should ponder with most intense interest over few relics have been preserved to him of the childhood of the human race.” The more we study each faith, its adherents, and the circumstances of their livcs, the more we see the good the faith has wrought, and how hard it would have been to have done without it; for however foolish and contradictory in its theories, and even cruel or immoral in its practices, the rudest faith has yet satisfied that void and longing in the emotional part of uncultured men, and in doing so, comforted, strengthened, and elevated the race, and not until another void takes place can a new faith, however so much better, supplant the old one, and then only very gradually. If we have to sorrow over the undoubtedly dire effects which many Religions have produced—and every superstition brings untold evils in its train—we have also much for which we can be thankful. If Faiths have in their bigotry for ever destroyed the literary toil of 1 Chips I. 3, ed. 1868.

xxxii<br />

Preface.<br />

that pr<strong>of</strong>ess it,” and that seeing “how natural it is for all to have an over-bearing opinion<br />

and esteem for that particular religion. they are born and brought up in,” he resolves<br />

“to be more jealous and suspicious” <strong>of</strong> his own “in order that he may make diligent<br />

and impartial enquiry into all,” He “will look upon himself,” he continues, “as one<br />

not at all interested in any particular religion”—a noble faith and trust in the power<br />

<strong>of</strong> truth, and the only attitude the reader and writer <strong>of</strong> this work can pr<strong>of</strong>itably<br />

assume. Let us free ourselves from that common and real infidelity which fears and<br />

distrusts truth, nay, which even calls its honest pursuit “a dangerous and evil thing.”<br />

Religion is not like Politics, a system <strong>of</strong> compromize. We should rather dread<br />

belonging to any church, because this necessarily confines our views and makes<br />

us content with the modicum <strong>of</strong> truth it may have grasped. It is certain at least to<br />

find us partizans when any doctrine or rite held sacred by our sect is attacked.<br />

To have breadth <strong>of</strong> view in religious matters, one must take a neutral standpoint,<br />

and be a patient waiter upon truth, welcoming rather than repelling new ideas<br />

and all enquirers and reformers. The study <strong>of</strong> other faiths must ever tend to<br />

purify our own, and lead us to treat with deference and respect all the pious and<br />

earnest thoughts which have. helped men to realize in some degree the grent Ideal <strong>of</strong><br />

power, goodness and truth.<br />

It is not enough to know well and write incisively upon religions. We must<br />

sympathize with the highest and holiest feelings they inculcate, and no less with the<br />

uncultured thought <strong>of</strong> him who bows before a mystic stone or bedizened altar, than<br />

with those who in lowliness <strong>of</strong> mind torture their bodies and souls to find favor in<br />

the sight <strong>of</strong> their God; with men to whom the world is as nothing; who thrust aside<br />

with loathing its pomps and vanities, beauties and joys, and even proclaim all excellence<br />

<strong>of</strong> mind and heart to be but filthy rags in comparison with that holy ecatasy<br />

they experience in their believed communion with the Supreme. Let us not forget<br />

that now as in ancient times, there are millions who still fee1 that though flesh and<br />

heart faint and fail, He is the strength <strong>of</strong> their heart and continual joy; that there are<br />

tens <strong>of</strong> thousands <strong>of</strong> revered and solitary ones, who in filth and nakedness, sit within<br />

lone mountain caves or temple cells, striving in death-like silence to still every earthly<br />

emotion that they may perchance hear but one word or sound from Him whom they<br />

call the Father <strong>of</strong> Spirits. Most <strong>of</strong> us can fully sympathize with that cultured piety<br />

which, though it rejects all that Europe holds sacred, can yet express itself in hymns<br />

like that sung by Firdusi eight hundred and fifty years ago: “The height and the<br />

depth <strong>of</strong> the whole world have their centre in Thee, O my God! I do not know Thee

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