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APPENDIX I. 375<br />

Deeennale primo. It is characteristic of Machiavelli that he<br />

should leave the supernatural question und<strong>ec</strong>ided, and find in<br />

what we may call purely rational causes a sufficient explanation<br />

of Savonarola's influence. For the rest he simply states what<br />

seemed to him a remarkable fact, and refusing to discuss whatever<br />

claims Savonarola had to divine inspiration, accurately<br />

sums up the causes of his popularity; ' la vita sua,' the eff<strong>ec</strong>t of<br />

his personal character; 'la dottrina,' the fascination, that is, of<br />

the teaching of a pure religion upon a corrupted people; 'il<br />

soggetto che prese,' the all-absorbing interest of the political<br />

situation, which he undertook to elucidate. The words _perch_<br />

d' un tanto uomo se ne debbe parlare con riverenza' cannot be<br />

allowed to pass for much when we consider how Machiavelli<br />

himself speaks of Savonarola in the Estratto di lettere ai Di<strong>ec</strong>i<br />

di Balia.<br />

Discorsi, i. xlv. This passage contains an account of the law<br />

of i494, by which an appeal to the Consiglio Grande was allowed<br />

to any one condemned on a capital charge. Rightly or wrongly,<br />

this law was regarded at Florence as due to Savonarola, though<br />

it is probable that he would have preferred an appeal to some<br />

smaller body of men, sel<strong>ec</strong>ted for the purpose, and less liable to<br />

be swayed by the feelings of the moment than a large assembly<br />

like the Consiglio Grande. In i497 this right of appeal was<br />

refused in a sp<strong>ec</strong>ial case [see Hist. Abst. sub ann@ and Savonarola<br />

was credited with being the cause of a violation of law to<br />

the detriment of an individual. This is what Machiavelli says<br />

of the whole affair : ' Essendo Firenze dopo il novanta quattro<br />

stata riordinata nel suo Stato con 1' aiuto di Frate Girolamo Savonarola,<br />

gli scritti del quale mostrano la dottrina, la prudenza,<br />

la virtfl dell' animo suo . . . furono condannati a morte dalla<br />

Signoria per conto di Stato cinque cittadini, e volendo quelli<br />

appellate, non furono lasciati, e non fu osservata la legge. I1<br />

che tolse pifl reputazione a quel Frate, che nessun altro accidente,<br />

perch6 se quella appellazione era utile, ei doveva farla<br />

osservare ; se ella non era utile, non doveva farla vincere. E<br />

tanto pifl fu notato questo accidente, quanto che il Frate in tante<br />

predicazioni che f<strong>ec</strong>e poi ehe fu rotta questa legge, non mai o<br />

dann6 chi I' aveva rotta, o lo scus6, come quello che dannare non<br />

voleva, come cosa che gli tornava a proposito, e scusare non la<br />

poteva. I1 che avendo scoperto 1' animo suo ambizioso e parti-

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