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xxxii IL PRINCIPE.<br />

Happiness principle in :768, and gave a shilling for it, at<br />

the <strong>corner</strong> of Queen's College. He found it in Priestley,<br />

and he might have gone on finding it in B<strong>ec</strong>caria and<br />

Hutcheson ; all of whom trace their pedigree to the Manclragola:<br />

Io credo ehe quello sia bene the fa<strong>ec</strong>i bene a'<br />

pi/1, e che i pi/J se ne contentino. This is the centre of<br />

unity in all Machiavelli, and gives him touch, not with<br />

unconscious imitators only, but with the most conspicuous<br />

race of reasoners in the century.<br />

English experience has not been familiar with a line<br />

of thought plainly involving indulgence to Machiavelli.<br />

Dugald Stewart raises him high, but raises him for a<br />

heavy fall: ' No writer, certainly, either in ancient or in<br />

modern times, has ever united, in a more remarkable<br />

degree, a greater variety of the most dissimilar and seemingly<br />

the most discordant gifts and attainments.--To his<br />

maxims the royal defenders of the Catholic faith have<br />

been indebted for the spirit of that policy which they have<br />

uniformly opposed to the innovations of the reformers.'<br />

Hallam indeed has said: ' We continually find a more<br />

flagitious and undisguised abandonment of moral rules for<br />

the sake of some :dol of a general principle than can be<br />

imputed to ThePrince of Machiavel.' But the unaccustomed<br />

hyperbole had been hazarded a century before in the obscurity<br />

of a Latin dissertation by Feuerlin : Longe detestabiliores<br />

errores apud alios doctores politicos facile invenias,<br />

si eidem rigorosae censurae eorum scripta subiicienda<br />

essent. What has been, with us, the occasional aphorism<br />

of a masterful mind, encountered support abroad in accredited<br />

systems, and in a vast and successful political<br />

movement. The r<strong>ec</strong>overy of Machiavelli has been essentially<br />

the product of causes operating on the Continent.<br />

When Hegel was dominant to the Rhine, and Cousin<br />

beyond it, the circumstances favoured his reputation.<br />

For Hegel taught: Der Gang der Weltgeschichte steht

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