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The history of the popes, from the close of the middle ages : drawn ...

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l6 HISTORY OF THE POPES.<br />

once on <strong>the</strong> evening <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> following day, by electing Cardinal<br />

Carpi as Pope, by paying him general homage and without<br />

having recourse to formal voting, thus bringing <strong>the</strong> conclave<br />

to a speedy conclusion. ^ This plan came to nothing owing<br />

to <strong>the</strong> disunion <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Spanish party. <strong>The</strong>ir leader, Sforza,<br />

was secretly opposed to Carpi, even though he was <strong>the</strong> principal<br />

candidate <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Spaniards, and had allowed himself to be<br />

<strong>drawn</strong> into a secret agreement by Este, by which he promised<br />

to prevent Carpi's election, while Este was to work on behalf<br />

<strong>of</strong> Medici or Gonzaga, who both also belonged to <strong>the</strong> Spanish<br />

party. ^<br />

<strong>The</strong> attempt, <strong>the</strong>refore, to elevate Carpi suddenly was<br />

bound to be unsuccessful, and <strong>the</strong>y had to content <strong>the</strong>mselves<br />

with allowing <strong>the</strong> conclave to proceed in <strong>the</strong> usual manner.<br />

<strong>The</strong> customary election capitulation was <strong>drawn</strong> up and read<br />

aloud on <strong>the</strong> evening <strong>of</strong> September 8th. ^ It contained,<br />

besides <strong>the</strong> declarations constantly recurring in such docu-<br />

ments, distinct allusions to <strong>the</strong> pontificate <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> late Pope.<br />

<strong>The</strong> Cardinals, accordingly, had to swear that <strong>the</strong>y would<br />

undertake no war, and that <strong>the</strong>y would punish in a fitting<br />

manner <strong>the</strong> outbreaks which had taken place while <strong>the</strong> pro-<br />

ceedings in connection with <strong>the</strong> vacancy in <strong>the</strong> Papal throne<br />

were being conducted. <strong>The</strong> reform <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Church and <strong>the</strong><br />

Curia, as well as <strong>the</strong> carrying on <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Council, was also<br />

earnestly enjoined on <strong>the</strong> Cardinal who should be elected.'*<br />

On September gth <strong>the</strong> bull <strong>of</strong> Julius 11. was sworn to.^<br />

1 BONDONUS, 519.<br />

2 Conclavi de' Pontifici Romani, s.l. 1667, 160 seqq. <strong>The</strong><br />

report <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> " Conclavi " is supported by statements in trustworthy<br />

sources (Muller, ho seq.). Sermoneta declared himself<br />

very decidedly against Carpi ; see **Caligari's letter <strong>of</strong> September<br />

12, 1559 (Papal Secret Archives).<br />

3 BoNDONUS, 519.<br />

* Dembinski, Wybor Piusa IV., 289-304, in <strong>the</strong> extract in<br />

Raynaldus, 1559, n. 37 seq. Le Plat, IV., 612 seq. Cf. Sickel,<br />

Konzil, 12 seq., and <strong>the</strong> analysis in Muller, 100 seq. See also<br />

Quellen und Forschungen des Preuss. Instit., XII., 226.<br />

5 BoNDONUS, 519.

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