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232 HISTORY OF THE POPES. no time in remonstrating with Duke William IV., but was very cautious in doing so. This was very necessary, as the Duke was out of temper on account of the hesitation of Pius IV. to grant permission for the foundation of the university at Duisburg.^ As a change of religion on the part of the Duke of Cleves might have incalculable consequences, on account of the position of his country, Commendone endeavoured to pacify him and advised Rome to make ?11 possible advances.^ In the matter of the Council, Duke William showed very good will as to the sending of envoys, expressing at the same time the wish that the chalice might be granted to the laity, and permission given to priests to marry. ^ From Cleves, Commendone visited the Netherlands, starting for Utrecht on April 29th, where he arrived on the 30th. Thence he travelled by Dordrecht to Antwerp, which he reached on May 3rd, remaining there until the 12th. Here he received Cardinal Borromeo's instructions that he should also visit the King of Denmark and hand him personally the invitation to the Council.* If he should be successful in winning over this prince, the most powerful in the north, who was also related to the two most important courts of the ^ Upon this affair cf. Susta, Kurie, log seq. ^ The affair dragged on till 1562. On June 15, 1562, the bull for the erection of the university of Duisburg was sent to the Duke, antedated April loth ; see Lacomblet, Urkundenbuch, IV., n. 564; Susta, Kurie, II., 211. ^ To the accounts already noted, and profitably treated of by Reimann, Commendone, 264 seq., and Lossen, Masius' Briefe, 331 seq., must be added the *Viaggio of Ruggieri, where we read of the religious conditions of the country : *Quanto alia religione il duca non mostra di dissentire in altro della fede cattolica che nella communione sub utraque specie eh' egli riceve apertamente ; la sua corte e quasi tutta lutherana. Nei stati si vive per ii pid alia cattolica, ma per tutti i luoghi sono molto heretici (Chigi Lib., Rome). * *Letter of Borromeo of March 4-7, 1561, Lett, di princ, XXII., 113 (Papal Secret Archives). Cf. Susta, Kurie, I., 199, and Ehses, VIII. , 169 seq.
COMMENDONE IN THE NETHERLANDS. 233 German Protestant princes, Brandenburg and Saxony, he would indeed have attained a great deal. In view of the attitude which the Danish sovereign had hitherto taken up, however, there appeared to be very little hope of success. In spite of this Pius IV. did not wish to leave any means untried. In order to carry out this visit to Denmark, Commendone required special letters of safe-conduct and recommendation from the Emperor, and these could not be obtained very quickly. In the meantime the indefatigable nuncio employed the interval in carrying on further work in the Netherlands to ensure the sending of delegates to the Council. On May 12th he proceeded by Malines and Louvain to Brussels, and during his stay there (May 22nd) carried on negotiations with Marga- ret, the Governess of the Low Countries, and with Cardinal Granvelle, who both displayed great zeal for the Council They, however, advised Commendone against the journey to Denmark, as being dangerous to his own person, and not in keeping with the dignity of the Pope. Commendone was, however, of opinion that it was the duty of a servant to carry out unconditionally the orders of his master, and that he should take no thought for his own danger. ^ At Louvain the nuncio had made inquiries concerning the theological controversies which had been stirred up by the professor Michael Baius, who was a lover of innovations ; he reported the facts to the Pope, giving him the shrewd advice, which Pius IV. followed, to impose silence on both Baius and his opponents.^ In the person of the Bishop of Liege, Robert van Berghen, Commendone made the acquaintance of a prelate who was distinguished both for his learning and piety, and who showed an ardent zeal for the Council, although he was suffering from serious illness. The nuncio left Liege on May 30th. During ^ Cf. the letters of Commendone in Ehses, VIII., 205 seqq. * Cf. ibid., 221 seq. ; Pallavicini, is, 7, 7 seq., 11 seq. ; Susta, I., 34 seq., 49 seq. The affair of M. Baius will be dealt with later, in its proper place.
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LIBRARY OF THE THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY
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HISTORY OF THE POPES VOL. XV
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o^^^ T H e \%^ HISTORY OF THE POP F
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CONTENTS OF VOLUME XV. Collections
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viii ARCHIVES AND MANUSCRIPTS IN VO
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X COMPLETE TITLES OF BOOKS Aumale,
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XU COMPLETE TITLES OF BOOKS Carcere
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xiv COMPLETE TITLES OF BOOKS Episto
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xvi COMPLETE TITLES OF BOOKS HUgers
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xviii COMPLETE TITLES OF BOOKS Lowe
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XX COMPLETE TITLES OF BOOKS Pieylin
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Xxii COMPLETE TITLES OF BOOKS Sdgmi
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XXIV COMPLETE TITLES OF BOOKS Verga
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XXVI TABLE OF CONTENTS. Non-observa
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XXVlll TABLE OF CONTENTS. A.D. ....
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XXX TABLE OF CONTENTS Complete conv
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XXxii TABLE OF CONTENTS. A.D. Offic
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XXXIV TABLE OF CONTENTS. :Morone ar
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LIST OF UNPUBLISHED DOCUMENTS IN AP
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XXXVlll AUTHOR S PREFACE. for the f
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Xl INTRODUCTION. diplomatic relatio
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Xlii INTRODUCTION. the more necessa
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Xliv INTRODUCTION. having been made
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xlvi INTRODUCTION. original documen
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XiVlll INTRODUCTION. led the Cathol
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2 HISTORY OF THE POPES. seemed to b
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4 HISTORY OF THE POPES. had given h
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6 HISTORY OF THE POPES. be followed
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8 HISTORY OF THE POPES. In his decr
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. 10 HISTORY OF THE POPES. France c
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12 HISTORY OF THE POPES. Duke Cosim
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^ 14 HISTORY OF THE POPES. Lenoncou
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l6 HISTORY OF THE POPES. once on th
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l8 HISTORY OF THE POPES. uncle, Pis
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20 HISTORY OF THE POPES. The Spania
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22 HISTORY OF THE POPES. du Bellay
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24 HISTORY OF THE POPES. Carafa, ho
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26 HISTORY OF THE POPES. made up hi
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28 lilSTORV OF THE POPES. Carpi and
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30 HISTORY OF THE POPES. von Thurm,
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32 HISTORY OF THE POPES. influence
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34 HISTORY OF THE POPES. Madruzzo,
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36 HISTORY OF THE POPES. to keep on
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.38 HISTORY OF THE POPES. on his be
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40 HISTORY OF THE POPES. Spanish pa
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42 HISTORY OF THE POPES. if they fl
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44 HISTORY OF THE POPES. city again
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46 HISTORY OF THE POPES. Farnese, o
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48 HISTORY OF THE POPES. The old op
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50 HISTORY OF THE POPES. Philip ; t
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52 HISTORY OF THE POPES. In the aft
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54 HISTORY OF THE POPES. ^ We posse
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56 HISTORY OF THE POPES. dition to
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58 HISTORY OF THE POPES. It was mor
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60 HISTORY OF THE POPES. concerning
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62 HISTORY OF THE POPES. and declar
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64 HISTORY OF THE POPES. of his sov
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CHAPTER II. Previous Life and Chara
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68 HISTORY OF THE POPES. family, Mo
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70 HISTORY OF THE POPES. Marquis of
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72 HISTORY OF THE POPES. Angelo, as
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74 HISTORY OF THE POPES. On his ret
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76 HISTORY OF THE POPES. had to pas
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78 HISTORY OF THE POPES. Emperor di
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80 HISTORY OF THE POPES. of his sho
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82 HISTORY OF THE POPES. for the at
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84 HISTORY OF THE POPES. for.i He w
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86 HISTORY OF THE POPES. Venetian a
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88 HISTORY OF THE POPES. were in no
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go HISTORY OF THE POPES. preferred
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92 HISTORY OF THE POPES. Pius IV. v
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CHAPTER III The Pope's Relatives. C
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96 HISTORY OF THE POPES. already me
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98 HISTORY OF THE POPES. very soon.
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100 HISTORY OF THE POPES. affection
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102 HISTORY OF THE POPES. Gabrio Se
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. 104 HISTORY OF THE POPES. Cardina
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I06 HISTORY OF THE POPES. had the e
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I08 HISTORY OF THE POPES. religious
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no HISTORY OF THE POPES. wrote on J
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112 HISTORY OF THE POPES. Cardinal
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114 HISTORY OF THE POPES. head fort
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Il6 HISTORY OF THE POPES. He bore i
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Il8 HISTORY OF THE POPES. his court
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120 HISTORY OF THE POPES. and in sp
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122 HISTORY OF THE POPES. little of
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124 HISTORY OF THE POPES. defection
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126 HISTORY OF THE POPES. from when
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128 HISTORY OF THE POPES. extraordi
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130 HISTORY OF THE POPES. city of t
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132 HISTORY OF THE POPES. capitulat
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134 HISTORY OF THE POPES. interests
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136 HISTORY OF THE POPES. Paul IV.,
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138 HISTORY OF THE POPES. although
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140 HISTORY OF THE POPES. In this s
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142 HISTORY OF THE POPES. with the
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144 HISTORY OF THE POPES. announced
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146 HISTORY OF THE POPES. their dis
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— 148 HISTORY OF THE POPES. of th
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150 HISTORY OF THE POPES, his disfa
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152 HISTORY OF THE POPES. which he
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154 HISTORY OF THE POPES, avail ; a
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156 HISTORY OF THE POPES. been gran
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158 HISTORY OF THE POPES. Tonina wa
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l60 HISTORY OF THE POPES. father, F
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l62 HISTORY OF THE POPES. justice w
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. 164 HISTORY OF THE POPES. ness an
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l66 HISTORY OF THE POPES. protectin
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l68 HISTORY OF THE POPES. salvation
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170 HISTORY OF THE POPES. he appear
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172 HISTORY OF THE POPES. on a litt
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174 HISTORY OF THE POPES. grief, on
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176 HISTORY OF THE POPES. as an onl
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178 HISTORY OF THE POPES. From this
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l80 HISTORY OF THE POPES. IV. had,
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Page 254 and 255: 202 HISTORY OF THE POPES. received
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Page 268 and 269: CHAPTER VI. The Mission of Commendo
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Page 278 and 279: 226 HISTORY OF THE POPES. Commendon
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Page 290 and 291: 238 HISTORY OF THE POPES. Munich Co
Page 292 and 293: 240 HISTORY OF THE POPES. on June 4
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Page 312 and 313: 26o HISTORY OF THE POPES. of contin
Page 314 and 315: 262 HISTORY OF THE POPES. busily em
Page 316 and 317: CHAPTER VIII. Reopening of the Coun
Page 318 and 319: 2 66 HISTORY OF THE POPES. debated
Page 320 and 321: 268 HISTORY OF THE POPES. bishop of
Page 322 and 323: 270 HISTORY OF THE POPES. be given
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282 HISTORY OF THE POPES. belong, h
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284 HISTORY OF THE POPES. After the
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286 HISTORY OF THE POPES. During th
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288 HISTORY OF THE POPES. ^ aims of
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290 HISTORY OF THE POPES. legates,
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292 HISTORY OF THE POPES. to obtain
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294 HISTORY OF THE POPES. Visconti
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296 HISTORY OF THE POPES. It was re
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298 HISTORY OF THE POPES. sacrifice
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300 HISTORY OF THE POPES. same time
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302 HISTORY OF THE POPES. others al
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304 HISTORY OF THE POPES. the legat
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306 HISTORY OF THE POPES. commissio
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308 HISTORY OF THE POPES. against t
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310 HISTORY OF THE POPES. the Emper
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312 HISTORY OF THE POPES. In the me
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314 HISTORY OF THE POPES. peror ; o
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3l6 HISTORY OF THE POPES. which was
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3l8 HISTORY OF THE POPES. pension,
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320 HISTORY OF THE POPES. sentiment
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322 HISTORY OF THE POPES. him, and
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324 HISTORY OF THE POPES. demand fo
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326 HISTORY OF THE POPES. should re
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2 ^ CHAPTER X. The Concluding Sessi
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330 HISTORY OF THE POPES. in German
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332 HISTORY OF THE POPES. on June 8
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334 HISTORY OF THE POPES. mine the
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336 HISTORY OF THE POPES. extreme t
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338 HISTORY OF THE POPES. chapters
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340 HISTORY OF THE POPES. general r
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' dom 342 HISTORY OF THE POPES. por
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344 HISTORY OF THE POPES. legates w
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346 HISTORY OF THE POPES. but that
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34^ HISTORY OF THE POPES. desired b
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350 HISTORY OF THE POPES. Morone, w
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352 HISTORY OF THE POPES. why Pius
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354 HISTORY OF THE POPES. when pass
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356 HISTORY OF THE POPES. violently
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358 HISTORY OF THE POPES. bestowal
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360 HISTORY OF THE POPES. were subm
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362 HISTORY OF THE POPES. of the gr
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364 HISTORY OF THE POPES. in peace
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CHAPTER XI Significance of the Coun
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368 HISTORY OF THE POPES. that the
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370 HISTORY OF THE POPES. that the
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372 HISTORY OF THE POPES. The abuse
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^ 374 HISTORY OF THE POPES. his pow
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376 HISTORY OF THE POPES. as possib
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37^ HISTORY OF THE POPES. however,
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APPENDIX, PRELIMINARY NOTICE. The f
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APPENDIX. 383 Monte, Madruzzo, Savc
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APPENDIX. 385 Crispi 13 ; Cr. del M
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APPENDIX. 387 57. (Tuesday, 28 Nov.
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APPENDIX. 389
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APPENDIX. 391 report, and penetrate
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APPENDIX. 393 per haver qualche chi
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APPENDIX. 395 molt' allegramentc ;
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APPENDIX. 397 militie S*^' Michaeli
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APPENDIX. 399 orbis et Ecclesie sca
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APPENDIX. 401 Presentetur. B. Ameri
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APPENDIX. 403 13. Consistory of 3 M
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APPENDIX. 405 tutti e tre fuori di
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APPENDIX. 407 vedera con qiiesta al
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APPENDIX. 409 egli facesse il quart
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APPENDIX. 411 mente ; et Sua S^^ 1'
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APPENDIX. 413 di Penitentiaria et d
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APPENDIX. 415 ponti che non sono an
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APPENDIX. 417 by word of mouth, a j
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APPENDIX. 419 considerat, liberalit
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APPENDIX. 421 indictio of the Counc
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APP'ENDIX. 423 Mo substantial chang
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attonito et quorsum isthaec tendere
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APPENDIX. 427 Inter multas praecipa
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APPENDIX. 429 lum praebere : et ant
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432 INDEX OF NAMES. Boncompagni, Ug
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434 Corgna, Ascanio della (nephew o
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436 INDEX OF NAMES. Grimani, Giovan
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438 Medici, Chiara de' (sister of P
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440 Ricci, Cardinal, 6 n. 5, 14, 24
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44^ Violante d'Alife, see Alife. Vi
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