The history of the popes, from the close of the middle ages : drawn ...

102 HISTORY OF THE POPES.
Gabrio Serbelloni was most dissatisfied with his office, and
jealousy filled his heart. He complained to the Florentine
ambassador as early as June, 1560, that the Pope did not make
independent decisions, but submitted everything to the judgment
of Cardinal Borromeo,^ and later on the same ambassador
repeatedly heard bitter complaints from Gabrio, who thought
himself quite put into the background.^
The family of Hohenems was likewise filled with bitter
jealousy at the signs of favour which were lavished upon
the Borromei. These warlike German petty nobles had hurried
to Rome immediately after the election of Pius IV. in order
to make their fortunes there as nephews of the Pope. They
were dignified men, as Cardinal Truchsess informed Duke
Albert of Bavaria, but the Italians laughed at them because
of their want of culture and their rough and clumsy manners.^
They were not, however, lacking in ambition, and were of
the opinion that one of their number should also be invested
with the purple.^ Their aspirations rose yet higher when
Ferdinand I. raised them to the rank of Counts of the Empire
on April 27th, 1560.^
The jealousy of his nephews and their quarrels caused the
^ *Letters in cypher from G. B. Ricasoli of June i, 1560 (State
Archives, Florence).
^ See the *letters of G. B. Ricasoli of June 13 and 24, and
July 8, 1560 (State Archives, Florence). In the *repcrt of June
24, he says in cypher : " Gabrio si trova assai mal contento
parendoh il Papa pensi a beneficare ogn' altro che lui."
^ Truchsess on January 20, 1560, in Correspondence of Card. O.
Truchsess, 128 ; Hilliger, io-ii.
* When the Mark Sittich received a " commendam " of the
order of St. James, an *Avviso di Roma of February 24, 1560,
states that people saw in this the first step towards the cardinalate.
That Hohenems endeavoured to attain to this is testified by the
*Avviso di Roma of March 9, 1560 (Urb. 1039, p. 131, 135b.,
Vatican Library).
^ See the diploma in Bergmann, Die Edlen von Emts zu
Hohenembs :
180 seq. (i860).
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