The history of the popes, from the close of the middle ages : drawn ...

THE POPE S RELATIVES. 95
near Gotzis. They were a war-like race, many members of
which, with their vassals, had fought on the bloody battle-
fields of Italy, such as Mark Sittich I. at the beginning cf the
XVIth century, and his still more famous cousin, Jakob von
Ems, who, after a short but victorious career, fell before
Ravenna on April 14th, 15 12. Wolf Dietrich, the second son
of Mark Sittich (born 1507, died 1538) also distinguished
himself as a soldier in Italy. ^ By his marriage with Chiara de'
Medici, he had three sons and two daughters : Jakob
Hannibal,
Mark Sittich II., Gabriel, Margaret, and Helena. Cardinal
Medici took a very lively interest in the children of his sister.
In the archives of Hohenems there is still preserved a letter in
which he dissuades the latter from sending the young Gabriel,
who has no inclination for the priesthood, to the dangerous
metropolis of Rome.^ When he was raised to the supreme
pontificate Pius IV. allowed all three sons to come to his court,
but he soon had cause to regret this weakness.
From the marriage of the Pope's elder sister with Gilberto
Borromeo, there were two sons, Federigo and Carlo. Pius
IV. distinguished these nephews to such a degree that the
jealously of those of Ems broke out fiercely. Besides those
^ See Bergmann, Die Edlen von Embs zu Hohenembs :
Denk-
schrift der Wiener Akad., Phil-hist., Kl. X., 93 seqq. (i860)
XL, I seqq. (1861). See also the records from 1315-1537 in the
archives of the Hohenems family collected by F. Joller (Programm
des Gymnasiums zu Feldkirch), Freiburg, i860, as well
as the treatise " Gli Hohenems cittadini Milanesi " (through
Charles V., 1553) in the Bollett. stor. d. Svizz. Ital., XXVIII
(1906), and Wymann, 27 seqq. Cf. also H. Wartmann, Der
Hof Widnau-Haslach : St. Gallische Gemeindearchive, 1887,
S. vii seqq., in the introduction upon Mark Sittich I.
^ In the characteristic *letter of the Cardinal from Rome of
June 20, 1556, he says of Gabriel : " . . . il quale non havendo
inclinatione di esser prete non puo disegnar di acquistar cosa
alcuna in questa corte, non sia per molto meglio riuscirgli in
ogn' altro luogo che stia d'ltalia. Impero che questa e una
citta piena di tanti sviamenti che insieme con I' imparar la lingua
et lo scrivere Itahano impareria facilmente di quelle cose che
parturirebbono dishonore a lui et a me." (Hohenems Archives).