The history of the popes, from the close of the middle ages : drawn ...

CARDINAL MEDICI AND PAUL IV. 79
From an ecclesiastical, as well as from a political point of
view, the Carafa Pope belonged to an entirely different school
of thought from that of Medici. Although the latter had
repeatedly taken part in the reform conferences under Julius
III. and Marcellus 11.,^ he was, nevertheless, as an old curialist
of the days of the second Medici Pope, little affected by that
mighty current which, under Paul IV., that inconsiderate
zealot for the revival of the Church and powerful foe of the
heretics, swept all before it. Paul IV. on that account, made
use of him principally in legal matters. ^ The difference
between them was still more striking with regard to their
political views, and the fiery, imaginative Neapolitan formed
an irreconcilable antithesis to the calm and sober Lombard.
This appeared when the political horizon grew cloudy.^
It is to the credit of Medici that he did not conceal his opinion,
and pronounced courageously and decisively against the war
with the world-wide power of Spain.* The Cardinal was,
however, obliged to leave Rome before hostilities broke out,
for his brother, Gian Giacomo, who, in the struggle against
Siena had lately given as great proofs^ of his skill in war as
iC/. Vols. XIII, p. 159, XIV., p. 41, of this work.
- Cf. MuLLER, 235 seq. Medici had been a member of the
Inquisition since autumn, 1556 (see Pastor, Dekrete, 20).
Con-
cerning his forebodings with regard to the policy of Paul IV.
see Vol. XIV. of this work, p. 185.
3 The two * briefs, to loannes lacobus marchio Marignani, of
August 20, 1555, and to Cosimo I., of August 22, 1555, testify-
to friendly relations. The Cardinal is accredited in the latter,
and in the former he is even praised. Among other things, we
" Cum idem tuus frater propediem Anconam profecturus
read :
ad te istuc omnino divertere cogitaret, has ei litteras dedimus,
ut eae una cum ipso te nostris verbis salutarent et quasi testes
essent tum multorum erga te apud nos officiorum quae is vera
fraterna tuaque virtute ac te digna semper praestitit, tum nostrae
perpetuae in eum benevolentiae." (Arm. 44, t. 4, n. 216, Papal
Secret Archives).
* Cj. Vol. XIV. of this work, p. 104.
* Cf. Reumont, Toskana I., 199 seq. The magnificent suit of
armourlof Gian Giacomo is at present in the Castle at Erbach
in Odenwald.