Alaska Tuberculosis Program Manual - Epidemiology - State of Alaska
Alaska Tuberculosis Program Manual - Epidemiology - State of Alaska Alaska Tuberculosis Program Manual - Epidemiology - State of Alaska
For assistance with language issues, see the Language Services Resource Guide for Health Care Providers (The National Health Law Program Web site; 2006) at http://www.healthlaw.org/library.cfm?fa=download&resourceID=89928&a ppView=folder&print . For medical interpreters and translators, refer to: Pacific Interpreters – (800) 311-1232 http://www.pacificinterpreters.com/ Language Line: (800)-752-6096 option 2 http://www.languageline.com/ Medical Diagnosis In the initial interviews with the patient, provide information about TB and the patient’s treatment plan. During DOT appointments and monthly monitoring, confirm and reinforce the patient’s understanding of these topics. 1. Discuss the difference between TB disease and TB infection. 2. Explain the signs and symptoms of TB, how TB is transmitted, prevention activities, and treatment. 3. Explain that TB is both treatable and preventable. 4. Explain the importance of completion of treatment. 5. Discuss diagnostic procedures used to make diagnosis of TB, such as chest radiography, sputum microscopy, and tuberculin skin testing. Stress the importance of testing and follow-up. 6. Discuss the current medical treatment plan and rationale. . 7. Explain the need for regular medical monitoring and follow-up during the disease process. Discuss how treatment will be monitored (i.e., sputum, blood tests, vision screening, weight check, etc.). Encourage the patient to be an active participant in care and treatment. 8. Discuss the roles of the patient (engage in treatment), the health department (case management, monitoring, contact tracing, and supervision of treatment), and the private provider (treatment and monitoring). Encourage the patient to contact the case manager for issues and problems that arise during treatment. 9. Explain the risk of treatment relapse or failure and the need to complete treatment to prevent relapse. A L A S K A T U B E R C U L O S I S C O N T R O L P R O G R A M M A N U A L Patient Education 13.6 Revised November 2012
10. Explain the signs and symptoms of possible relapse or failure, and encourage the patient to report them immediately to the case manager. For more information on TB education, DOT and treatment agreements, contact investigation, side effects and potential drug interactions, and adherence with the treatment regimen, see the Case Management section of the manual 10.1. Contact Investigation When a contact investigation is necessary, educate the index patient about the process and confidentiality. 1. Discuss the contact investigation process. 2. Reinforce the confidentiality of investigation, but warn the patient of the potential for contacts to guess the patient’s identity. Isolation If isolation is necessary, educate the patient about how to take proper precautions. 1. Explain isolation precautions and restrictions, if appropriate. 2. Explain the behavior changes needed for infection control. Discuss permitted and prohibited activities, limiting and excluding visitors, covering the mouth and nose when coughing and sneezing, and using a mask. 3. Explain the home environmental changes needed for infection control. Discuss ventilation and sunlight. Explain how to dispose of items soiled with potentially infectious material. 4. Discuss the requirements for release from isolation. Advise the patient that clearance is contingent upon clinical condition and continued compliance with the treatment regimen. Side Effects and Adverse Reactions Educate all patients on antituberculosis medications about the medications’ potential side effects and adverse reactions. 1. Explain the names, dosages, and rationale for the drug treatment plan as well as the importance of treatment. A L A S K A T U B E R C U L O S I S C O N T R O L P R O G R A M M A N U A L Patient Education 13.7 Revised November 2012
- Page 287 and 288: In general, for the purposes of con
- Page 289 and 290: General Guidelines for Interviewing
- Page 291 and 292: Healthcare workers should remember
- Page 293 and 294: Index Patient with Positive Acid-Fa
- Page 295 and 296: Index Patient with Negative Acid-Fa
- Page 297 and 298: Contact Evaluation, Treatment, and
- Page 299 and 300: Definition of abbreviations: HIV =
- Page 301 and 302: Note: An IGRA may be used in place
- Page 303 and 304: When to Expand a Contact Investigat
- Page 305 and 306: Figure 7: EVALUATION, TREATMENT, AN
- Page 307 and 308: CDC’s “Framework of Program Eva
- Page 309 and 310: Definitions of abbreviations: AIDS
- Page 311 and 312: elease assay; LTBI = latent tubercu
- Page 313 and 314: officials to distinguish between di
- Page 315 and 316: References 1 ATS, CDC, IDSA. Contro
- Page 317 and 318: 44 CDC, NTCA. Guidelines for the in
- Page 319 and 320: Introduction Purpose Use this secti
- Page 321 and 322: Available Laboratory Tests Table 2:
- Page 323 and 324: Table 3: PCR Testing Algorithm and
- Page 325 and 326: Table 4: SPECIMEN COLLECTION METHOD
- Page 327 and 328: 5. If possible, send the specimen o
- Page 329 and 330: Specimen Shipment There are three m
- Page 331 and 332: Resources and References Resources
- Page 333 and 334: Patient Education CONTENTS Introduc
- Page 335 and 336: treatment, common side-effects of m
- Page 337: Education Topics During the initial
- Page 341 and 342: Patient Education Materials Get th
- Page 343 and 344: References 1 CDC. Module 4: treatme
- Page 345 and 346: Introduction Purpose Use this secti
- Page 347 and 348: National Guidelines The following g
- Page 349 and 350: Transfer Notifications CONTENTS Int
- Page 351 and 352: For roles and responsibilities, ref
- Page 353 and 354: Follow-Up Type When to Initiate Not
- Page 355 and 356: Action Transfers Within Alaska Tran
- Page 357 and 358: Provide the patient with a. A copy
- Page 359 and 360: References 1 CDC. International not
- Page 361 and 362: Infection Control CONTENTS Introduc
- Page 363 and 364: of TB infection control principles
- Page 365 and 366: Administrative Activities 13 Key ac
- Page 367 and 368: Personal Respiratory Protection Alt
- Page 369 and 370: For regulations in your area, refer
- Page 371 and 372: Employee Health All employees, phys
- Page 373 and 374: Figure 1: TWO STEP TESTING AND FOLL
- Page 375 and 376: Isolation To reduce disease transmi
- Page 377 and 378: Table 4: CRITERIA FOR PATIENTS TO B
- Page 379 and 380: When to Initiate Airborne Infection
- Page 381 and 382: Confirmed Tuberculosis Disease A pa
- Page 383 and 384: Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis Di
- Page 385 and 386: Environmental Controls in the Patie
- Page 387 and 388: Return to Work, School, or Other So
For assistance with language issues, see the Language Services<br />
Resource Guide for Health Care Providers (The National Health Law<br />
<strong>Program</strong> Web site; 2006) at<br />
http://www.healthlaw.org/library.cfm?fa=download&resourceID=89928&a<br />
ppView=folder&print .<br />
For medical interpreters and translators, refer to:<br />
Pacific Interpreters –<br />
(800) 311-1232<br />
http://www.pacificinterpreters.com/<br />
Language Line:<br />
(800)-752-6096 option 2<br />
http://www.languageline.com/<br />
Medical Diagnosis<br />
In the initial interviews with the patient, provide information about TB and the patient’s<br />
treatment plan. During DOT appointments and monthly monitoring, confirm and reinforce<br />
the patient’s understanding <strong>of</strong> these topics.<br />
1. Discuss the difference between TB disease and TB infection.<br />
2. Explain the signs and symptoms <strong>of</strong> TB, how TB is transmitted, prevention activities,<br />
and treatment.<br />
3. Explain that TB is both treatable and preventable.<br />
4. Explain the importance <strong>of</strong> completion <strong>of</strong> treatment.<br />
5. Discuss diagnostic procedures used to make diagnosis <strong>of</strong> TB, such as chest<br />
radiography, sputum microscopy, and tuberculin skin testing. Stress the importance<br />
<strong>of</strong> testing and follow-up.<br />
6. Discuss the current medical treatment plan and rationale. .<br />
7. Explain the need for regular medical monitoring and follow-up during the disease<br />
process. Discuss how treatment will be monitored (i.e., sputum, blood tests, vision<br />
screening, weight check, etc.). Encourage the patient to be an active participant in<br />
care and treatment.<br />
8. Discuss the roles <strong>of</strong> the patient (engage in treatment), the health department (case<br />
management, monitoring, contact tracing, and supervision <strong>of</strong> treatment), and the<br />
private provider (treatment and monitoring). Encourage the patient to contact the<br />
case manager for issues and problems that arise during treatment.<br />
9. Explain the risk <strong>of</strong> treatment relapse or failure and the need to complete treatment to<br />
prevent relapse.<br />
A L A S K A T U B E R C U L O S I S C O N T R O L P R O G R A M M A N U A L Patient Education 13.6<br />
Revised November 2012
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