Alaska Tuberculosis Program Manual - Epidemiology - State of Alaska
Alaska Tuberculosis Program Manual - Epidemiology - State of Alaska Alaska Tuberculosis Program Manual - Epidemiology - State of Alaska
Purpose of Tuberculosis Control Tuberculosis (TB) is caused by a bacterial organism named Mycobacterium tuberculosis. (These organisms are sometimes called tubercle bacilli.) Mycobacteria can cause a variety of diseases. Some mycobacteria are called tuberculous mycobacteria because they cause TB or diseases similar to TB. These mycobacteria are M. tuberculosis, M. bovis, and M. africanum. Other mycobacteria are called nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) because they do not cause TB. One common type of nontuberculous mycobacteria is M. avium complex. Tuberculous mycobacteria readily spread from person to person; nontuberculous mycobacteria do not usually spread from person to person. The goal of TB control in the United States is to reduce TB morbidity and mortality by preventing transmission of M. tuberculosis from persons with contagious forms of the disease to uninfected persons, and preventing progression from latent TB infection (LTBI) to active TB disease among persons who have contracted M. tuberculosis infection. 2 For information on the transmission of M. tuberculosis and on how LTBI progresses to TB disease, see the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s (CDC’s) online course Interactive Core Curriculum on Tuberculosis (2004) at http://www.cdc.gov/tb/webcourses/corecurr/index.htm . The four fundamental strategies to reduce TB morbidity and mortality are 1. early and accurate detection, diagnosis, and reporting of TB cases, leading to initiation and completion of treatment; 2. identification of contacts of patients with infectious TB and treatment of those at risk with an effective drug regimen; 3. identification of other persons with latent TB infection at risk for progression to TB disease, and treatment of those persons with an effective drug regimen; and 4. identification of settings in which a high risk exists for transmission of M. tuberculosis and application of effective infection control measures. 3 For more information on these strategies and the thinking behind them, see “Controlling Tuberculosis in the United States: Recommendations from the American Thoracic Society, CDC, and the Infectious Diseases Society of America” (MMWR 2005;54[No. RR-12]) at http://www.cdc.gov/MMWR/PDF/rr/rr5412.pdf . A L A S K A T U B E R C U L O S I S P R O G R A M M A N U A L Introduction 1.10 Revised November 2012
Alaska Statutes and Regulations on Tuberculosis Control Alaska Statutes and Regulations pertaining to the control of tuberculosis in Alaska are available in the Statutes and Regulations section of the manual 19.1. A L A S K A T U B E R C U L O S I S P R O G R A M M A N U A L Introduction 1.11 Revised November 2012
- Page 1 and 2: Alaska Tuberculosis Program Manual
- Page 3 and 4: Purpose............................
- Page 5 and 6: Monthly assessment of adherence ...
- Page 7 and 8: When to Expand a Contact Investigat
- Page 9 and 10: Introduction CONTENTS About the Ala
- Page 11 and 12: How to Use This Manual Portable Doc
- Page 13 and 14: Printing To access the print dialog
- Page 15 and 16: Abbreviations Refer to the list bel
- Page 17: QFT QuantiFERON ® -TB test QFT-G Q
- Page 21 and 22: National and State Program Objectiv
- Page 23 and 24: Indicator 3 Thorough contact invest
- Page 25 and 26: National Standards and Recommendati
- Page 27 and 28: Roles and Responsibilities Contact
- Page 29 and 30: Local Public Health Agencies Table
- Page 31 and 32: Resources and References Resources
- Page 33 and 34: Introduction Purpose Use this secti
- Page 35 and 36: Contact investigation: Collecting,
- Page 37 and 38: Reporting Tuberculosis Detecting an
- Page 39 and 40: Prompt reporting (prior to culture
- Page 41 and 42: Use the Infectious Disease Report F
- Page 43 and 44: Data Collection Forms The following
- Page 45 and 46: Genotyping Genotyping is a useful t
- Page 47 and 48: References 1 ATS, CDC, IDSA. Contro
- Page 49 and 50: Introduction Purpose Use this secti
- Page 51 and 52: child or a person acting on behalf
- Page 53 and 54: When to Conduct Targeted Testing Al
- Page 55 and 56: Alaska Program Standards for Health
- Page 57 and 58: B Notifications CONTENTS Introducti
- Page 59 and 60: Table 1: NUMBERS OF FOREIGN-BORN PE
- Page 61 and 62: chest radiograph and if sputum AFB
- Page 63 and 64: Follow-up of B1 and B2 Tuberculosis
- Page 65 and 66: Evaluation of B1, B2, and B Tubercu
- Page 67 and 68: Treatment Prescribe medications as
<strong>Alaska</strong> Statutes and Regulations<br />
on <strong>Tuberculosis</strong> Control<br />
<strong>Alaska</strong> Statutes and Regulations pertaining to the control <strong>of</strong> tuberculosis in<br />
<strong>Alaska</strong> are available in the Statutes and Regulations section <strong>of</strong> the manual<br />
19.1.<br />
A L A S K A T U B E R C U L O S I S P R O G R A M M A N U A L Introduction 1.11<br />
Revised November 2012
Change language