Once Upon A Time
Once Upon A Time
Once Upon A Time
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By GABRIEL<br />
OKARA<br />
<strong>Once</strong> <strong>Upon</strong> A <strong>Time</strong><br />
<strong>Once</strong> upon a time, son,<br />
they used to laugh with their hearts<br />
and laugh with their eyes:<br />
but now they only laugh with their teeth,<br />
while their ice-block-cold eyes<br />
search behind my shadow.<br />
There was a time indeed<br />
they used to shake hands with their hearts:<br />
but that’s gone, son.<br />
Now they shake hands without hearts:<br />
while their left hands search<br />
my empty pockets.<br />
‘Feel at home’! ‘Come again’:<br />
they say, and when I come<br />
again and feel<br />
at home, once, twice,<br />
there will be no thrice –<br />
for then I find doors shut on me.<br />
So I have learned many things, son.<br />
I have learned to wear many faces<br />
like dresses – homeface,<br />
officeface, streetface, hostface,<br />
cocktailface, with all their conforming smiles<br />
like a fixed portrait smile.<br />
And I have learned too<br />
to laugh with only my teeth<br />
and shake hands without my heart.<br />
I have also learned to say, ‘Goodbye’,<br />
when I mean ‘Good-riddance’;<br />
to say ‘Glad to meet you’,<br />
without being glad; and to say ‘It’s been<br />
nice talking to you’, after being bored.<br />
But believe me, son.<br />
I want to be what I used to be<br />
when I was like you. I want<br />
to unlearn all these muting things.<br />
Most of all, I want to relearn<br />
how to laugh, for my laugh in the mirror<br />
shows only my teeth like a snake’s bare fangs!<br />
So show me, son,<br />
how to laugh; show me how<br />
I used to laugh and smile
Pascal is often referred to as a ‘family’, forged with solid<br />
ties, working in unison with the surrounding community. As<br />
we bid a warm farewell to the graduates of 2011, we prepare<br />
to welcome new members to follow in the footsteps of their<br />
older peers who will continue to make us proud with<br />
achievements that are still to come in years that will follow.<br />
As Headmistress, I feel that our school, young as it is, has<br />
established a commendable reputation on a local but also international<br />
scale due to the dedication and commitment of<br />
teachers, heads of year groups, parents and students, of<br />
course.<br />
Honour and prowess is evoked in writing the Headmistress’<br />
Note in each edition of Pascal Insight as I am urged to look<br />
back in time but also to focus on the future. With schemes<br />
like Comenius, educational trips abroad, university visits,<br />
club days with destinations around the island, we have given<br />
a first-hand impression of the essence of Pascal Larnaka, the<br />
core of which is encapsulated within this magazine, hereby<br />
presented to you.<br />
Both the front cover and Okara’s poem deal with ageing<br />
and both suggest a loss of innocence as we evolve and<br />
adapt according to our exposure to the world surrounding<br />
us.<br />
As children we take in, absorb, observe. As adults we<br />
begin to give, influence and impact. Perhaps the focus<br />
of Pascal Insight 2010-11 is to delineate the role we, as a<br />
school community, play in each student’s path in trying<br />
to maintain the natural goodness inherent in us all, for<br />
our school is not only about learning, it is about learning<br />
how to grow.<br />
We hope that as you click through the electronic pages<br />
that follow, you will savour many of the moments captured<br />
and upon reflecting, Okara’s words may even become<br />
apparent, that our students have as much to teach<br />
us, as we have to teach them.<br />
To end, we would like to dedicate this year’s edition to<br />
all our students but in particular, to the graduating class<br />
2010-11.<br />
Chief Editor: Demos Kaoullas<br />
Assistance from Christina Karaviotou<br />
“The future belongs to those who prepare for it today”<br />
Malcom X
“<strong>Once</strong> <strong>Upon</strong> a <strong>Time</strong>” is an emotional<br />
poem about the story of a grown up<br />
man—who<br />
once was an innocent child.<br />
His adult world has lost the charm of his<br />
childhood years. The poet describes how<br />
the<br />
process of growing up transforms the innocence<br />
of childhood. After entering the<br />
adult<br />
world, the young adults will gradually<br />
forget how to “laugh with their hearts.”<br />
While growing up, the cold world intimidated<br />
our main character. He used to<br />
sense<br />
people’s insincerity and their superficial<br />
laughs, because “they only laugh[ed] with<br />
their<br />
teeth,/while their ice-block-cold eyes/<br />
search[ed] behind [his] shadow”.<br />
It is a vicious circle: once someone has<br />
entered the adult world, he will change—<br />
then<br />
change others. Our character will learn<br />
how to say things that he doesn’t really<br />
mean: “I<br />
have also learned to say, “Goodbye,”/<br />
when I mean “Goodriddance”;/to say<br />
“Glad to meet<br />
you,”/without being glad; and to say “It’s<br />
been/nice talking to you,” after being<br />
bored”<br />
Like everyone else, our main character<br />
was forced to grow up—in order to<br />
adapt to the<br />
adult world: “I have learned to wear<br />
many faces/like dresses—homeface,/<br />
officeface,<br />
streetface, hostface, cock-/tail face,<br />
with all their conforming smiles/like a<br />
fixed portrait<br />
smile”.<br />
In this selfish world, our character<br />
learned how to adapt; he adapted a little<br />
too well. He<br />
now can play the adult role without any<br />
problem.<br />
However, once he became a parent,<br />
parenthood seems to have helped him<br />
to remember<br />
the innocent world of his childhood.<br />
Because of his son, he wants to re-learn<br />
how to be<br />
sincere. His son holds the key to this<br />
old, forgotten world.<br />
What a wonderful poem! It presents in<br />
such a simple manner, such a complicated<br />
subject:<br />
the pain of growing up, and the loss of<br />
innocence.
1A<br />
1B<br />
First Row: Alexander Vikentiou, Charalambos Phokou, Alan Whittingham, Margarita Georgiadis, Ioanna<br />
Arkadiou, Donya Ebrahim, Maxwell Kilner, Lewis Jenkins, Nash Passiades.<br />
Second Row: Mrs Aspasia Manti, Maritsa Havadjia, Satya Christodoulou, Marina Koupparis, Eleni<br />
Koumi, Ifigenia Kleanthous, Frederiki Soteriou, Andrey Sesyuk, Mrs Evy Pistola.<br />
Back Row: Andreas Dinglis, Louiza Artemi, Antonia Diakou, Eleni Patsalos, Natasia Petrou, Alexander<br />
Demetriou, Adrian Demetriou, Mahan Fathi, Armand Barle, Artem Osmolovsky.<br />
First Row: Kyriakos Stylianou , Averkios Nicolaou, Constantinos Ioannou, Thekla Georgiou, Anna<br />
Savva, Marilena Papachrisodoulou, Erica Afxentiou, Kyriakos Pittas, Christodoulos Markides.<br />
Second Row: Mrs Despina Kaittani, Giorgos Savvides, Nasia Charalambous, Alexandra Taratynova,<br />
Paula Costa, Demetris Georgiou, Lazaros Pieri, Christoforos Kounes, Nicolas Tsaggaris,<br />
Mrs. Evey Pistola<br />
Back Row: Stelios Mavrides, Savvas Savva, Antreas Astraios, Christiana Lagou, Maria Manentzou,<br />
Pantelis Georgiou, Olga Stylianou, Costas Costi, Christodoulos Louvia.
1C<br />
1D<br />
First Row: Kypros Tilliros , Kousiappas Georgios ,Georgiou Michalia, Kounnas Constantinos, Michailas<br />
Anastasis ,Anastasiou Marina, Moleski Charalambia ,Demetriou Theodoros<br />
Second Row: Mr.Christoforos Alexandrou , Yiorka Stavriana , Kavalierou Marios ,Kafatari Constantinos<br />
, Procopiou Marios , Neoptolemou Vasilis , Anastasiou Panayiotis , Alambriti Loukia , Mrs.Evi Pistola<br />
Back Row: Kyriacou Thekla , Kyriacou Michaella , Michael Savvas , Damianou Kyriakos ,Antoniou Antonis<br />
, Kemitzis Michalis , Efstathiou Ioannis , Sofokleous Odysseas<br />
Absences: Paschali Maria<br />
First Row: Hadjiyianni Mikaella, Demetriou Demetra, Michaelidou Georgia, Poliviou Eleni, Cosma<br />
Paris, Avgousti Chrysanthi, Papatheocharous Ioannis, Savva Constantinos, Toumazou Ioannis,<br />
Second Row: Ms Maria Theophilou, Parperi Katerina, Popovidou Sara, Tambourla Antigoni (Noni),<br />
Efthimiou Evdokia (Efi), Nikola Christos, Theodorou Xenios, Kadi Andria, Mrs Evey Pistola<br />
Back Row: Konis Efraim, Karapitta Chrystalla, Ioulianou Christofora, Zachariou Georgia, Georgiou<br />
Nicoletta, Panayi Alexandros, Zachariou Anastasis, Orthodoxou Margarita
2A<br />
2B<br />
First Row: Koutra James, Pavlou Marios, Panayiotou Demetria, Passiadou Fiona, Stavrou Anastasios,<br />
Zingis Paris, Pavlou Georgios, Xydias Constantinos.<br />
Second Row: Mrs. Irene Petrou, Redpath Natalie, Agathokleous Marina, Hadjiyiannakou Andria, Solomonidou<br />
Rafaella, Constantinou Chrysostomos, Solomonides Andreas, Georgiou Antonis, Mr. Petros Kimitris.<br />
Back Row: Xydia Nicoletta, Timm Elliot, Sutton Joshua, Karoullas Harry, Kakoullis Anastasios, Travkin<br />
Philip, Iasonides Constantinos.<br />
First Row: Zorpides Christos, Georgiou Eleni, Elia Georgia, Costa Nicole, Kappelou Anastasia, Nicolaidou<br />
Andrea Rafaela, Kavourides Michalis.<br />
Second Row: Christoforos Alexandrou (Form Teacher), Vassiliou Stalo, Vassiliou Maria, Charalambous<br />
Sophia, Foka Andreas Georgios, Graham Savana, Evgeniou Andreas, Palate Danae, Tsappi Gavriella, Ms<br />
Irene Petrou (HOY 2).<br />
Back Row: Yiagkou Louiza, Demetriou Maria, Paschali Varvara, Kagkeli Maria, Frangou Charalambos,<br />
Agathocleous Marios.<br />
Absences:
2C<br />
2D<br />
First Row: Spanou Rafaella, Foukkari Panagiota, Alexandrou Elena, Stavrou Pantelitsa, Papoulias Yiannis,<br />
Zachariou Constantinos, Todirica Alexandros.<br />
Second Row: Miss Georgia Markadji, Marangou Elena, Kadi Kyriaki, Pirillos Panayitis, Kleopa Kleopas,<br />
Sampson Costas, Zenonos Anastasis, Christou Panayiotis, Ms Irene Petrou.<br />
Back Row: Shiantani Chrisanthi, Avraam Kalia, Foti Georgia, Sakka Nicoletta, Vrikki Nicoletta, Kittis<br />
George, Shiantanis Antonis.<br />
First Row: Michael Demetris, Panayiotou Efthymia, Andronicou Anastasia, Georgiou Georgia, Charalambous<br />
Kyriaki, Panayi Nayia, Kyriacou Lazaros.<br />
Second Row: Mrs Irene Petrou, Kafatari Iliana, Philipou Marina, Mavrou Kyriaki, Theodotou Andria, Mr<br />
Socrates Petrides.<br />
Back Row: Mouzouris Andreas, Sophocleous Andreas, Kyriacou George, Prodromou Lenos, Solomondas<br />
Leonidas.<br />
Absences: Helen Alexandrou, Stavrinos Constantinou, Demetris Demetriou, Christos Georgiou
2E<br />
3A<br />
First Row: Zenonos Loizos, Anastasiou Marianna, Christou Maria, Pelide Electra, Stavrinou Thea, Vasiliou<br />
Kyriaki, Markou Lazaros.<br />
Second Row: Mrs. Irene Petrou, Spirou Stefani, Apostolou Miranta, Charitonidou Constantina, Patziarou<br />
Maria, Koudeli Sofia, Kiriakou Korina, Pelide Christina, Nikiforou Christiana, Mrs Myrto Michaila<br />
Back Row: Petrides Evros, Ioannou Demetris, Solomou Demetris, Constantinou Nicolas, Antoniou Aggelos,<br />
Markou Stylianos, Stavrou Antonis, Efstathiou Alexandros.<br />
First Row: Stavrou Andreas, Eracleous Theodoros, Economides Andreas, Valeva Alexandrina, Michael<br />
Michelle, Venizelou Mariam, Xiourouppa Charis, Hadjiyiasemi Kyriaki.<br />
Second Row: Mr George Klokkaris, Thoma Christoforos, Mitsidou Christiana, Ourri Angelika, Hadjigeorgiou<br />
Stavri, Panayi Isabella, Antoniou Stavroulla, Alambriti Eleni, Ms Lena Mahdessian.<br />
Back Row: Anastasi Petros, Valeev Marat, Shiantanis Antonis, Xiourouppas Michalis, Matsangos Rafael,<br />
Zakheos Antonis, Graham Curtis, Shariari Arad.<br />
Absences: Georgiadis Ioanna, Lappas Charalambos.
3B<br />
3C<br />
First Row: Athanasiou Vassiliki, Pashiourtidou Anna, Liperi Loukia, Kontos Panayiotis, Francis Lina,<br />
Papamichael Joanne, Yiallouros Antonis.<br />
Second Row: Mr. George Klokkaris, Alexandrou Christiana, Kavourides Katerina, Perikli Anastasia,<br />
Maouri Chrystalla, Michael Paraskevi, Ogden Emma, Panayiotou Nikolas, Koumi Yiannis, Ms Christina<br />
Karaviotou.<br />
Back Row: Savva Savvas, Savva Stylianos, Solomou Miltos, Spanoudis Yiannis, Nicolaou Andreas, Takkas<br />
George, Anastasiou Panayiotis, Kemitzis Nicholas, Savvides Yiannakis.<br />
Absences: Mavromatis Michalis.<br />
First Row: Mouzouris George, Andronikou Andronikos, Mavrolefterou Andrea, Stavrou Kyriaki,Elefthriou<br />
Evdokia, Papadopoulou Panayiota, Pitta Anna, Konnari Vicky.<br />
Second Row: Fokas Zacharias, Kalli Marina, Papakyriakou George, Markou Markos, Nonis Stavros,<br />
Antoniou Melina, Aresti Maria, Ms Maria Anastasiou.<br />
Back Row: Mr George Klokkaris, Charous Andreas, Nicolaou Michael, Konatzi Efthymia, Ppasias<br />
Panayiotis, Hadjimatheou Konstantinos, Fouli Vassiliki, Themistokleous Marios, Shambellas Panayioyis,<br />
Charalambous Theodosis.<br />
Absences: Thoupou Christina, Anastasiou Elena.
3D<br />
3E<br />
First Row: Mr George Klokkaris, Stephanou Fotini, Theodorou Kyriaki, Polydorou Nikoletta , Tsikkos<br />
Andreas , Loucaidou Stefanie , Kakoulli Stella , Yerolemou Tonia , Kounnas Kyriakos .<br />
Second Row: Kyriakou Marios , Efraim Elena , Prastiti Andrea , Moyseos Maria , Nicolaou Irene-<br />
Chrysovalanto , Kyprianou Theodora , Kyriakou Katerina , Michael Irene , Ms Lyghia– Christina Jeronymides.<br />
Back Row: Andreou Elina , Papamoyseos Moysis , Nicolaides Giorgos , Savva Andreas , Christou Vasilis,<br />
Andreou Panayiotis , Nicolaides Alexandros , Charalambous Maria .<br />
Absences: Papacosta Avgousta, Loizou Natalie.<br />
First Row: Efthimiou Loukia , Patsalou Elena , Alexandrou Sotiris , Ioannou Georgia , Christofides Kyriakos<br />
, Solomou Christodoulos .<br />
Second Row: Mr George Klokkaris, Constantinou Constantinos , Soteriou Gavriella, Nathanael Kalia ,<br />
Theodorou Lambros, Panayi Thanasis, Vasiliou Vasilis, Ms Barbara Kounna.<br />
Back Row: Malathoura Fotini, Georgiou Maria, Mallourides Constantinos, Christoforou Demetris, Psaras<br />
Nicolas, Koukakis Nicolas, Demou Demetris.<br />
Absences: Evangelou Chrisanthi, Athanasiou Kalliopi, Spyrou Kyriakos, Eleftheriou Andria.
4A<br />
4B<br />
First Row: Iacovou George, Koumandari Vassilia, Andreas Andreou, Tatarian Pailag, Georgiou Demetra,<br />
Clark Hayley, Panayiotou Marina, Timm Benjamin<br />
Second Row: Stylianou Andreas, Eftychiou Achilleas, Ketsbaia Lida, Sutton Sam, Sandlers Georgiys<br />
Back Row: Samouride Margarita, Georgiou Antreas, Sisou Varnavas, Petrou Stelios, Porfyriou Stephani,<br />
Marottou Stephania, Jenkins Jack<br />
Absences: Bothe Abbey, Joannou Jennifer, Cavendish Caomhe, Djurovic Iva, Kazantzis George, Petrou<br />
Stylini<br />
First Row: Costi Kyriaki, Georgiou Terpsichori, Aristides Yiannos, Costa Eleni, Zimboulaki Danae,<br />
Kasapis Stavros, Foukkari Loizos, Tingis Sophia, Nooraei Mona<br />
Second Row:Mrs Athanasiou Panayiota, Papachristodoulou Andreas, Theodosi Mariana, Kotsapas Christina,<br />
Christou Stella, Xiourouppa Despina, Nicolaou Sergis, Hadjikakou Costas, Mrs Maria Evangelidou<br />
Back Row: Parperi Savvas, Alexandrou George, Harris Sophie , Smith Chelsea, Hadjittoouli Nicolas,<br />
Demetriou Sergios, Georgiou Panayiotis<br />
Absences: Zachariou Elena
4C<br />
4D<br />
First Row: Agathokleous Vasilia, Ioakim Eleni, Ioannou Panayiota, Sergi Maria, Kekkou Christina, Loizou<br />
Anna, Frangou Elli, Athanasiou Irene, Koshi Andriani, Erotokritou Antonia, Mrs Maria Evangelidou<br />
Second Row: Ms Stella Charalambous, Adamou Andreas, Hadjimitsi Fivos, Alexandrou Panayiotis, Andreou<br />
Theodoros, Mavri Evgenios<br />
Back Row: Demetriou Pavlos, Kyriacou Vasilis, Marangos Christos, Christoforou Timotheos, Pelides<br />
Constantinos, Konomou Petros, Zachariou Minas, Tofias Haris<br />
First Row: Evangelou Elias, Avraam Marisa, Parpouna Vasia, Pafiti Constantina, Kyrpianou Ioanna, Antoniou<br />
Chrystalla, Kitsiou Constantinos, Kounnas E. Anastasis<br />
Second Row: Ms.Zena Alambriti, Michael Michalis, Frangoudes Demetris, Hadjiandoni Pantelitsa, Theodorou<br />
Irene, Skalioti Anna, Varnava Charalambos, Mandridis Kleitos, Mrs. Maria Evangelidou<br />
Back Row: Amirotos Christos, Efstathiou Efstathios, Ioannou Elias, Koudelis Antonis, Panayiotou Panayiotis,<br />
Xiourouppa Pantelis, Gregoriades Constantinos, Ambiza Melinos
4E<br />
5A<br />
First Row: Anastasiou Eleni, Papapanayiotou Elana ,Challouma Andry, Kassianou Marietta , Charalambous<br />
Louiza, Kyriacou Eleni, Hadjivassili Alexandra, Solomou Andreas<br />
Second Row:Mr. Marios Thoma, Philippou Maria, Adamou Irene, Stavride Evanthia, Hadjiconstantinou<br />
Demetris, Petrou Maria, Kanelis Rafael, Mrs. Maria Evangelidou<br />
Back Row: Neokleous Neoklis, Kyriacou Andreas, Chrysaphi Kristianna, Michael Anastasis, Stylianou<br />
Ioannis, Hadjiconstanti Andreas, Matsoukas Demetris, Christoforou Aristodemos, Christou Theofilos<br />
First Row: Mosfili Andria, Zachariou Fodini, Havadja Chrystalla, Shanina Alexandra, Christodoulou<br />
Georgia, Flouri Magdalena Krolikowaska, Bothe Cassidy<br />
Second Row: Demetriou Andreas, Demetriou Maria, Georgiou Giorgos, Kounna Irene, Manoli Marios, Ms<br />
Eleni Malla<br />
Back Row: Petrou Papi, Michalis Challoumas, Hadjichristou Constantinos, Zaouras Panayiotis, Tingis<br />
Alexandros, Kavelis Zacharias, Apostolou Yiannis<br />
Absences: Zachariou Christina
5B<br />
5C<br />
First Row: Kleanthous Eleftherios, Kyprianou George, Assioti Savina, Lambrou Sophia, Psara Doinitsa,<br />
Kounna Chrystalla, Savva Michaella, Elia Despo<br />
Second Row: Mrs. Ioannou Eleni, David Patricia, Andronicou Theodora, Hadjiconstnti Kyriaki, Sidarok<br />
Krystina, Christofi Katerina, Georgiou Rafael, Mrs. Maria Ioannou<br />
Back Row:Kldiashvili Konstantin, Kldiashvili Kirill, Andreou Rafael, Kysela Petros, Menelaou Marios.<br />
Patsalos Kyriakos, Kyriakou Michalis<br />
First Row: Savva Sotiris, Pavlou Chrystalla, Charalambous Maria, Michael Christianna, Poulli Natali,<br />
Vasiliou Rafaela, Eftychiou Christianna, Kostikki Demetra<br />
Second Row: Eleni Ioannou, Koumantaris George, Pavlou Anna, Petrides Alkeos, Ellinas Danae,<br />
Demetriou Constantinos, Zourides George, Stylianou Zacharias, Kounnas Epiphanios, Sakkas Georgia,<br />
Apostolou Angela<br />
Back Row: Michael Antonis, Lappas Demetris, Alambritis Savvas, Zachariou Andreas, Manentzou Sokratis,<br />
Panayiotou George, Pasialountas Michalis, Charalambous Toumazos
5D<br />
6A<br />
First Row: Tanos Christos, Eracleous Nicoletta, Stavrou Varvara, Makri Theodora, Constantinou Antri,<br />
Gennadiou Michaella, Nicola Christina, Papoulias Emmanuel, Charalambous Nicholas<br />
Second Row: Mrs. Eleni Ioannou, Ioannou Lucy, Kekkou Rafaela, Issa Stella, Papageorgiou Elena,<br />
Timotheou Stavros, Zinonos Christoforos, Miss Maria Kkimitri<br />
Back Row: Challoumas Alexandros, Pelides Constantinos, Valiantis Demetris, Louca Andreas, Pa<br />
pacostas, Kyriacos, Hadjimatheou Giannis, Orphanides Giorgos, Vasiliou Stelios<br />
First Row: Ebrahim Sara, Xiourouppa Andri, Neophytou Elia, Kyriakou Maria, Christodoulou Irene,<br />
Mrs Evrilia Kayia.<br />
Second Row: Artemiou Panayiotis, Chasapis Yiannis, Georgallides Leonidas, Georgiou Pavlos, Pavlidou<br />
Maria,<br />
Back Row: Mr Michalis Ellinas, Mannouris Georgios, Valeev Marcel, Georgiou Christopher, Karaolis<br />
George, Andreou Andreas, Demetriou Demetris, Michael Critchley Spencer, Challoumas<br />
Michalis.<br />
Absences: Joannou Krystie, Kazamia Gavriella, Kotsapas Paraskevi, Koutsofta Nicole, Petrou Jack,<br />
Petrou Nicolletta, Hadjicostantinou Georgia.
6B<br />
6C<br />
First Row: Matsangou Anastasia, Santi Andrea, Loucatzie Irene, Karagiorgi Elizabeth, Symeou Kallistheni,<br />
Palate Kleopas<br />
Second Row: Mrs Frangesca Frangou, Theodorou Andreas, Shadarevian Demetra, Damianou Valentinos,<br />
Phokou Theophanis, Michael Marios, Mrs Evrilia Kiayia<br />
Back Row: Hadjisavas Georgios, Demetriou Christos, Papamichael Illane, Sergiou Sergios, Critchley<br />
Alex<br />
Absences: Pougioukka Constantinos, Demetriou Demetris, Samourides Andreas<br />
First Row: Theodorou Anastasia, Zimboulaki Faviola, Zinonos Niki, Christofidi Antri, Iacovou Marilena,<br />
Erotokritou Despo<br />
Second Row: Demetriou Gregoris, Toumazou Myrofora,Louka Thekli, Karagiorgi Marios, Athanasiou<br />
Charalambos, Kyriacou George, Marinou Marinos, Panayi Theocharis, Evrilia Kiayia<br />
Back Row: Patsalos Andreas, Georgiou Demetris, Alambritis Michalis, Ioulianou Andreas,<br />
Iakovou Anastasis, Sofokleous Andreas, Andronicou Michalis<br />
Absences: Iacovou Iacovina, Monoyios Christodoulos, Neophytou Andreas, Pittarides Gregoris,
From left to right:<br />
First Row: Andri Pentari, George Georgiadis, Marios Hadjivasiliou, Despina Lioliou, Costas<br />
Costa, Soterios Panayi.<br />
Second Row: Thegla Papastavrou, Stella Charalambous, Christina Thomaidou Pavlidou,<br />
Despina Kaittani, Christina Karaviotou, Maria Zingi, Maria Kkimitri, Denise Evgeniou, Irene<br />
Petrou, Aggela Venizelou, Eleni Ioannou, Michalis Ellinas<br />
Third Row: Eleni Christodoulou, Constantia Papamarkou, Georgia Markadji, Barvara<br />
Kounna, Lyghia-Christina Jeronymides, Maria Evangelidou, Joanna Panayi, Zena Alambritis,<br />
Andri Stavrou, Socratis Petrides.<br />
Fourth Row: Frangesca Frangou, Panayiota Demetriou, Maria Anastasiou, Lena Mahdessian,<br />
Myrto Michailas, Maria Ioannou, Eleni Malla, Marios Thoma, George Klokkaris, Andri<br />
Louca.<br />
Back Row: Gregoris Demetriou, Andrea Myriantopoulou, Constantina Constantinou, Angela<br />
Apostolou, Panayiota Athanasiou, Evey Pistola, Evrilia Kiayia, Demosthenis Kaoullas,<br />
Petros Kimitris, Michael Hielschler, Christoforos Alexandrou, Elpidoforos Anastasiou.<br />
Absences: Elias Kamaratos, Andros Avraam, Maria Theophilou, Andrea Andreou, Iliana<br />
Tsiapou, Elina Zevrou, Anna Shipettaris.
The Archery Club this year was held differently<br />
to previous<br />
years. Students of<br />
all classes who truly<br />
wished to learn to<br />
shoot a bow were<br />
invited to enrol in<br />
and train after school from 2-3:30 every<br />
Tuesday.<br />
The few, but dedicated<br />
athletes<br />
showed great improvement<br />
during<br />
the course of the<br />
year, testimony to<br />
which are the medals<br />
they have received at tournaments held<br />
by the Cyprus Archery Federation.<br />
Specifically, the athletes that distinguished<br />
themselves, are<br />
Lefteris Kleanthous<br />
(form 5), Michalis<br />
Michail (form 5), Costas<br />
Hadjicakou (form<br />
4), Christoforos<br />
Thoma (form 3) and Alexandra Taratynova<br />
(form 1).<br />
Congratulations to them all and wishes for<br />
an even better championship year next<br />
year!<br />
Club Leaders: Elias Kamaratos<br />
The PASCAL English School Larnaka Art<br />
Club, for the academic year<br />
2010-2011 aimed for another<br />
exciting year of creative art activities.<br />
The young art club enthusiasts<br />
were challenged to construct<br />
their own marionette puppets on<br />
string. With modelling clay, paint, fabric,<br />
feather and other various art materials, the outcome<br />
was exceptionally creative.<br />
One of the club days focused<br />
on lino printing,<br />
where the students had the<br />
opportunity to print their<br />
designs on paper and fabric<br />
which were later on sewn<br />
into lavender scented<br />
miniature pillows.<br />
Art Club members also constructed Christmas<br />
Charity Fundraising Ornaments.<br />
Every single little craft<br />
was sold!<br />
On the 4 th Art club day, a<br />
guest drama therapist, Roula<br />
Demetriou was invited to conduct the session.<br />
The aim…. for students to<br />
experience and comprehend<br />
a different conceptual<br />
self awareness of art<br />
and body movement; a<br />
means by which a self restricted<br />
barrier was broken<br />
down encouraging the students to become<br />
more expressive and confident.<br />
Club Leaders: Rodoula Anastasiou and<br />
Anna Shepettari
Club Leaders:<br />
Soterios Panayi, Giorgos Klokkaris<br />
Members: 15<br />
The aim of the club was to teach the basics<br />
of the game of Basketball to the<br />
students of PES Larnaca.<br />
Students<br />
that registered<br />
for the<br />
club took<br />
part in learning<br />
how to<br />
shoot, dribble<br />
and defend<br />
within<br />
the rules of<br />
Basketball<br />
while teachers<br />
made an effort to teach students<br />
how to be part of a team and how to<br />
take advantage of their skills in order to<br />
achieve the goal of winning a game of<br />
Basketball.<br />
During the 6 club days, members visited<br />
the Larnaca Kinotiko Center, where they<br />
were provided with a basketball court by<br />
the Cyprus Sports Organisation. This<br />
gave them the chance to practice every<br />
aspect surrounding the game in a secure<br />
environment, with a realistic impression<br />
of how it feels to participate in a real<br />
basketball game.<br />
Students seemed to enjoy the time<br />
spent on learning the fundamentals of<br />
basketball and really had fun. The club<br />
coordinators were pleased with the behaviour<br />
and enthusiasm and promised<br />
that they would keep the club running<br />
for the following academic year!<br />
The aim of the club<br />
was to en- hance<br />
team spirit to students,<br />
help them develop bowling techniques<br />
and also compete with each<br />
other while at the same time, have fun!<br />
We had 35<br />
members<br />
in our club.<br />
During the<br />
6 club days<br />
we have<br />
visited the<br />
K max<br />
Bowling<br />
centre and Rock N’ Bowl (in Dekelia<br />
road) three times .<br />
Students<br />
spent their<br />
time playing<br />
and enjoying<br />
games.<br />
Club Leaders:<br />
Georgia Markadji, Lena Mahdessian,<br />
Eleni Mala
Aim of club:<br />
The aim of this club<br />
was to make students<br />
aware of the existence<br />
of other cultural and<br />
religious sites and monuments in the town<br />
of Larnaca. The visit inspired a multicultural<br />
spirit that students should have when<br />
attending an International World School.<br />
Approximately there are 15 students in our<br />
club.<br />
Club day No2:<br />
Visit to Aradippou<br />
Municipality and<br />
Larnaca Police Station<br />
Club day No1: Visit to<br />
Angeloktisti Church and<br />
Hala Sultan Tekke<br />
Club day No3: Larnaca Firestation and<br />
EAC<br />
Club day No4:<br />
Pierides Museum, Ayios<br />
Lazaros church,<br />
Larnaca’s castle<br />
Club day No5: Ormideia<br />
Animal shelter<br />
Club day No6: Aradippou Dog Shelter<br />
Club Leaders : Andri Stavrou and<br />
Thekla Papastavrou<br />
The aim of the Dance<br />
Club was to develop the<br />
dancing skills of students<br />
in different genres<br />
such as Hip Hop, Break,<br />
Latin and Greek.<br />
On each club day, students<br />
visited Mambo<br />
Dance School and<br />
learned a different<br />
dance.<br />
The club leaders are Eleni Christodoulou<br />
and Christina Thomaides Pavlides,<br />
with approximately 26 members, mainly<br />
girls.<br />
All members really enjoyed the grooves and<br />
were eager to learn a new steps at every<br />
session
THIS CLUB WAS EXCLUSIVE TO OUR GRADUATING YEAR 6 STUDENTS AND<br />
OUR AIM WAS TO GIVE THEM WHAT THEY WANTED!<br />
THEY WANTED SOMETHING DIFFERENT SO ON THE FIRST CLUB DAY, THE<br />
‘ESC’ CLUB LEADERS CALLED THEIR BLUFF BY GOING CLIFF JUMPING AT<br />
THE SPECTACULAR CAPE GRECO SITE. SOON AFTER, WE HIKED TO KON-<br />
NOS BEACH, GIVING TIME FOR ADRENALINE TO RETURN TO NORMAL LEV-<br />
ELS!<br />
ON THE SECOND DAY, WE TOOK THE SIX FORMERS TO<br />
ALETHRICO WHERE THEY CHALLENGED TEACHERS AND<br />
PEERS TO A PAINTBALL BATTLE...THEY PROVED RUTHLESS IN<br />
ATTACK AND TOOK NO PRISONERS.<br />
OUR FOLLOWING SESSION WAS TO ‘K.O’ GYM IN ARADIPPOU. STUDENTS<br />
LEARNED BASIC MUAY THAI AND JUJITSU TECHNIQUES. THEY ALSO<br />
LEARNED NO TO TAKE ON MR GREGORIS FROM THE SCIENCE DEPART-<br />
MENT WHO SOON HAD THEM SUBMITTING, FACE DOWN ON THE COLD,<br />
GRIMY MATS.<br />
OTHER CLUB DAYS INCLUDED VISITING THE SANTA MARINA RETREAT<br />
WHICH OFFERED INDOOR CLIMBING STRUCTURES, A GOLF RANGE, A TOUR<br />
AROUND THE FIELDS AND HORSE RIDING. AT THIS EVENT, EVEN THE<br />
COACH DRIVER FOUND IT DIFFICULT TO KEEP UP WITH THE PACE.<br />
WE CHILLED OUT AT ‘KOT’ BEACH FOR THE FINAL DAY AND PLAYED EX-<br />
TREME VOLLEY BALL, IN EXTREMELY NICE CONDITIONS AND HAD AN EX-<br />
TREMELY GREAT TIME!<br />
NEEDLESS TO SAY, THERE WERE SOME PUPILS WHO OPTED NOT TO TAKE<br />
PART (COULDN’T HANDLE IT) IN SOME OF THESE SESSIONS. PERHAPS<br />
BOARD GAMES WOULD BE MORE FITTING FOR THEM, IF THERE WAS A NEXT<br />
TIME. THOSE THAT WERE WILLING AND THOSE THAT WERE GAME, WILL<br />
HAVE MANY MOMENTS TO REMEMBER. IN ANY CASE, WE WISH THE<br />
GRADUATES OF 2011 THE VERY BEST IN THEIR POST PASCAL ENDEAV-<br />
OURS.<br />
CLUB LEADERS: PETROS KIMITRS, GREGORIS DEMETRIOU, ELPIDOFOROS<br />
ANASTASIOU, DEMOS KAOULLAS, PANAGIOTA ATHANASIOU
Fitness<br />
Name of club: “Fitness Explosion”<br />
Aim of the club: The aim of the ‘fitness explosion’<br />
club was to combine sports activities<br />
along with music entertainment. Students joining<br />
us, came in their Pascal PE kit and chose<br />
between gym, step aerobics classes (assisted<br />
by Mrs Andri Louca), or even futsal games.<br />
Club Leaders: Andri<br />
Louca and Maria<br />
Kkimitri<br />
Members: 35-40 students<br />
Description of club’s activities: During club<br />
days we visited a local gym in Larnaca, where<br />
students used the facilities<br />
for about an<br />
hour, and then anyone<br />
interested joined Mrs<br />
Andri with her step<br />
aerobics session,<br />
which usually lasted for<br />
about 40-45 minutes. A<br />
lunch break was mandatory, so after exhausting<br />
exercise we relaxed at the stadium’s cafeteria!<br />
Feedback from students:<br />
There has been<br />
very positive and encouraging<br />
feedback<br />
from the students involved<br />
in the fitness<br />
club, as they had the<br />
opportunity this year to take part in activities<br />
that were not offered in previous years. Most<br />
of the members of the club are well into sports<br />
and gym practices so for them it was really<br />
something they enjoyed doing.
We wanted to teach students<br />
to appreciate nature and cultural<br />
historical sites so we<br />
took to the outdoors. These<br />
are some of the outstanding<br />
sites we took in.<br />
Places we Visited:<br />
Stavrovouni<br />
Seacaves<br />
Nature reserve in Germasogia<br />
Chirokitia & The Old Serai<br />
Spilia Tis Athasias<br />
...sometimes, words<br />
just aren’t enough...
This year the horse-riding<br />
was under the guidance<br />
of Ms. Angela Apostolou<br />
and Ms. Christina<br />
Karaviotou. The club’s<br />
aim was to introduce students to the grace<br />
and beauty of the equestrian sport.<br />
All club days were spent<br />
at the Salt Lake Stables<br />
i n<br />
Dromolaxia where the<br />
staff not only guided<br />
and taught our students<br />
how to ride but also how<br />
to groom and care for the horses.<br />
The highlight of the year was the Gymkhana<br />
organized by the<br />
staff on our last club<br />
day where the students<br />
competed in many fun<br />
activities.<br />
The Jamming club was created to assemble<br />
both school choir and school band in to one ensemble.<br />
In order for a student to become a member of<br />
this club, they had to pass an audition where<br />
his/her talent was presented.<br />
Each member has a musical talent and the<br />
whole club consists of 14 members: singers,<br />
guitarists, violinists, bouzouki players, drummers<br />
and pianists.<br />
The aim of the club was to prepare for upcoming<br />
school events such as national celebrations,<br />
Christmas, Valentine’s Day etc.<br />
Besides preparing for school events, students<br />
had the opportunity to perform their own music<br />
choices as a group and exchange musical ideas<br />
regarding different musical genres. They have<br />
learned how to improvise music and realised<br />
how much work needs to be dedicated in order<br />
for a musical group to be successful.<br />
They also had the opportunity to visit a local<br />
radio station allowing them to talk on the air<br />
about their club activities and their school.<br />
According to some club members the Jamming<br />
club has motivated and encouraged them to expand<br />
their musical interests. New ideas have<br />
been proposed for future club activities on and<br />
off school grounds which are going to be considered.<br />
Club leaders: Andreas Avraam<br />
Andrea Andreou
Jewellery<br />
The Jewellery Making Club was formed<br />
mainly for girls.<br />
We wanted to show the students simple,<br />
clever and cheap ways to make their<br />
own jewellery by using different techniques,<br />
tools and material.<br />
Students who chose the club gained not<br />
only knowledge on how to create trendy,<br />
cheap and beautiful jewellery for themselves<br />
or friends, but also enjoyed every<br />
minute of it.<br />
Irene Petrou was the leader of the<br />
Club and Elina Zervou and Maria Anastasiou<br />
were the teachers who offered<br />
their valuable help. Our Club accommodated<br />
22 wonderful ladies.<br />
Mosaic<br />
This year, the Mosaics<br />
Club students<br />
worked with Ms.<br />
Varvara Kounnas<br />
and Ms. Denise<br />
Evgeniou on various projects where<br />
they decorated artifacts<br />
like mirrors,<br />
photo frames, tissue<br />
boxes and coasters<br />
to create some<br />
lovely work for their<br />
personal use.<br />
The first club day<br />
involved students<br />
visiting Helen’s Art<br />
Studio where they<br />
were shown how to<br />
cut tiles with the special cutters, how<br />
to glue and create designs on wood.<br />
The following club<br />
days were spent<br />
working on projects,<br />
grouting and shining<br />
the finished products
The aim of the photography club was to<br />
teach students the basics of photographic<br />
composition, lightning, photographing people,<br />
a s well as<br />
e s - sentials<br />
of im- age manipulation<br />
a n d correction<br />
using A d o b e<br />
P h o - toshop.<br />
M r . E l i a s<br />
Kamaratos,<br />
Ms Andri Pendari and Ms Constantia<br />
Papamarkou ran the club and they much<br />
enjoyed the opposrtunity<br />
of working with the students and showing<br />
eachother the ins and outs of digital<br />
photography.<br />
There were approximately 15 students who<br />
took an interest in this club and as well as<br />
taking pictures around the school on the five<br />
club days they also went on a trip to Faros<br />
when the weather improved in April.<br />
At Faros students took pictures of the lighthouse<br />
and the sea while at the same time<br />
enjoyed the sunny day on the beach.<br />
On the last club<br />
d a y students<br />
worked on Photoshop<br />
stitching<br />
their photos<br />
t o - gether to<br />
form a c o l l a g e<br />
of their photos of<br />
t h e previous<br />
club days.<br />
Included are some these collages created by<br />
the Photography club of 2010-2011.<br />
Our club was not only entertaining but also<br />
very productive as each and every student has<br />
managed to get a PADI certificate for open<br />
water.<br />
The first<br />
lessons<br />
were about<br />
learning<br />
the theory<br />
and applying<br />
it in<br />
swimming<br />
pools.<br />
Later on<br />
we went<br />
diving at<br />
sea in<br />
Protara.<br />
Everyb<br />
o d y<br />
enjoyed<br />
it and<br />
had fun!
AIM OF CLUB: To improve students’ swimming<br />
techniques and to<br />
introduce them to life saving<br />
skills in the water. The<br />
first two club days were<br />
spent practicing swimming<br />
skills such as entering<br />
the pool correctly, refining<br />
swimming strokes and turns.<br />
On the third day we<br />
found ourselves at the<br />
L i f e<br />
Saving<br />
Unit in<br />
L a r -<br />
naca’s Marina where the<br />
students enjoyed an interesting<br />
talk by three Life<br />
Saving Instructors.<br />
We carried on with a practical session on life<br />
saving skills on our 4 th day when students<br />
practiced on each other. Our 5 th day was<br />
spent at the ΓΣΖ stadium as part of the<br />
school’s sport day activities. We had great<br />
fun on our last splash in the pool where the<br />
students competed with each other in games.<br />
Club Leaders: Marios Thoma, Aspasia<br />
Manti, Lyghia Jeronymides<br />
GIRLS SELF DEFENCE<br />
Many people think of selfdefence<br />
as a karate kick to<br />
the groin or jab to the eyes<br />
of an attacker.<br />
But self<br />
-defence actually means<br />
doing everything possible<br />
to avoid fighting someone<br />
who threatens or attacks<br />
you. Self-defence is all<br />
about using your smarts,<br />
not your fists. But if you cannot avoid a fight,<br />
learn at least how to enjoy it!<br />
T h i s<br />
year we<br />
had 26<br />
girls<br />
w h o<br />
really<br />
enjoyed and learned lots of<br />
techniques and this is the program<br />
that we followed throughout<br />
the year:<br />
1 st Club Day – GSZ Stadium -<br />
Judo<br />
2 nd Club Day – GSZ Stadium -<br />
Judo<br />
3rd Club Day – Barbarian Gym – Kick Boxing<br />
4 th Club Day – Barbarian<br />
Gym – Kick Boxing-yoga<br />
5 th Club Day – Aspida<br />
Team – Brazilian Jiu Jitsu<br />
6 th Club Day – GSZ Stadium<br />
- Judo<br />
Club Leaders: Despina Kaitani, Stella-<br />
Charalambous
Hello, we are<br />
Also known as the ‘Ping-Pong’ club, Table Tennis<br />
Maria- is a new club within the grounds of Pascal English<br />
Christina Zingi and School Larnaka. Its club leaders are Mr Michalis<br />
Christoforos<br />
Ellinas and Mr Sokratis Petrides who are respon-<br />
Alexandrou<br />
and we are responsible for the Tennis Club.<br />
sible for developing this new sport in school. The<br />
main aim of the club is to teach members the basic<br />
Our aims for the club<br />
rules and techniques of the game and hopefully<br />
were to teach our mem-<br />
help them learn how to play.<br />
bers how to play tennis<br />
and to teach them basic<br />
It is important to note that there was a great response<br />
for joining the club and we managed to<br />
techniques and hopefully we may have a Ten-<br />
serve the interest of around 50 pupils. Club activinis<br />
Club in the future that can compete with<br />
ties were held on school premises during the six<br />
other schools.<br />
club days. Two fully equipped rooms were created<br />
in order to serve the club’s needs in which table<br />
tennis rules and techniques were successfully<br />
We have had six club days<br />
taught and various in-school tournaments organ-<br />
during which we taught the<br />
ized.<br />
children how to use the ten-<br />
nis racquet<br />
At last, it is important to stress the fact that most of<br />
correctly and techniques in<br />
the students were highly satisfied with the creation<br />
both forehand and back-<br />
of this new club and therefore we managed to rehand<br />
strokes. Members also<br />
ceive positive feedback which was encouraging in<br />
had a chance to learn the service, volley, slice helping us to decide on its running the following<br />
and how to topspin the<br />
academic year.<br />
ball.<br />
All these skills were<br />
taught and practiced dur-<br />
ing our club days and on our last day we held<br />
a tournament where the students competed
As club leaders we were aiming to<br />
show our students what goes on behind<br />
closed curtains and what it takes<br />
to put on a production.<br />
There were 15<br />
members in our<br />
club who showed<br />
enthusiasm and<br />
genuine interest in<br />
the whole process,<br />
which can be exciting and extremely<br />
rewarding though laborious at times.<br />
During the six-day clubs programme,<br />
the following occurred:<br />
Actor-producer, Mr Xenios<br />
Xenofontos visited<br />
us on school premises<br />
and spoke to us about<br />
the whole industry surrounding<br />
theatre in Cyprus.<br />
Acting coach Mrs Flora<br />
Charalambous Pasavva<br />
gave our members lessons<br />
and showed us<br />
how to use make up to<br />
achieve a more mature<br />
look. She also showed<br />
us how to form realistically<br />
gruesome wounds. It goes without<br />
saying that students enjoyed these<br />
sessions.<br />
CLUB LEADERS: ANGELA VENIZELOU AND<br />
ELENI IOANNOU<br />
fitness.<br />
‘Yoga’ means union between<br />
the mind, body<br />
and soul. It is the perfect<br />
way to ensure overall<br />
health and physical<br />
The aim of the club is to help members<br />
to create a balance between the body<br />
and the mind, and to accomplish all of<br />
the above.<br />
In all, there were ten<br />
members, and the club<br />
leaders are Evrilia<br />
Kiaya and Maria Evangelidou.<br />
During club days we visited<br />
a yoga studio where<br />
our students were<br />
taught different postures<br />
and exercises from an<br />
excellent teacher.<br />
They loved it and most<br />
of them will continue<br />
practicing yoga, as<br />
they found it really interesting.
The second of our two-year Comenius project involving schools from Germany,<br />
Finland, Denmark, Turkey, Slovenia, France and Cyprus started with Mr Elias<br />
Kamaratos and Mrs Maria Anastasiou taking Raphael Matsangos and Stella<br />
Kakoulli of from 3 on a memorable trip to Germany. Visits to an open cut coal<br />
mine, a glass factory and the Berlin wall stood out during this trip.<br />
In February Mrs Denise Evgeniou and Ms Despina Kaittani travelled to Slovenia<br />
with Elina Andreou and Tonia Yerolemou also of form 3. Although it was very cold<br />
it remains an unforgettable experience for all as warm friendships were forged.<br />
The Comenius Project drew to a close in April when Mr. Kamaratos and five students<br />
Charalambos Lappas, Joanna Georgiadis, Chrysanthi Evangelou, Christina<br />
Thoupou and Kallia Athanasiou boarded a flight to Helsinki, Finland. It was the beginning<br />
of spring and the ice in bay of Helsinki was just beginning to melt. This<br />
didn’t stop Charalambos however, from diving into the frozen waters after coming<br />
out of a hot sauna. During the closing concert Joanna mesmerized the students<br />
teachers and parents by singing at the closing concert.<br />
Workshops, concerts and educational visits were in the programme for all the<br />
Comenius trips and much credit must<br />
go to the organizers for doing a<br />
wonderful job as to the hosting families<br />
who made all students feel welcome<br />
and at home.<br />
The Comenius Project is a wonderful<br />
opportunity for students and teachers<br />
to make new friends and meet<br />
new cultures. We look forward to<br />
participating in more such projects in<br />
the future.
THE HE GLASS<br />
LASS MENAGERIE<br />
ENAGERIE<br />
THE<br />
Date: 23rd March 2011<br />
This year, PASCAL English School Larnaka put on the theatrical play, ‘The<br />
Glass Menangerie’ with great success. On the 23 rd of May, the Founder’s Theatre<br />
was full to the brim with spectators waiting to watch this magical performance.<br />
Our actors were fantastic and got rave reviews. They included, Sergios<br />
Sergiou, Irene Christodoulou, Mariam Venizelou, Andreas Sophokleous, Georgia<br />
Hadjiconstantionou. Other students that played an important role in the<br />
making, are Michaella Gennadiou, Barbara Paschali, Stella Issa and Savvas<br />
Alambritis. Back Stage hands were George Karaolis and Faviola Zimboulakis.<br />
THE GLASS MENAGERIE is a memory play, and its action is<br />
drawn from the memories of the narrator, Tom Wingfield. Tom<br />
is a character in the play, which is set in St. Louis in 1937. He is<br />
an aspiring poet who toils in a shoe warehouse to support his<br />
mother, Amanda, and sister, Laura. Mr. Wingfield, Tom and<br />
Laura’s father, ran off years ago and, except for one postcard, has<br />
not been heard from since.<br />
Amanda, originally from a genteel Southern family, regales her<br />
children frequently with tales of her idyllic youth and the scores<br />
of suitors who once pursued her. She is disappointed that Laura,<br />
who wears a brace on her leg and is painfully shy, does not attract<br />
any gentlemen callers. She enrols Laura in a business college,<br />
hoping that she will make her own and the family’s fortune<br />
through a business career. Weeks later, however, Amanda discovers<br />
that Laura’s crippling shyness has led her to drop out of<br />
the class secretly and spend her days wandering the city alone.<br />
Amanda then decides that Laura’s last hope must lie in marriage<br />
and begins selling magazine subscriptions to earn the extra<br />
money she believes will help to attract suitors for Laura. Meanwhile,<br />
Tom, who loathes his warehouse job, finds escape in liquor,<br />
movies, and literature, much to his mother’s chagrin. During<br />
one of the frequent arguments between mother and son, Tom<br />
accidentally breaks several of the glass animal figurines that are<br />
Laura’s most prized possessions.<br />
Amanda and Tom discuss Laura’s prospects, and Amanda asks<br />
Tom to keep an eye out for potential suitors at the warehouse.<br />
Tom selects Jim O’Connor, a casual friend, and invites him to<br />
dinner. Amanda quizzes Tom about Jim and is delighted to learn<br />
that he is a driven young man with his mind set on career advancement.<br />
She prepares an elaborate dinner and insists that<br />
Laura wear a new dress. At the last minute, Laura learns the<br />
name of her caller; as it turns out, she had a devastating crush on<br />
Jim in high school. When Jim arrives, Laura answers the door, on<br />
Amanda’s orders, and then quickly disappears, leaving Tom and<br />
Jim alone.<br />
<strong>Time</strong>: 1.30hrs<br />
Directors: Mrs Angela Venizelou and Eleni Ioannou<br />
Tom confides to Jim that he has used the money for his family’s<br />
electric bill to join the merchant marine and plans to leave his<br />
job and family in search of adventure. Laura refuses to eat dinner<br />
with the others, feigning illness. Amanda, wearing an ostentatious<br />
dress from her glamorous youth, talks vivaciously with<br />
Jim throughout the meal.<br />
As dinner is ending, the lights go out as a consequence of the<br />
unpaid electric bill. The characters light candles, and Amanda<br />
encourages Jim to entertain Laura in the living room while she<br />
and Tom clean up. Laura is at first paralyzed by Jim’s presence,<br />
but his warm and open behaviour soon draws her out of her<br />
shell. She confesses that she knew and liked him in high school<br />
but was too shy to approach him. They continue talking, and<br />
Laura reminds him of the nickname he had given her: “Blue<br />
Roses,” an accidental corruption of pleurosis, an illness Laura<br />
had in high school. He reproaches her for her shyness and low<br />
self-esteem but praises her uniqueness. Laura then ventures to<br />
show him her favorite glass animal, a unicorn. Jim dances with<br />
her, but in the process, he accidentally knocks over the unicorn,<br />
breaking off its horn. Laura is forgiving, noting that now the<br />
unicorn is a normal horse. Jim then kisses her, but he quickly<br />
draws back and apologizes, explaining that he was carried away<br />
by the moment and that he actually has a serious girlfriend. Resigned,<br />
Laura offers him the broken unicorn as a souvenir.<br />
Amanda enters the living room, full of good cheer. Jim hastily<br />
explains that he must leave because of an appointment with his<br />
fiancée. Amanda sees him off warmly but, after he is gone, turns<br />
on Tom, who had not known that Jim was engaged. Amanda<br />
accuses Tom of being an inattentive, selfish dreamer and then<br />
throws herself into comforting Laura. From the fire escape outside<br />
of their apartment, Tom watches the two women and explains<br />
that, not long after Jim’s visit, he gets fired from his job<br />
and leaves Amanda and Laura behind. Years later, though he<br />
travels far, he finds that he is unable to leave behind guilty<br />
memories of Laura.
WINTER<br />
Snow covers all things<br />
Freezing all inside.<br />
Like a crunchy white blanket<br />
Ben Timm 4A<br />
TIGER<br />
Tiger wide awake<br />
Lying watching in the brush<br />
Waiting for dinner .<br />
Abbey Bothe 4A<br />
COLD<br />
Such freezing weather<br />
Cold, slippery ice.<br />
Unpleasant, with a shiver<br />
Sophia Tingi& Mona<br />
Mooraei 4B<br />
MUSIC<br />
Song, melodic sounds<br />
Drawn deep into your heart<br />
Exhilarating.<br />
VasiliaKoumandari& Stephanie<br />
Porphyriou 4A<br />
FEARFEAR<br />
The wind is whirling<br />
No voice, only breath.<br />
The man is sleeping,<br />
I seek a hide-out<br />
While my terrifying fear<br />
Is trapped in my mind<br />
Demetra Georgiou 4A<br />
TEARS<br />
Unchangeable pain<br />
Drops of heartbroken pain Flowing<br />
Bend my sanity.<br />
Eleni Costa 4B<br />
SALMON<br />
Salmon in the stream<br />
Fighting the raging torrent<br />
Fighting for its life.<br />
George Sandlers & Jack Jenkins<br />
4A
What is the point of living if everything you live for is gone?<br />
The key rattled in the lock. ‘Stand back and face the wall,’ came the harsh voice of the security guard. He dumped<br />
a brown lumpy stew in front of me, his brown eyes looking at me with hatred. The stew wafted towards me, making<br />
me gag on the putrid smell of rotten vegetables and old meat. The door slammed shut and I was locked up<br />
once again.<br />
The blank walls stared at me, making me feel like a caged animal. The bed groaned heavily as I sat down on it. I<br />
looked up at the barred window. There was no breeze to cool the stifling air. I began to gasp for breath, feeling<br />
claustrophobic; the air pressed in on me making the sweat marks on my shirt grow. I blinked once and then I saw<br />
the flames.<br />
They were hungrily devouring the houses. The acrid smell burnt my throat. I was screaming. My house was on<br />
fire. Then the white walls of the prison cell came into view. I fell to the floor and rolled into a ball. Why was this<br />
happening to me? Tears poured down my face. ‘I’m innocent!’ I screamed but no-one heard me. No-one answered.<br />
I was trapped!<br />
I remember that night. I was walking down the dark road, laughing to myself. I might have drunk a bit more than<br />
I had intended to, but it was a party after all. I skipped along the streets, in my own world, until I saw the strong<br />
orange glow.<br />
The cold night air hand suddenly hit me. I knew something was wrong. I began running towards the orange thing,<br />
towards my house. I turned the corner and stared uncomprehendingly at the house on fire. It was mine! I had<br />
jumped over the back fence and walked into my garden. ‘James!’ I screamed. My husband was in that house with<br />
four of his friends. I was too late. I opened the back door choking on the fumes. I watched a photo of me and my<br />
husband being eaten up by the flames. My feet crunched the pieces of debris and glass as I ran.<br />
I knew I could die but I had to find him. Thick smoke came from the kitchen. There was fire everywhere; it was<br />
burning my skin. I slammed into the kitchen door. The fire suddenly blew outwards, burning my face. Before I<br />
ran, I glanced into the room. Five figures lay on the floor. I stared at one of them. I watched the fire lick away<br />
my husband’s face. Then I ran.<br />
I was accused of murder. Many witnesses had seen an almost drunk woman running out of the door. The parents<br />
of the other victims had wanted justice. I was sent to prison. I was locked up. I was innocent.<br />
I stared at the filthy floor. I had to escape from here. It is killing me, but I don’t have the key. In my mind, the<br />
cell suddenly erupted in flames. I began screaming. ‘Give me the key! I’m innocent! GIVE ME THE KEY!’ My<br />
nails began scratching the door. They became bloody stubs but I still continued. The fire was choking me. The<br />
acrid smell burnt my throat.<br />
‘Stand back and face the wall.’ I heard the words from a distance. My ears were ringing from the explosion that<br />
made my house collapse. I suddenly knew how to escape. It wasn’t the cell key I needed. It was something better,<br />
stronger, more final. I stood backwards as the flames engulfed me. The guard came in, shouting and pointing.<br />
I lunged at him.<br />
I ripped the gun out of his holster, leaving bloody marks where my fingers had touched it. I pulled the gun towards<br />
me. The cold metal touched my head. ‘This is my key to happiness,’ was my last thought before my fingers<br />
closed around the trigger.<br />
What is the point of living if everything you live for is gone?<br />
By Katerina Kavourides 3B<br />
(Winning Essay Competition story between all Pascal schools)
What was the Short-Term Significance<br />
of the Blitzkrieg Tactic?<br />
The Blitzkrieg was a strategy used by the Germans<br />
in World War 2 and even though they ultimately<br />
suffered defeat its short term effects cannot be underestimated<br />
nor can its tactical ingenuity for that<br />
time, proof of which can be found in the fact that it<br />
was used in recent times during the Gulf Wars. The<br />
Blitzkrieg was one of the pinnacle tools of Germany’s<br />
early success along with Hitler’s hold on<br />
power and Germany’s economy. One could argue<br />
that without it the course of the war would have<br />
been drastically altered or ultimately prevented.<br />
Earlier use of<br />
a smaller<br />
scale Blitzkrieg<br />
was<br />
used by General<br />
Edmund<br />
Allenby during<br />
the Battle<br />
of Megiddo<br />
in September<br />
1918 . The<br />
first major<br />
use of the<br />
Blitzkrieg<br />
was in 1939<br />
when Poland<br />
was invaded.<br />
This of course forced Britain and France to declare<br />
war on Germany but more importantly, this was the<br />
first introduction of the Blitzkrieg and its use of<br />
technology. This however has been argued by historians<br />
such as Matthew Cooper who stated that the<br />
Blitzkrieg effects were, “only incidental by-products<br />
of the traditional manoeuvres”. None the less, Poland’s<br />
downfall would not have been as swift had it<br />
not been for the Blitzkrieg.<br />
One could argue that had the Germans invaded more<br />
“traditionally” this would have given time for<br />
France and Britain to react and send help to Poland<br />
making German fight a war on both fronts. This in<br />
turn could have proved disastrous. However, the<br />
Blitzkrieg gave the Germans victory to turn its attention<br />
on France with few loses.<br />
The same claim can be made in France. The French<br />
had established the Maginot line which was to be<br />
used against the Germans. This can be seen as proof<br />
that the French were expecting a trench war much<br />
like World War 1. However, the Germans’ Blitz<br />
allowed them to<br />
bypass the<br />
Maginot line<br />
and surrounded<br />
it by making a<br />
daring advance<br />
through the Ardennes<br />
region in<br />
Belgium. It was<br />
clear that<br />
through the use of the Blitzkrieg Germany was able<br />
to completely out-manoeuvre and overwhelm<br />
France, who were unprepared for this type of war.<br />
This is shown in the French President (of the Ministerial<br />
Council) Reynaud’s speech who commented<br />
on the collapse on 21 May 1940, “The truth is that<br />
our classic conception of the conduct of war has<br />
come up against a new conception…” One could<br />
also argue that had the Germans not used Blitzkrieg<br />
and invaded head on into the Maginot line the war<br />
would have been drawn out and had given time for<br />
the Allies to react and reorganize and possible defeat<br />
the Germans whose war potential was still developing.<br />
The Blitzkrieg also eliminated British<br />
forces in France by advancing through Belgium and<br />
eliminating the BEF. We can see that the main principle<br />
of Blitzkrieg, made clear in its detention of<br />
“lighting war”,<br />
was to eliminate<br />
the enemy before<br />
it had time<br />
to prepare and<br />
plunge it into<br />
chaos. By doing<br />
this Hitler was<br />
able to take control<br />
over Europe<br />
and focus on the<br />
USSR. It can be concluded that had it not been for<br />
the blitzkrieg the whole invasion of Russia would<br />
have been impossible due to fear of war on both<br />
fronts.
Prior to the war the Nazi had secured their hold on<br />
power. However, it was not absolute. There was<br />
still opposition from the population which can be<br />
seen from D.J.K.Peukert, who said, “…the longer<br />
the regime lasted, the less popular it became.” The<br />
Blitzkrieg helped change that as new, quick victories<br />
strengthened Hitler’s support among the population.<br />
This in turn allowed him to stay in power. Had<br />
the war against France been prolonged, the regime’s<br />
support would have faded away and opposition<br />
would have used it to their advantage. In that scenario<br />
one could claim that the Blitzkrieg was the<br />
main reason for the continuation of Hitler’s rule and<br />
the support of the Nazi war machine. Blitzkrieg also<br />
aided the German economy. Even though unemployment<br />
fell from 7.4 percent these were only due<br />
to short term effects such as road building or construction.<br />
The Blitz helped stimulate the German<br />
economy by increasing pressure on industrialization<br />
and as Overy stated, “…by spring of 1940, the German<br />
economy was set on the path of full mobilization”.<br />
The Blitzkrieg not only increased demand for industrial<br />
labour but also presented opportunity to capture<br />
enemy goods from occupied countries and sending<br />
them back to Germany to increase the wealth of the<br />
population and strengthen support as well as decrease<br />
poverty. As Ian Kershaw stated, “…only<br />
through expansion-impossible without war-would<br />
Germany, and the national Socialist regime, survive”<br />
However a long war would put strain on both<br />
the economy which had not fully recovered from the<br />
First World War, as well as keeping the population<br />
in place. As such it can be stated that through the<br />
Blitzkrieg the war was able to continue and the Nazi<br />
regime be maintained. Also, due to the British<br />
blockage there was a large scarcity of resources. It<br />
is unlikely that Germany would have been able, or<br />
supported, to continue the war without the Blitzkrieg<br />
victories and foreign resources plunder. Had<br />
it not been for an overwhelming defeat the Nazi<br />
would have been forced to introduce rationalization<br />
and one should not underestimate the extent of possible<br />
opposition within the early years of the regime.<br />
During the blockade the German economy was<br />
aided by Russian aid and Williamson stated that<br />
“ironically, it was probably only Russian assistance<br />
that prevented an early German economic collapse…”<br />
One main benefit that Blitzkrieg brought was solidifying<br />
the partnership between the Nazi regime and<br />
the German elite: the army. Hitler had strengthened<br />
his hold on the army through the “night of the long<br />
knives” and by the oath swore to him as well as<br />
gaining support through rearmament .<br />
However many still some still opposed Hitler’s<br />
ambitions such as Field Marshal von Blomberg<br />
and General von Fritsch who believed that Germany<br />
was unprepared. Both were eliminated.<br />
However, this showed the army was still lacking<br />
faith in Hitler. The Blitzkrieg fast victories over<br />
France quickly earned Hitler the view of a tactical<br />
genius and secured the army’s support. Had the<br />
war not been won so quickly, opposition within the<br />
army would have grown as it did when the tide<br />
turned and in 1944 when a failed bomb plot was<br />
carried out. As such if the Blitzkrieg had failed,<br />
army opposition would have grown towards Hitler<br />
and the German war effort would have been crippled.<br />
The blitz strengthened the Nazi resolve allowing<br />
it to push further into the war. This also<br />
allowed the army to gain both the experience and<br />
confidence it needed before attempting operation<br />
Barbarossa in Soviet Russia.<br />
Operation Barbarossa, which of course ended in<br />
failure, was the combination of all the previous<br />
tactics learned by the Nazi. As mentioned earlier<br />
the Blitzkrieg eliminated the possibility of war on<br />
two fronts and had created enough breathing space<br />
to launch an attack against communist Russia. In<br />
its early stages the operation was a success. German<br />
took large portions of Russian soil. Even<br />
though some historians such as Kitchen state that,<br />
“the army which was thrown against the Soviet<br />
Union was only marginally larger…that which invaded<br />
France.” This again provided, yet limited<br />
due to the policy of “scorched earth” , raw resources<br />
and economic aid. It also provided opportunity<br />
to introduce forced labour camps. More importantly<br />
the large areas taken via the Blitzkrieg<br />
allowed the incarceration of the many Jews on the<br />
west of Russia which was ultimately Hitler’s goal.<br />
The Blitzkrieg allowed the Germans, as in France<br />
and Poland, to eliminate the air force of the USSR<br />
which in the short term, gave them a huge advantage<br />
over the enemy and paved the way to victory<br />
while the enemy would have to rebuild their losses.<br />
As we can see the Blitzkrieg did not focus on a<br />
“fair” fight but rather the use of surprise and crippling<br />
the enemies counter attack power and machinery.<br />
As in the other cases had the Russians<br />
been able to mount a successful counter attack of<br />
defensive perimeter, the war would have taken a<br />
different turn. However, Germany invaded without<br />
a declaration of war and the soviets were<br />
caught unaware. This can be seen in a soviet<br />
broadcast, “Today at 4 o'clock a.m., without any<br />
claims having been presented to the Soviet Union,<br />
without a declaration of war, German troops attacked<br />
our country.”
In the end however with the fall of winter, whereby<br />
the soldiers were, “scarcely better equipped” than<br />
in France, Germany was<br />
pushed back and morale<br />
sank as a German pilot,<br />
Theodor Plotte wrote,<br />
“the crew mutinied. They<br />
didn’t want to fight anymore…”<br />
The Blitzkrieg also<br />
proved to be a valuable<br />
show of power to potential allies such as Italy, although<br />
there tactical use can be questioned. They<br />
provided support to Germany through the war until<br />
their defeat in 1945 in the Spring offensive. However,<br />
it is doubtful that Italy would have joined the<br />
war even though its dictator Benito Mussolini had<br />
close relations to Hitler and political similarities.<br />
Though the Blitzkrieg however Hitler was able to<br />
bring Italy on its side and secure an alliance if the<br />
two powers. Had the war again stretched out, Italia’s<br />
involvement would have been unlikely.<br />
Blitzkrieg didn’t only bring short term effects on<br />
land and sea. In the battle of Britain Germany engaged<br />
in a Blitzkrieg<br />
compromised solely of<br />
Arial assaults and<br />
bombing raids. The<br />
Blitz here was intended<br />
to destroy morale<br />
through bombing raids.<br />
However some claimed<br />
that “No decisive success<br />
can be expected from terror attacks on residential<br />
areas.” One can argue that even if it did<br />
strengthen morale in the short run it would have<br />
been damaging to<br />
the populations<br />
sense of security.<br />
As one British politician<br />
recalls<br />
“Everyone is worried<br />
about the feeling<br />
in the East End,<br />
where there is much bitterness” But it can be stated<br />
that the blitz was more damaging to the Germans as<br />
it failed in its main objective to bomb Britain into<br />
submission and only served to divert its air forces<br />
from the eastern front as well as suffering heavy<br />
loses.<br />
Many such as O’Neill stated,<br />
“What makes this story worth<br />
telling is the development of<br />
one idea: the Blitzkrieg. The<br />
German Army had a greater<br />
grasp of the effects of technology<br />
on the battlefield, and<br />
went on to develop a new<br />
form of warfare by which its<br />
rivals, when it came to the<br />
test, were hopelessly outclassed.”<br />
However many others claimed, such as<br />
German historian Karl-Heinz Frieser, that the notion<br />
of 'Blitzkrieg' was "a worldwide delusion."<br />
The Blitzkrieg success was clearly due to the outdated<br />
tactics of the Allies particular the French<br />
who underestimated the tactical use of tanks and<br />
aircraft.<br />
However one should not underestimate the Blitzkrieg<br />
as being simply a tool for war. It had a much<br />
larger impact on politics<br />
back in Germany<br />
as well as economic<br />
effects and foreign support<br />
during the early<br />
stages of the war.<br />
These short terms ultimately<br />
lead to total war<br />
which would have been<br />
largely impossible without the use of the Blitzkrieg.
1089 ΚΑΙ ΟΛΑ ΑΥΤΑ<br />
ΠΕΡΙΛΗΨΗ<br />
Η εργασία αυτή έχει ως κύριο στόχο να αναδείξει την μαγεία των μαθηματικών που περικλείεται σε<br />
όμορφα θεωρήματα, με υπέροχες αποδείξεις και σημαντικές εφαρμογές. Η εργασία μας χωρίζεται<br />
σε δύο μέρη. Στο πρώτο μέρος τονίζουμε την σημασία και συνάμα την ομορφιά της απόδειξης στα<br />
μαθηματικά. Στην προσπάθεια μας αυτή καταπιανόμαστε με αποδείξεις διαφορετικού τύπου κάποιων<br />
θεωρημάτων από την άλγεβρα και την γεωμετρία καθώς και κάποιας ενδιαφέρουσας ιδιότητας<br />
των τριψήφιων αριθμών σε σχέση με τον αριθμό 1089. Στο δεύτερο μέρος κάνουμε μια ιστορική<br />
αναδρομή σε κάποιες από τις σημαντικότερες έννοιες των μαθηματικών όπως το π και το e δίνοντας<br />
ιδιαίτερη έμφαση στις εφαρμογές τους στην γεωμετρία, την τοπολογία, τις σειρές και τις πιθανότητες.<br />
Η εργασία μας βασίζεται στο εξαιρετικό βιβλίο “1089 and all that, a journey into mathematics”<br />
του διακεκριμένου μαθηματικού David Acheson.<br />
Μέρος Α<br />
Η επίλυση προβλημάτων και ασκήσεων στα μαθηματικά είναι από μόνη της μια πνευματική πρόκληση.<br />
Η έξυπνη χρήση των θεωρημάτων και ιδιοτήτων που οδηγούν στην επίλυση είναι μια δημιουργική<br />
εργασία που διεγείρει το μυαλό. Η ικανοποίηση της λύσης είναι μοναδική. Η απόδειξη<br />
όμως είναι αυτό που σε κάνει να ενθουσιάζεσαι, να θαυμάζεις τα μαθηματικά, να τα ερωτεύεσαι!<br />
Θα προσπαθήσουμε να αναδείξουμε το πιο πάνω, παρουσιάζοντας μερικές απλές αλλά πολύ κομψές<br />
αποδείξεις κάποιων σημαντικών μαθηματικών εννοιών.<br />
Α1. .<br />
Αν α,β και γ είναι οι πλευρές ενός ορθογωνίου τριγώνου και η γ είναι η μεγαλύτερη<br />
πλευρά (υποτείνουσα) τότε . Αυτό δεν είναι άλλο από το Πυθαγόρειο<br />
θεώρημα, ένα από τα διασημότερα θεωρήματα των μαθηματικών.<br />
Ενας όμορφος τρόπος να αποδείξουμε το θεώρημα γεωμετρικά είναι ο πιο κάτω.<br />
Παίρνουμε ένα τετράγωνο με πλευρά α+β και δημιουργούμε εσωτερικά τέσσερα<br />
τρίγωνα με πλευρες α,β,γ όπως φαίνεται στο σχήμα.<br />
Ως αποτέλεσμα δημιουργείται ένα τετράγωνο με εμβαδόν .<br />
Τώρα ας σκεφτούμε ότι τα τρίγωνα είναι άσπρα χαλάκια σε<br />
σκούρο πάτωμα. Η επιφάνεια του πατώματος που είναι ελεύθε-<br />
ρη έχει έμβαδον . Μετακινούμε τα τρίγωνα κατα τέτοιο τρόπο<br />
ώστε να κατάλαβουν τις νέες τους θέσεις όπως φαίνεται στο<br />
σχήμα.<br />
Το εμβαδόν του πατώματος που είναι ελεύθερο αποτελείται από δύο τετράγωνα. Το ένα έχει πλευρά<br />
α και το άλλο πλευρα β, έτσι μαζί έχουν εμβαδον Αυτό σημαίνει ότι η ελεύθερη επιφάνεια<br />
τώρα έχει εμβαδόν . Το εμβαδόν της ελεύθερης επιφάνειας όμως πρέπει να είναι το ίδιο.<br />
Άρα,<br />
.
Α2. .<br />
Στην άλγεβρα συναντάμε συχνά ταυτότητες οι οποίες είναι πολύ χρήσιμες στην<br />
επίλυση εξισώσεων. Μια από αυτές είναι<br />
Για παράδειγμα<br />
Πιο κάτω παρουσιάζουμε μια γεωμετρική απόδειξη της ταυτότητας.<br />
Σχηματίζουμε ένα τετράγωνο με πλευρα χ+α όπως φαίνεται στο σχήμα.<br />
Το εσωτερικό του τετραγώνου μπορεί να χωριστεί σε τέσσερα μέρη:<br />
τετράγωνο με πλευρά χ δίνοντας εμβαδόν .<br />
τετράγωνο με πλευρά α δίνοντας εμβαδόν .<br />
ορθογώνιο με πλευρές χ και α δίνοντας εμβαδόν .<br />
ορθογώνιο με πλευρές χ και α δίνοντας εμβαδόν .<br />
Άθροισμα εμβαδών στο εσωτερικό= + + + = .<br />
Εμβαδόν τετραγώνου με πλευρά<br />
x a<br />
Το εμβαδόν του τετραγώνου<br />
ισούται με<br />
( x a )( x <br />
a ) <br />
( x <br />
2<br />
a ) .<br />
πρέπει να<br />
ισούται με το αθροισμα των εμβαδών του εσωτερικού, άρα<br />
Α3. Το 2<br />
είναι άρρητος!<br />
x<br />
2<br />
x<br />
2<br />
a<br />
2<br />
2<br />
a ax ax<br />
ax<br />
ax<br />
2 x <br />
2 ax<br />
<br />
a<br />
Όλοι οι αριθμοί που μπορούν να γραφτούν σαν λόγος δύο ακεραίων αριθμών ονομάζονται ρητοί. Όλοι οι άλλοι που δεν<br />
μπορούν να γραφτούν με αυτό τον τρόπο ονομάζονται άρρητοι. Ένας από αυτούς είναι το<br />
2<br />
.Θα αποδείξουμε ότι<br />
το<br />
2<br />
είναι άρρητος χρησιμοποιώντας την μέθοδο της εις άτοπον απαγωγής.<br />
Υποθέτουμε ότι το 2<br />
ΔΕΝ ΕΙΝΑΙ ΑΡΡΗΤΟΣ άρα μπορεί να γραφτεί σαν κλάσμα. Δηλαδή στην πιο απλοποιημένη<br />
του μορφή γράφεται ως όπου το m και το n είναι ακέραιοι χωρίς κοινούς παράγοντες.<br />
Στη συνέχεια υψώνουμε στο τετράγωνο και τις δύο πλευρές και παίρνουμε<br />
2<br />
m<br />
2 2<br />
n<br />
2 .<br />
, δηλαδή Αυτό<br />
2 2<br />
m 2<br />
n .<br />
2 2<br />
2<br />
m<br />
2 2<br />
n m n<br />
m<br />
2<br />
m<br />
2 <br />
n<br />
a<br />
ax<br />
ax<br />
σημαίνει ότι το είναι 2 φορές ένας ακέραιος αριθμός ( ) άρα το είναι ζυγός αριθμός. Όμως αν το<br />
είναι ζυγός αυτό σημαίνει ότι το m είναι ζυγός γιατί<br />
(μονός) <br />
(μονός) = (μονός) ενώ (ζυγός) <br />
(ζυγός) = (ζυγός).<br />
Τώρα, αφού το m<br />
είναι ζυγός σημαίνει ότι το m<br />
μπορεί να γραφτεί ώς 2r όπου το r είναι ακέραιος. Μα αυτό ση-<br />
2<br />
2 2 2 2 2<br />
2 2r r <br />
2 2 2 2<br />
2 <br />
2 2<br />
n<br />
4<br />
r<br />
n<br />
2<br />
r<br />
<br />
2<br />
μαίνει ότι n<br />
2<br />
n<br />
n<br />
είναι ζυγός και επομένως το είναι ζυγός.<br />
Δηλαδή σύμφωνα με την αρχική μας υπόθεση ότι το<br />
2<br />
m<br />
n<br />
δεν είναι άρρητος καταληγούμε ότι το και το είναι<br />
ζυγοί αριθμοί. Αυτό όμως έρχεται σε αντίθεση με το ότι το m και το n είναι ακέραιοι χωρίς κοινούς παράγοντες γιατί<br />
n<br />
22<br />
2<br />
.<br />
m<br />
22<br />
m<br />
2
δύο ζυγοί παντα διαιρούνται με το 2. Αρα η αρχική μας υπόθεση είναι λανθασμένη που σημαίνει ότι το<br />
είναι άρρητος!<br />
Α4. 1089<br />
Σκεφτείτε ένα τριψήφιο αριθμό όπου το πρώτο με το τελευταίο ψηφίο διαφέρουν κατά 2 ή περισσότερο ,(π.χ<br />
732).<br />
Τώρα αντιστρέψτε τον και αφαιρέστε τον μικρότερο από τον μεγαλύτερο, δηλαδή για παράδειγμα ,<br />
732 – 237 = 495.<br />
Τέλος αντιστρέψτε τον νέο τριψήφιο αριθμό και προσθέστε,<br />
Ας δούμε ακόμα ένα παράδειγμα,<br />
Και ακόμα ένα,<br />
495 + 594= 1089.<br />
613 – 316 = 297,<br />
297 + 792 = 1089.<br />
856 – 658 = 198,<br />
198 + 891 = 1089.<br />
Αυτό ισχύει για όλους τους τριψήφιους και εμείς θα το αποδείξουμε!<br />
Κάθε τριψήφιος αριθμός όπου το πρώτο με το τελευταίο ψηφίο διαφέρουν κατά 2 ή περισσότερο μπορεί να γραφτεί<br />
ως εξής:<br />
100(x+n) + 10y + x όπου x,y,n ακέραιοι και n 2.<br />
Αντιστρέφουμε και αφαιρούμε,<br />
100(x+n) + 10y + x - (100x + 10y +x+ n )<br />
= 100x + 100n + 10y + x -100x-10y –x – n<br />
= 99n.<br />
Για,<br />
<br />
n=2, 99n = 99<br />
<br />
2=198<br />
n=3, 99n = 99 <br />
3= 297<br />
<br />
n=4, 99n = 99<br />
<br />
4=396<br />
Παρατηρούμε ότι το πρώτο ψηφίο ισούται πάντα με n-1 , τo μεσαίο με 9 και το τελευταίο με<br />
10-n.<br />
Άρα η διαφορά 99n μπορεί να γραφτεί ως 100(n-1)+10<br />
<br />
9+ (10-n).<br />
Αντιστρέφουμε και προσθέτουμε,<br />
<br />
100(n-1)+10<br />
<br />
9+ (10-n)<br />
+<br />
100(10-n)+10<br />
<br />
9+ (n-1)<br />
---------------------------------<br />
100n-100+90+10-n+1000-100n+90+n-1<br />
= 1089!<br />
2
Μέρος Β<br />
Σε αυτό το μέρος θα ασχοληθούμε με δύο ιδιαίτερους αριθμούς στα μαθηματικά το π και το e που εμφανίζονται<br />
σχεδόν συνέχεια σε διάφορους τομείς των μαθηματικών.<br />
Το π το πρωτοσυναντούμε όταν μελετούμε την περιφέρεια και το εμβαδόν του κύκλου. Ο λόγος της περιφέρειας<br />
ενός κύκλου προς την διάμετρο του ισούται πάντα με ένα σταθερό αριθμό, τον ίδιο για όλους τους κύκλους. Αυτός<br />
ο αριθμός είναι το π = 3.14159…. του οποίου τα ψηφία είναι άπειρα.<br />
Αν συμβολίσουμε την περιφέρεια με C και την διάμετρο με d τότε .<br />
Αν συμβολίσουμε το εμβαδόν του κύκλου με Α και την ακτίνα του με r τότε<br />
Το π λόγω της σχέσης του με τον κύκλο δε μας εκπλήσσει που εμφανίζεται στους διάφορους τύπους που μας<br />
δίνουν τον όγκο και εμβαδόν παράπλευρης επιφάνειας διάφορων τρισδιάστατων σχημάτων με κυκλική βάση<br />
όπως για παράδειγμα του κυλίνδρου :<br />
r<br />
h<br />
ό<br />
r<br />
h<br />
ά<br />
ά<br />
2r 2rh<br />
όπου r είναι η ακτίνα της βάσης και h το ύψος του κυλίνδρου.<br />
2<br />
ό<br />
2<br />
r<br />
h<br />
ά<br />
ά<br />
2r 2rh<br />
2<br />
2<br />
<br />
<br />
Η αλήθεια είναι ότι το π δεν έχει να κάνει μόνο με κύκλους. Αν κάναμε ένα ταξίδι στον κόσμο των μαθηματικών<br />
θα το συναντούσαμε σχεδόν παντού!<br />
Το π δίνει το παρόν του πολύ συχνά στα αθροίσματα και τις σειρές. Ένα από τα διασημότερα αποτελέσματα σε<br />
αυτή την κατηγορία είναι :<br />
1<br />
1<br />
1<br />
<br />
1<br />
1<br />
1 <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
...<br />
4<br />
3<br />
5<br />
7<br />
Εδώ παρατηρούμε μια ιδιαίτερη σχέση που έχει το π με τους μονούς αριθμούς που σίγουρα μας γεννά το ερώτημα:<br />
υπάρχει σχέση ανάμεσα σε μονούς αριθμούς και τον κύκλο; Σίγουρα είναι μια απρόσμενη διασύνδεση, μια<br />
από αυτές που κάνουν τα μαθηματικά να μας ενθουσιάζουν και να μας κινούν το ενδιαφέρον να τα εξερευνήσουμε.<br />
Η πιο πάνω σειρά απείρων όρων δημοσιεύτηκε από τον διάσημο μαθηματικό Leibniz το 1674.<br />
Πριν το Leibniz προηγήθηκε ο Αρχιμήδης που χρησιμοποιώντας πολύγονα με 96 πλευρές μέσα και έξω από<br />
10<br />
1<br />
3<br />
3<br />
1<br />
3<br />
71<br />
7<br />
τον κύκλο απέδειξε ότι το π πρέπει να είναι μεγαλύτερο από το και μικρότερο από το καταλήγοντας<br />
22<br />
7<br />
στην προσέγγιση π = .<br />
2000 χρόνια αργότερα ο Viete το 1593 χρησιμοποιώντας πολύγωνα πάλι κατέληξε στο αποτέλεσμα:<br />
2 <br />
<br />
2<br />
<br />
2<br />
2<br />
<br />
2<br />
2<br />
<br />
2<br />
<br />
2<br />
<br />
2<br />
το οποίο μας επέτρεψε να υπολογίσουμε το π σε 14 δεκαδικά ψηφία,<br />
<br />
3<br />
. 1415926535 . 14159265358979<br />
8979<br />
2<br />
...
Μετά τον Viete έρχεται η σειρά του John Wallis to 1655 με ένα ακόμα τύπο απείρου γινομένου:<br />
<br />
2<br />
2<br />
4<br />
4<br />
6<br />
6<br />
<br />
6<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
... ...<br />
2<br />
1<br />
3<br />
3<br />
5<br />
5<br />
7<br />
Το 1674 ήταν ο Leibniz με τον τύπο που είδαμε στην αρχή και μετά από αυτόν ο Euler to 1736 με τη διάσημη<br />
σειρά απείρων όρων :<br />
2<br />
2<br />
1<br />
1<br />
1<br />
1<br />
<br />
1<br />
1<br />
1 <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
...<br />
2<br />
...<br />
2 22<br />
2<br />
6<br />
2 22<br />
6 2<br />
3<br />
4<br />
5<br />
Μέχρι την εποχή του Euler το π είχε υπολογιστεί με ακρίβεια περίπου 100 δεκαδικών ψηφίων με μεθόδους σειρών,<br />
αλλά το 1761 ο Lambert απέδειξε τελικά αυτό που πολλοί είχαν υποψιαστεί: το π είναι άρρητος δηλαδή δε<br />
μπορεί να εκφραστεί ως λόγος δύο ακεραίων και άρα τα δεκαδικά του ψηφία δεν τελειώνουν ποτέ! Είναι αξιοσημείωτο<br />
ότι τώρα με την χρήση μοντέρνων υπολογιστών έχουμε καταφέρει να υπολογίσουμε το π με ακρίβεια<br />
κάποιων δισεκατομμυρίων δεκαδικών ψηφίων.<br />
Στην συνέχεια θα δούμε την σχέση του π με τις πιθανότητες. Μια πιο απλή και ίσως πιο διασκεδαστική προσέγγιση.<br />
Παίρνουμε μια κόλλα χαρτί με οριζόντιες ευθύγραμμες γραμμές απόσταση d μεταξύ τους και ρίχνουμε πάνω<br />
της μια βελόνα μήκους d . Η πιθανότητα η βελόνα να πέσει ακριβώς κατά μήκος μιας οποιασδήποτε γραμμής<br />
2<br />
<br />
είναι .<br />
Αν αντί βελόνες προτιμούμε τα νομίσματα, ρίχνουμε ένα νόμισμα 2ν φορές, όπου το ν είναι πολύ μεγάλο, η πι-<br />
1<br />
<br />
θανότητα να πάρουμε ακριβώς ν κορόνες και ακριβώς ν γράμματα είναι περίπου .<br />
Αν δεν μας αρέσουν ούτε τα νομίσματα, τότε αν ρωτήσουμε κάποιο φίλο μας να διαλέξει αρκετούς ακέραιους<br />
αριθμούς η πιθανότητα να μας πει δύο θετικούς που να μην έχουν<br />
6<br />
22<br />
<br />
κανένα κοινό διαιρέτη (εκτός από το 1) είναι .<br />
Μιλήσαμε αρκετά όμως για το π. Ας μελετήσουμε λίγο ένα άλλο εξίσου σημαντικό αριθμό με άπειρα δεκαδικά<br />
ψηφία, το<br />
e<br />
<br />
2<br />
. 7182818284 . 718281828459<br />
59 ... ...<br />
Ας υποθέσουμε ότι δανείζουμε σε κάποιο 1 ευρώ με τόκο 100% το χρόνο. Μετά από ένα χρόνο θα πάρουμε<br />
1+1= 2 ευρώ. Τώρα αν πείσουμε το δανειζόμενο να πληρώσει τόκο 50% στους 6 μήνες, δηλαδή μισό ποσοστό<br />
1<br />
1<br />
1<br />
1<br />
2<br />
διπλάσιες φορές, το αποτέλεσμα θα είναι το ίδιο στον ένα χρόνο; Όχι. Μετά από 6 μήνες θα πάρουμε<br />
2<br />
1<br />
<br />
1<br />
<br />
1 <br />
33 1<br />
33<br />
<br />
2<br />
<br />
3<br />
ευρώ και στους επόμενους 6 μήνες =2.25 ευρώ. Με τον ίδιο τρόπο αν πληρώνει % στους 4 μή-<br />
1<br />
<br />
1<br />
1 <br />
<br />
<br />
2<br />
. 37 . 37<br />
<br />
3<br />
<br />
νες (τρεις φορές το χρόνο δηλαδή) θα αποφέρει . Λίγο περισσότερα δηλαδή. Αν συνεχίσουμε<br />
να μειώνουμε το ποσοστό και να αυξάνουμε αντίστοιχα τις δόσεις που θα δώσει το χρόνο τότε που καταλήγουμε;<br />
σε μια περιουσία;<br />
Η απάντηση είναι όχι, από κάποιο σημείο και μετά θα αρχίσει να κοντεύει σε ένα συγκεκριμένο αριθμό, ο αριθμός<br />
αυτός είναι το e!<br />
33
To e εμφανίζεται πολύ συχνά σε διάφορες πτυχές των μαθηματικών και ιδιαίτερα εκεί όπου υπάρχει<br />
ρυθμός με τον οποίο μεταβλητές αλλάζουν. Εμείς θα δούμε το e εν δράσει σε ένα πιο προσιτό θέμα.<br />
Παίρνουμε 2 κανονικές τράπουλες, τις ανακατεύουμε και τις βάζουμε ανάποδα την μία δίπλα από την<br />
άλλη. Τώρα διαλέγουμε τυχαία ένα χαρτί από κάθε τράπουλα. Η πιθανότητα τα δύο χαρτιά να είναι τα<br />
ίδια είναι πολύ μικρή. Συνεχίζουμε να γυρίζουμε ζεύγη μέχρι να εξαντλήσουμε τις τράπουλες. H πιθα-<br />
1<br />
e<br />
νότητα να μην βρούμε ούτε ένα ζεύγος το ίδιο αποδεικνύεται ότι είναι ίση με<br />
e<br />
δηλαδή λιγότερη από<br />
1<br />
2<br />
(50%) και άρα θα μπορούσε να πει κάποιος ότι είναι αρκετά πιθανό να πετύχουμε ίδιο ζεύγος!<br />
Το e όπως και το π που είδαμε πιο πάνω μπορεί να εκφραστεί ως άθροισμα απείρων όρων με τον ακόλουθο<br />
τρόπο:<br />
1<br />
1<br />
1<br />
e<br />
1<br />
e <br />
1 <br />
1<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
... ...<br />
2<br />
2<br />
<br />
3<br />
2<br />
<br />
3<br />
<br />
4<br />
Τόσο το π όσο και το e είναι δύο αριθμοί που θα μπορούσε κάποιος να τους ονομάσει μαγικούς διότι<br />
έχουν την ικανότητα να εμφανίζονται σχεδόν παντού και να μας εκπλήσσουν!<br />
Κάπου εδώ τελειώνει το μικρό μας ταξίδι στο κόσμο των μαθηματικών. Γευτήκαμε την μαγεία της απόδειξης<br />
κάποιων γνωστών μαθηματικών ιδεών, μελετήσαμε την ιδιότητα των τριψήφιων αριθμών σε<br />
σχέση με το 1089 και την αποδείξαμε, κάναμε μια βόλτα στην ιστορία του π, γνωρίσαμε το e και διασκεδάσαμε<br />
με τις εφαρμογές τους.
«Πυθαγόρα, εύγε!»<br />
Ποτέ μου δεν μπόρεσα να καταλάβω τους συμμαθητές μου, όπως αυτοί εμένα σχετικά με την άποψή<br />
μας για τα Μαθηματικά. Ενώ εγώ τα λάτρευα και τώρα τα λατρεύω ακόμη περισσότερο, σε αυτούς<br />
ποτέ μέχρι τώρα δεν άρεσαν. Μπορεί κάποιος με ευκολία να πει πως τα βαριόντουσαν μέχρι θανάτου,<br />
μέσα από τον τρόπο που εκφράζονταν για αυτά, πιθανόν γιατί δεν τα καλοκαταλάβαιναν. Βέβαια και<br />
οι καθηγητές που είχαμε, ούτε εμένα εντυπωσίαζαν με τον τρόπο και τις μεθόδους που δίδασκαν το<br />
μάθημα των Μαθηματικών. Δεν έφταιγαν εκείνοι όμως που ο παραδοσιακός τρόπος διδασκαλίας, περιείχε<br />
μόνο στεγνές γνώσεις βγαλμένες από τα βιβλία. Τότε πώς να ενδιαφερθούν τα υπόλοιπα παιδιά<br />
που απαιτούσαν κάτι πιο εντυπωσιακό;<br />
Προς καλή τύχη όμως των καημένων και ανεκτίμητων Μαθηματικών, όταν βρισκόμουν στην τρίτη<br />
τάξη του Λυκείου είχε έρθει ένας δάσκαλος Αθηναίος. Είχε σπουδάσει στο Πανεπιστήμιο Αθηνών,<br />
εκεί όπου ο κάθε φοιτητής που κατάφερνε να περάσει γινόταν ένα πραγματικό στολίδι της κοινωνίας,<br />
γεμάτο με γνώση και πάθος για τη σπουδή που είχε επιλέξει. Τέτοιος ήταν και ο κ. Πυθαγόρας, έτσι<br />
φωνάζαμε τον καθηγητή αυτό. Στην πραγματικότητα, το αληθινό του όνομα ήταν Ευκλείδης, άλλο και<br />
τούτο, όμως στο Πανεπιστήμιο όπου σπούδασε κι αργότερα στο σχολείο μας, του έβγαλαν αυτό το<br />
παρατσούκλι, προς τιμή του μεγάλου μαθηματικού Πυθαγόρα. Όχι πως ο Ευκλείδης ήταν άξιος υποβιβασμού,<br />
αλίμονο, απλά για κάποιο λόγο ο καθηγητής μας έτρεφε λίγη περισσότερη αδυναμία στον<br />
Πυθαγόρα.<br />
Αυτός ήταν λοιπόν ο κ. Ευκλείδης. Ένας καλοσυνάτος και αξιαγάπητος γεροντάκος, που προερχόταν<br />
από μια πλούσια γενιά με μαθηματικό μυαλό και είχε διδακτορικό στο επάγγελμά του. Ένας ηλικιωμένος<br />
άνθρωπος, ο οποίος δεν έκανε ιδιαίτερη εντύπωση με την πρώτη ματιά, που όμως έκρυβε μια ψυχή<br />
παιδιού, ενθουσιασμένη και νεωτεριστική. Την πρώτη φορά που τον αντικρίσαμε, οι περισσότεροι<br />
μάλλον είχαν σκεφτεί από μέσα τους: «Τι είναι τώρα αυτός; Ένας ξερόλας που θα μας κάνει τη ζωή<br />
ποδήλατο;» Που να ξέραμε πως αυτός εδώ ο κύριος ήταν ένας πολύτιμος θησαυρός, μια κινούμενη<br />
εγκυκλοπαίδεια, όπως αποκαλύφθηκε.<br />
Εκείνη την πρώτη μέρα τη θυμάμαι σαν να ήταν χτες, κι ας έχουν περάσει τόσα χρόνια πια. Ανοίγει<br />
την πόρτα και μπαίνει με ένα δήθεν σοβαρό ύφος στην τάξη για να μας πάρει, υποθέτω, τον αέρα. Γι’<br />
αυτό και όλοι νομίσαμε πως θα ήταν αντιπαθής σε εμάς. Έβαλε την τσάντα του, η οποία από τα πολλά<br />
βιβλία που περιείχε φάνταζε να ζυγίζει 100 κιλά, πάνω στην έδρα, και για μια στιγμή μας κοίταξε με<br />
ένα διαπεραστικό βλέμμα που έκανε όλους να θέλουν να το αποφύγουν-σαν να ήθελε να μπει στην<br />
ψυχή του καθενός μας και να την εξερευνήσει με μια ματιά. Σαν να ήθελε να καταλάβει τι είδους<br />
άνθρωποι είμαστε. Όμως, αμέσως μετά από αυτή τη σύντομη σιωπή, το αυστηρό ύφος μετατράπηκε<br />
σε ένα χαμόγελο και ο καθηγητής μας λέει:<br />
«Καλημέρα σας παιδιά!»<br />
«Καλημέρα.», απαντάει η τάξη βαριεστημένα και φοβισμένα μαζί.<br />
«Με λένε κ. Ευκλείδη. Χαίρομαι πολύ που σας γνωρίζω! Είμαι σίγουρος πως θα περάσουμε πολύ<br />
ευχάριστα μαζί!», μας απαντάει ο κ. Ευκλείδης με πολύ ευθυμία.<br />
«Αφού εγώ σας έχω συστηθεί, θα απαιτήσω να κάνετε κι εσείς το ίδιο. Θα σηκωθείτε ένας-ένας<br />
από το θρανίο σας, θα πείτε το όνομά, το επίθετό σας και μερικά λόγια για τον εαυτό σας».<br />
Όλοι έμειναν έκπληκτοι από τα λόγια αυτά. Με όλους τους άλλους δασκάλους αρχίζαμε μεμιάς<br />
το μάθημα. Έτσι λοιπόν ο καθένας συστήθηκε και μίλησε λίγο για τις ασχολίες του στον ελεύθερό<br />
του χρόνο.
Αλήθεια χωρίς λογική…<br />
Μια καμπάνα κτυπάει πένθιμα, ο ουρανός γεμίζει μαύρα σύννεφα<br />
Ένα παιδί τρέχει χωρίς πόδια και τα όνειρα του γίνονται συντρίμμια<br />
Έψαχνα στο σκοτάδι να βρω σπίρτα, στάθηκα στην πόρτα και σου έγνεψα<br />
μα εσύ μουρμούριζες πως δεν είδες ανθρώπους, μονάχα αγρίμια.<br />
~<br />
Τιναζόσουν κάθε λίγο απ΄τον ύπνο σου και μιλούσες για κόλαση,<br />
Γιατί τάχα πήγα στο μέτωπο; Γιατί είχα μάτια χωρίς όραση;<br />
Κλαίνε των χαμένων αιώνων οι ήρωες που ποτέ δεν δικαιώθηκαν<br />
για μάχες και ιδανικά που τα πάντα προδόθηκαν...<br />
~<br />
'Ελαβα διαταγή απ΄την μεραρχία "Προς ολοταχώς",<br />
μα περπατούσα χωρίς ηγεσία και στο τέλος έμεινα μοναχός.<br />
Γυμνός από συναίσθημα και ιδεολογία σκοτώνω αδελφούς<br />
που μέσα απ' την πλάνη της προπαγάνδας, τους βλέπω σαν εχθρούς.<br />
~<br />
Αναρωτιέμαι αν θα βρω το θάρρος να κοιτάξω κατάματα το φως<br />
και να ψιθυρίσω την αλήθεια σαν μετουσιωμένος εαυτός.<br />
"Ο πόλεμος γυαλίζει σαν μαύρος χρυσός<br />
και μαριονέτα κατάντησε και πάλι ο λαός".<br />
Σταύρος Νόνη<br />
3C<br />
Modern Greek
Ποιοι παράγοντες επηρεάζουν την επιλογή δραστηριοτήτων<br />
στον ελεύθερο χρόνο; Σχολιάστε.<br />
Στη σημερινή εποχή του «τρέξε να προλάβεις», του άγχους και της αγωνίας, ο ελεύθερος<br />
χρόνος αποτελεί αναγκαιότητα για τον κάθε άνθρωπο αφού έτσι θα έχει μια<br />
ανάπαυλα από την καθημερινή ρουτίνα.<br />
Οι επιλογές όσον αφορά την αξιοποίηση του ελεύθερου χρόνου είναι πολλές και<br />
εξαρτώνται κυρίως από εμάς τους ίδιους. Ίσως θελήσουμε να κάνουμε μια εθελοντική<br />
εργασία που θα μας ικανοποιήσει πνευματικά και ψυχικά αφού έτσι θα συμβάλουμε<br />
στους κοινωνικούς στόχους. Όμως, οι επιλογές της οικογένειάς μας αλλά και των φίλων<br />
μας ίσως μας επηρεάσουν στην τελική μας επιλογή.<br />
Παράλληλα, μπορούμε να αξιοποιούμε τον ελεύθερο μας χρόνο καλλιεργώντας<br />
το ταλέντο μας, το οποίο μπορεί να αφορά τη ζωγραφική, το χορό, τη μουσική αλλά και<br />
οτιδήποτε άλλο αυξάνει το ενδιαφέρον μας για τη ζωή. Παρ’ όλα αυτά, το αν θα επιλέξουμε<br />
να αναπτύξουμε το ταλέντο μας θα εξαρτηθεί από την οικονομική μας ευχέρεια<br />
αλλά και από την ψυχολογική μας διάθεση. Τις πλείστες φορές η οικονομική άνεση μας<br />
βοηθά να πετύχουμε τους στόχους μας.<br />
Ακόμα, ο διαθέσιμος μας χρόνος δεν είναι ο μόνος παράγοντας που επηρεάζει τις<br />
ενασχολήσεις μας. Σημαντικό ρόλο παίζει και το κατά πόσον η δραστηριότητα που θέλουμε<br />
να κάνουμε είναι εφικτή. Πιο συγκεκριμένα, οι κλιματολογικές συνθήκες επηρεάζουν<br />
τις επιλογές μας, καθώς πρέπει να τις ευνοούν. Για παράδειγμα, εάν θέλουμε<br />
να ασχοληθούμε με κάποια δραστηριότητα όπως το κανό, τότε η βροχή θα αποτελούσε<br />
ανασταλτικό παράγοντα.<br />
Συνοψίζοντας, η ενασχόληση με κάποια δραστηριότητα αναπτύσσει τη φαντασία<br />
και την κρίση μας. Ο ελεύθερος χρόνος είναι πολύτιμος, έτσι καλό θα ήταν να μην τον<br />
αφήσουμε να πάει χαμένος. Το πιο σημαντικό είναι να επιλέγουμε σωστά και να αποφασίζουμε<br />
σύμφωνα με το τι θέλουμε εμείς οι ίδιοι.<br />
Δήμητρα Γεωργίου<br />
4Α<br />
IGCSE Modern Greek
ALEXANDRA SHANINA: “MYSTERY AND<br />
IMAGINATION”<br />
ALEXANDRA SHANINA: “SAVAGE”<br />
ANDREAS KYRIACOU: “SHADOWS AND<br />
SHADES”<br />
ANDRI CHRISTOFIDI: “SNOW<br />
WHITE AND THE SEVEN DOORS”<br />
ANASTASIS ANASTASI: “SHADOWS AND<br />
SHADES” DANAE ELLINA: “EXPRESSION THROUGH<br />
HANDS”
STEPHANY<br />
PORFIRIOU:<br />
“SHADOWS<br />
AND SHADES”<br />
VARVARA STAVROU: “EXPRESSION:<br />
THE EYES”<br />
DESPINA XIOUROUPPA: “SHADOWS<br />
AND SHADES”<br />
MARCEL VALEEV: “INSANITY”<br />
MARGARITTA SAMOURIDES: “SHADOWS AND SHADES”<br />
BACKGROUND:SERGIOS DEMETRIOU: “THE SECRET OF THE SERPENT
ABOVE: MARIANNA THEODOSI: “SHADOWS AND SHADES”<br />
NICOLE KOUTSOFTA : “SOULS” MARCEL VALEEV:<br />
STEPHANY POR-<br />
“INSANITY”<br />
FIRIOU: “SHADOWS<br />
AND SHADES”
ELIA NEOPHYTOU: “SEVEN SEALS”<br />
MARCEL VALEEV: “BALANCING<br />
DUALITY”<br />
MARCEL VALEEV: “BALANCING<br />
DUALITY”<br />
IRENE LOUCATZIE: “DISCOVERY AND<br />
EXPLORATION”
SEPTEMBER 2010<br />
BACK TO SCHOOL!<br />
EFFECTIVE HOME STUDY<br />
FOR PARENTS OF YEAR 1<br />
CLASS ELECTIONS<br />
CLUB PRESENTATIONS<br />
NOVEMBER 2010<br />
Lecture on Options to Year 3 and on<br />
IB to pupils in Year 4<br />
1st Excursion<br />
UK University trip<br />
Careers Fair<br />
Green Dot Lecture and visit<br />
OCTOBER 2010<br />
Commenius trip to Germany<br />
Anti-cancer fund raiser<br />
Radio Marathon<br />
Overnight trip to Ayia Napa (Yr 2)<br />
28th October Parade<br />
Overnight trip to Agros<br />
Artemis Halloween House Party<br />
DECEMBER 2010<br />
Sports Day<br />
Food Baskets collection and delivery<br />
to homes<br />
Christmas Carolling outside Debenhams<br />
Staff Christmas party
JANUARY & FEBRUARY 2011<br />
Nicosia/Larnaca Indoor Archery Tournament<br />
Comenius Trip to Slovenia<br />
Valentine’s Day order/delivery of chocolates<br />
and flowers organised by events committee<br />
Tsiknopempti organised by Parent’s Association<br />
APRIL 2011<br />
Visit from Private School of Athens<br />
The Cyprus Mathematics Olympiad<br />
Tree Planting Week<br />
Car Wash<br />
Blood Donation for Parents<br />
Educational Trip to Prague for Year 1<br />
Easter Activities<br />
MARCH 2011<br />
Parent’s Association Fancy Dress<br />
Pascal Discovery Day<br />
School Play, ‘The Glass Menagerie’<br />
National Holiday Parade<br />
Entrance Exams<br />
Sports Day<br />
MAY & June 2011<br />
Hidden Talent’s Evening<br />
Science Fair<br />
Art Exhibition at Kypriaki Gonia Gallery<br />
Teacher’s Happy Hour<br />
End of Year Ceremony<br />
6th Formers Last Day<br />
Graduation Ceremony<br />
Trip to Germany in July!