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Formulas
This may be stylistic variatio, e.g. to avoid the repetition of a noun in the
same or adjacent sentences: thus vr|A£i XOCAKCO beside 8oupi 9CCEIVC0, and 6££i
XCCAKCO beside O^EI 8oupi. The general word, however, may serve for the
specific term where the latter is metrically impossible; thus vcopOTri and
cciOoTTi x«^cp (but not vnAei X 0 ^ 1 ^) re f er to a helmet and supply an
important dative formula which would be impossible with the specific
nouns (Kopus, KUVETJ, TTT\\T)§, TpU9dA£icc).
(vii) Substitution
It is sometimes obvious that the singer will take a phrase and change a single
word in it: TO (6) ydp yepccs tori yepovTcov/OocvovTCOv, y£yr|0E Se TE 9p£va
7roi|if)v/Ar|Tcb, |ieya Trfjua/xdpiia TTOATJI TE iravTi TE 8f|ucp; CTXCTXIO! lore,
06Oi, 6r|Xfmov6s/^r|Af||iov6S (see 24.33^) is almost at the level of a pun. At
12.404 the poet, describing the course of a spear, sang Aias 8* d