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Book Eleven with a short in the personal name (list in Wyatt, ML 186). TTpia|Jii6r)s etc. is normally Hektor (25x ), but not exclusively, see 490n. 297 UTrepaEi Taos aeAAr): such images of violent destruction are freely applied to Hektor, cf. 305-9 (AaTAccy), 13.137-42 (a boulder). 299 A whole-verse formula (= 5.703, 16.692, with a shortened variant at 8.273) employed in each case to introduce a bare list of victims. The effect in arresting the attention of an audience and directing it to what follows is like that of an appeal to the Muses at 218. De Jong in fact goes so far as to suggest that the question is addressed to the Muses [Narrators 49-50). 'Hektor' in the personalized narrative of the Iliad represents the Trojan army, as 'Agamemnon' represented the Achaeans at 91 ff. 300 = 8.216 = 19.204, cf. 12.174 = 15.596. Thetis' request (1.521) was that Zeus should Tpcoeaaiv apfjyeiv. In heroic narrative the anonymous Tpcoes must be translated into a particular hero. Hence from the moment, at the beginning of book 8, when Zeus bestirs himself to implement his promise, his activity is described as 'giving K06OS to Hektor.' 301-3 Hektor's victims seem to be a random list, but in some cases bring with them certain associations. Dolops son of Klutos has a double, a Trojan Dolops son of Lampos (whose brother was Klutios) at 15.525 (see n.). There is a Trojan Opheltios at 6.20, and a Suitor Agelaos at Od. 20.321 etc. An Opheltes appeared in the Theban saga, and the name is known also in Cypriot. The impression is that these lists are drawn from a stock of heroic names rather than invented ex nihilo. Aisumnos on the other hand has, for an Achaean, a very Asiatic name meaning 'prince' or the like, see 13.427-33^ But an Ionian poet could not be expected to know this; aiauuvfirns {Od. 8.258, and with suffix -TTjp, //. 24.347) ls a common title of civic officers in the area of Ionia. Agelaos certainly and Opheltes probably occur as men's names in Mycenaean texts, see Ventris and Chadwick, Documents 104-5, wno c i te 5& names thought certainly to be common to the tablets and the epic; more than twenty are names assigned to Trojans or their allies, for the poet of the Iliad, like the poet of Roland, had a stock of traditional foreign names that was too limited for the scale of his narrative. — Bare lists such as this occur at 5.677-8 (eight victims), 5.705-7 (six), 8.274-6 (eight), 16.415—17 (nine), 16.694-6 (nine), 21.209-10, and by various victors 14.511 —16 (eight); 15.329-42 (eight) is similar but with minimal added anecdote. Hektor's performance therefore is impressive and made more so by the addition (305) of an anonymous TrA-nOOs. 304-5 Note that the slain are said to be fjysuovss and that the TTATJOOS do not receive even a token named representative. The ostensible reason for silence is practical, cf. 2-488ff. o05' £i uoi 8eKa UEV yAcbcaai ..., but the truest cause is doubtless the social focus of the Iliad. The deaths of leaders stand for the massacre of the Aocos. 259
Book Eleven 305—8 The poet's thought runs on Hektor's whirlwind attack and repeats with amplification the image of the preceding simile (297—8), adding repetition to ferocity. The clouds and waves make an image of something happening in succession, cf. the wave simile at 4.422-6 where 67Taa
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This is the third volume in the maj
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THE ILIAD: A COMMENTARY GENERAL EDI
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This volume is dedicated to the mem
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Contents COMMENTARY Book 9 55 Book
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PREFACE Students of Altertumswissen
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ABBREVIATIONS Books Adkins, Merit a
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Abbreviations Friedrich, Verwundung
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Abbreviations OCT Oxford Classical
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Abbreviations West, Ptolemaic Papyr
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Formulas Parry's typical formulas w
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Formulas |j£Ta 9peai(v) (nx //., 8
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Formulas and basic ideas of heroic
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Formulas verse. 7 The units need no
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Formulas fixed and repetitious, but
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Formulas of the verse, sentence bou
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Formulas (ocop < deipco; for 'hange
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Formulas TTOVTCO, £UpccA£/£|iTrE
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Formulas difficult if only by contr
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Formulas For verses introducing spe
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Formulas subordinate and youthful c
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Formulas construe are real enough.
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Formulas analogical, of no great an
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Formulas constructed; their context
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Formulas with ocAs at Od. 8.111. Ar
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2. The Iliad as heroic poetry Compa
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The Iliad as heroic poetry stichic
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The Iliad as heroic poetry and Serb
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The Iliad as heroic poetry The vign
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The Iliad as heroic poetry William
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The Iliad as heroic poetry Heroic s
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The Iliad as heroic poetry was what
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The Iliad as heroic poetry 91A0S. I
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The Iliad as heroic poetry been spe
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The Iliad as heroic poetry disrespe
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The Iliad as heroic poetry Where fo
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INDEX An index of Greek words appea
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atrocity, 50, 73, 139, 197-8, 241,
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ditch, Achaean, 166, 172, 188, 317,
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Herodotus, 124 heroine, 48-9, 113 h
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Mazon, P., 107, 126 meal, 71, 91, 2
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pity, 81, ioo, 119, 127, 261, 295 P
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suppliant, supplication, 127, 128,
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COMMENTARY BOOK NINE How the Iliad
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Book Nine is the best of the Achaea
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Book Nine horror of drowning (Od. 5
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Book Nine 8.521, and 16.191 (where
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Book Nine one that worries Agamemno
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Book Nine (5X //., ix Oct.). Diomed
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Book Nine ignores it; what is needf
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Book Nine picture has changed by 8.
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Book Nine spite of its adumbration
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Book Nine 114-61 Agamemnon's respon
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Book Nine Homerus (Assen 1951) 74-8
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Book Nine 145 Homer does not mentio
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Book Nine this does not seem very p
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Book Nine draw attention to the fac
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Book Nine bT opine that the heralds
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Book Nine 34, 54), which may be bro
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Book Nine quietly tolerated, for th
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Book Nine would have waited ev TTpo
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Book Nine 206-21 The theme of the e
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Book Nine conceived in Homer. It is
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Book Nine Odysseus to say 'Akhilleu
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Book Nine taken either as middle of
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Book Nine modern reading which pres
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Book Nine announces that Agamemnon
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Book Mine indifferently by (in the
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Book Nine — [iaoraK (a) would be
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Book Nine when it has been soiled.
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Book Nine possibility and (for some
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Book Nine 367 This is the only poin
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Book Nine lying waste, cf. 2.505).
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Book Nine Bridge') is exceptional (
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Book Nine 18.95-6 Thetis affirms th
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Book Nine yociav (i6x //., 12X Od.)
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Book Nine 438-9 The sense of TTEUTT
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Book Nine grandson, cf 488 and Od.
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Book Nine compare the 'cities of re
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Book Nine with bibliography. The 9p
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Book Nine "follows" Achilles, and i
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Book Nine his purposes. The heroic
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Book Nine a common noun with propar
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Book Nine Ares Thestios Molos (11.7
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Book Nine passage, is clearly brood
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Book Nine conjectural: in Hsch. the
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Book Nine 612 Akhilleus is consciou
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Book Nine world of the epic the rel
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Book Nine was first adumbrated in b
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Book Nine i.e. the Achaean army, bu
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Book Nine according to Szemerenyi,
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BOOK TEN In the scholia to book 10
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Book Ten and a trophy. The death of
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Book Ten The commentary follows in
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Book Ten 2 = 24.678. 585ur|U£VOi O
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Book Ten portrayal of the Trojans g
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Book Ten give Menelaos the same out
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Book Ten Askalaphos and Ialmenos, c
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Book Ten 75—8 The poet perhaps fo
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Book Ten 110-12 The swift Aias is A
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Book Ten conversational tone. The f
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Book Ten 170 TraT8es: only two of N
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Book Ten Hektor, the Argives, or th
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Book Ten 226 = 23.590. PP&CTCTCOV (
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Book Ten fj TO irdpos irep | ur)TT|
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Book Ten Figure i. The boar's tusk
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Book Ten straight (Amuntor was fath
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Book Ten ages past...' — aiyioxoi
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Book Ten temper, with 40 instances
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Book Ten return to this point when
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Book Ten narrative for the first an
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Book Ten beam are in one piece, see
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Book Ten 385-6 = 82-3 (Nestor distu
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Book Ten 418*20 According to Leaf O
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Book Ten 436-41 The horses are ment
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Book Ten For the contraction -|3co-
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Book Ten them at second hand from s
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Book Ten from action. Similar langu
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Book Ten addressing the hero. In ne
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Book Ten nonsense that Rhesos' anim
Page 246 and 247: Book Ten vowed by Diomedes at 292,
Page 248 and 249: BOOK ELEVEN The previous day of fig
Page 250 and 251: Book Eleven 5-21). In view of the f
Page 252 and 253: Book Eleven 'AOrjvocicov IOTCCVTO c
Page 254 and 255: Book Eleven a hundred oxen for the
Page 256 and 257: Book Eleven B ideogram 162 j|, but
Page 258 and 259: Book Eleven epithet of something na
Page 260 and 261: Book Eleven 43 A unique verse, surp
Page 262 and 263: Book Eleven 55 = x -3 but with KS90
Page 264 and 265: Book Eleven 12.463 (Hektor again),
Page 266 and 267: Book Eleven The vulgate reading ixo
Page 268 and 269: Book Eleven but once committed to a
Page 270 and 271: Book Eleven fight from a chariot (5
Page 272 and 273: Book Eleven 96 vu£(e): gx with eli
Page 274 and 275: Book Eleven pairs see Reinhardt, Iu
Page 276 and 277: Book Eleven describe, nor does the
Page 278 and 279: Book Eleven 143-7 The slaying follo
Page 280 and 281: Book Eleven together in this Book a
Page 282 and 283: Book Eleven empty: now, 179, they a
Page 284 and 285: Book Eleven does not conceal himsel
Page 286 and 287: Book Eleven 221 The poet answers th
Page 288 and 289: Book Eleven factual tone of the pre
Page 290 and 291: Location Head Neck Trunk Arms Legs
Page 292 and 293: Book Eleven accouchement - but like
Page 294 and 295: Book Eleven of his exploits should
Page 298 and 299: Book Eleven they will find themselv
Page 300 and 301: Book Eleven Catalogue - both are to
Page 302 and 303: Book Eleven have been banished from
Page 304 and 305: Book Eleven 368 T7aiovi6r|v: Agastr
Page 306 and 307: Book Eleven e.g. at 8.2i5ff. is muc
Page 308 and 309: Book Eleven who found their intende
Page 310 and 311: Book Eleven 437-8 Athene's action i
Page 312 and 313: Book Eleven 15.386), liouvcoae (Od.
Page 314 and 315: Book Eleven archery. To keep the ep
Page 316 and 317: Book Eleven battlefield is strictly
Page 318 and 319: Book Eleven ever, what was special
Page 320 and 321: Book Eleven round-shield bearer wou
Page 322 and 323: Book Eleven 571-4 =15.314-17 but wi
Page 324 and 325: Book Eleven Apisaon, and was then w
Page 326 and 327: Book Eleven there is no such thing
Page 328 and 329: Book Eleven that the Achaeans retre
Page 330 and 331: Book Eleven B. Schweitzer (Stuttgar
Page 332 and 333: Book Eleven of the wounded doctor a
Page 334 and 335: Book Eleven For a similar tale see
Page 336 and 337: Book Eleven Peloponnesos are the 'E
Page 338 and 339: Book Eleven (2 x ), as is u(3piaTT|
Page 340 and 341: Book Eleven can always be resolved
Page 342 and 343: Book Eleven make a formula for Agam
Page 344 and 345: Book Eleven say if he knew how badl
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Book Eleven the breastplate, cf. 19
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Book Eleven 6fo|Jiai), then back to
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BOOK TWELVE The twelfth Book contai
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Book Twelve with the failure of Asi
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Book Twelve region of Troy (the tom
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Book Twelve (5.524, Od. 5.478, 19.4
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Book Twelve in this case and positi
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Book Twelve 49-50 Delebecque, Cheva
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Book Twelve metrically convenient f
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Book Twelve of one principal with t
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Book Twelve 16.211-17 where the tro
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Book Twelve and its danger: the Tro
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Book Twelve the undergrowth' (Rise
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Book Twelve 156-8 This neat simile
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Book Twelve premature mention of fi
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Book Twelve (= 16.418 = 8.277 *f ge
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Book Twelve 211-29 For Pouludamas'
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Book Twelve 'OAUHTTIOU), Z. epiPpe|
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Book Twelve it, or hack it with axe
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Book Twelve as an intensive or iter
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Book Twelve warrior (Sarpedon) enco
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Book Twelve Age warrior going into
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Book Twelve is not mentioned by Hom
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Book Twelve isolated from that of t
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Book Twelve 356 uivuvOd Tiep: 'if o
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Book Twelve 386 Cf. Od. 12.414 Komr
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Book Twelve SVTOS implies Trap' ETr
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Book Twelve battlements, but the cl
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Book Twelve passage and down to 470
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