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Book Eleven accouchement - but like a woman none the less. At a deeper level the poet understands the zest for battle (in a way that Virgil, for example, did not), but is not so carried away by admiration for it that he cannot equate the self-sought sufferings of the dpioroi, about which they make so much fuss (9.315-31, Od. 4.240-8, 8.489-90), with the pains of others' everyday existence. Note, however, that Agamemnon (and still less those gallant men, Diomedes and Odysseus, later) does not cry out or groan, unlike the Trojan Deiphobos in similar circumstances (13.538). 270-2 Pap. 432 here provides striking testimony to the deterioration of the Homeric text in the hands of Hellenistic booksellers: Trpoi&cn, an Atticism, for TrpoiEKTi; xê'n'ocs for mKpas, a random slip; and 6£sT' 66uvr| for 6^T(ai) 65uvai, to avoid the unusual elision. 270 uoyooTOKOi EIAEIOUIOU is formular, cf. 16.187. The first syllable of the divine name is modified by metrical lengthening. The Myc. (e-re-u-ti-ja KN Gg 705 etc.) and Doric dialects have -eu- in the second syllable, suggesting a connexion with eAsuaouoa, fÂuOov, as if the woman awaited the onset of her pains, or cried to her 'that comes in need' (LSJ). But these goddesses are probably pre-Greek. Frisk, GEW s.v. cites an extensive bibliography. They are the daughters of Here (271) because she presides over marriage. lioyooroKOS means 'causing birth-pangs' by some ill-defined process whereby the literal force of TOKOS colours the sense of |ioyos. lioyos (e.g. 4.27) does not normally mean 'labour' in the obstetric sense and other compounds of -TOKOS do not lose their connexion with the literal force of TIKTCO. In HyAp 9iff., where a distinction had to be made, Eileithuia brought on the birth not the pains, cf. 16.187-8, 19.119. 272 Ring-composition, the usual mode for inserting a simile into the narrative, requires the repetition of 6£ETCCI 66uvai (268), which in its turn has entailed the unique elision of nom. plur., -oci. After 272 Pap. 432, in order to amplify Agamemnon's agonies, has a plus-verse [TTOAAJCCS EK KE9aA < qs [TTPOOEAUUVOUS EAKETO x a * Ta S, cf. 10.15, though the restoration TToAAJds is short for the space. 2 73"4 = 399~4 OO > possibly formular. Woundings, to which the couplet is appropriate, are not typical of the fighting in other Books of the Iliad. Evacuation by chariot forms a sort of refrain in this Book cf. 399-400, 487-8, 519-20, rounding off each episode, and Reinhardt, IuD 254. 275-6 = 586-7 = 17.247-8. The first verse is strongly formular (6x ). Sioorpuaiov, 'with penetrating voice', is clearly a derivative of the common epic preposition 5ionTpo, but the precise connexion is uncertain. The -u- has been considered an Aeolism. 277 Pap. 432 and a few MSS read nsp vOv ('you at least'), for UEV VUV. vr|uaiv dcuuvETE: the battle has moved close to the walls of Troy (181), so that Agamemnon's orders are premature; they anticipate the debacle that 255
Book Eleven follows Hektor's counter-attack. If the words are well-chosen they are an eloquent comment on Agamemnon's morale and egotism: he sees his great offensive as an operation of defence and despairs at its first check. 278 cpuAomv dpyaX£T|v is a unique expression, though hardly more than a variant of cpuXoms ocivr), etc. (n x ). Pap. 432 reads cpuAoTnSos Kporrepfis, which is slightly more familiar (1 x in each epic). If the genitive is not a mere slip something must have replaced irovTOTropoiai in 277 to give it construction (KCCI uvf|(7O«j0£ Merkelbach, Aoiyia £pya or Auypov oAeOpov West). 280-1 These verses expand the formular verse u&ciTiêv 8* nrnrous (or eAdocv) • TCO 8 s OUK OCEKOVTE TT£T£cx6r|V (1 o x ). For chariot as ambulance cf. 399 (Diomedes), 488 (Odysseus), 517 (Makhaon); Eurupulos had to walk (
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This is the third volume in the maj
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THE ILIAD: A COMMENTARY GENERAL EDI
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This volume is dedicated to the mem
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Contents COMMENTARY Book 9 55 Book
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PREFACE Students of Altertumswissen
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ABBREVIATIONS Books Adkins, Merit a
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Abbreviations Friedrich, Verwundung
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Abbreviations OCT Oxford Classical
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Abbreviations West, Ptolemaic Papyr
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Formulas Parry's typical formulas w
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Formulas |j£Ta 9peai(v) (nx //., 8
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Formulas and basic ideas of heroic
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Formulas verse. 7 The units need no
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Formulas fixed and repetitious, but
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Formulas of the verse, sentence bou
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Formulas (ocop < deipco; for 'hange
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Formulas TTOVTCO, £UpccA£/£|iTrE
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Formulas difficult if only by contr
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Formulas For verses introducing spe
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Formulas subordinate and youthful c
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Formulas construe are real enough.
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Formulas analogical, of no great an
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Formulas constructed; their context
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Formulas with ocAs at Od. 8.111. Ar
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2. The Iliad as heroic poetry Compa
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The Iliad as heroic poetry stichic
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The Iliad as heroic poetry and Serb
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The Iliad as heroic poetry The vign
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The Iliad as heroic poetry William
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The Iliad as heroic poetry Heroic s
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The Iliad as heroic poetry was what
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The Iliad as heroic poetry 91A0S. I
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The Iliad as heroic poetry been spe
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The Iliad as heroic poetry disrespe
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The Iliad as heroic poetry Where fo
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INDEX An index of Greek words appea
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atrocity, 50, 73, 139, 197-8, 241,
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ditch, Achaean, 166, 172, 188, 317,
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Herodotus, 124 heroine, 48-9, 113 h
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Mazon, P., 107, 126 meal, 71, 91, 2
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pity, 81, ioo, 119, 127, 261, 295 P
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suppliant, supplication, 127, 128,
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COMMENTARY BOOK NINE How the Iliad
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Book Nine is the best of the Achaea
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Book Nine horror of drowning (Od. 5
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Book Nine 8.521, and 16.191 (where
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Book Nine one that worries Agamemno
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Book Nine (5X //., ix Oct.). Diomed
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Book Nine ignores it; what is needf
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Book Nine picture has changed by 8.
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Book Nine spite of its adumbration
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Book Nine 114-61 Agamemnon's respon
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Book Nine Homerus (Assen 1951) 74-8
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Book Nine 145 Homer does not mentio
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Book Nine this does not seem very p
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Book Nine draw attention to the fac
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Book Nine bT opine that the heralds
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Book Nine 34, 54), which may be bro
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Book Nine quietly tolerated, for th
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Book Nine would have waited ev TTpo
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Book Nine 206-21 The theme of the e
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Book Nine conceived in Homer. It is
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Book Nine Odysseus to say 'Akhilleu
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Book Nine taken either as middle of
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Book Nine modern reading which pres
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Book Nine announces that Agamemnon
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Book Mine indifferently by (in the
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Book Nine — [iaoraK (a) would be
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Book Nine when it has been soiled.
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Book Nine possibility and (for some
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Book Nine 367 This is the only poin
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Book Nine lying waste, cf. 2.505).
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Book Nine Bridge') is exceptional (
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Book Nine 18.95-6 Thetis affirms th
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Book Nine yociav (i6x //., 12X Od.)
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Book Nine 438-9 The sense of TTEUTT
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Book Nine grandson, cf 488 and Od.
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Book Nine compare the 'cities of re
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Book Nine with bibliography. The 9p
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Book Nine "follows" Achilles, and i
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Book Nine his purposes. The heroic
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Book Nine a common noun with propar
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Book Nine Ares Thestios Molos (11.7
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Book Nine passage, is clearly brood
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Book Nine conjectural: in Hsch. the
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Book Nine 612 Akhilleus is consciou
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Book Nine world of the epic the rel
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Book Nine was first adumbrated in b
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Book Nine i.e. the Achaean army, bu
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Book Nine according to Szemerenyi,
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BOOK TEN In the scholia to book 10
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Book Ten and a trophy. The death of
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Book Ten The commentary follows in
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Book Ten 2 = 24.678. 585ur|U£VOi O
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Book Ten portrayal of the Trojans g
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Book Ten give Menelaos the same out
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Book Ten Askalaphos and Ialmenos, c
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Book Ten 75—8 The poet perhaps fo
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Book Ten 110-12 The swift Aias is A
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Book Ten conversational tone. The f
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Book Ten 170 TraT8es: only two of N
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Book Ten Hektor, the Argives, or th
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Book Ten 226 = 23.590. PP&CTCTCOV (
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Book Ten fj TO irdpos irep | ur)TT|
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Book Ten Figure i. The boar's tusk
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Book Ten straight (Amuntor was fath
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Book Ten ages past...' — aiyioxoi
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Book Ten temper, with 40 instances
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Book Ten return to this point when
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Book Ten narrative for the first an
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Book Ten beam are in one piece, see
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Book Ten 385-6 = 82-3 (Nestor distu
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Book Ten 418*20 According to Leaf O
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Book Ten 436-41 The horses are ment
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Book Ten For the contraction -|3co-
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Book Ten them at second hand from s
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Book Ten from action. Similar langu
Page 242 and 243: Book Ten addressing the hero. In ne
Page 244 and 245: Book Ten nonsense that Rhesos' anim
Page 246 and 247: Book Ten vowed by Diomedes at 292,
Page 248 and 249: BOOK ELEVEN The previous day of fig
Page 250 and 251: Book Eleven 5-21). In view of the f
Page 252 and 253: Book Eleven 'AOrjvocicov IOTCCVTO c
Page 254 and 255: Book Eleven a hundred oxen for the
Page 256 and 257: Book Eleven B ideogram 162 j|, but
Page 258 and 259: Book Eleven epithet of something na
Page 260 and 261: Book Eleven 43 A unique verse, surp
Page 262 and 263: Book Eleven 55 = x -3 but with KS90
Page 264 and 265: Book Eleven 12.463 (Hektor again),
Page 266 and 267: Book Eleven The vulgate reading ixo
Page 268 and 269: Book Eleven but once committed to a
Page 270 and 271: Book Eleven fight from a chariot (5
Page 272 and 273: Book Eleven 96 vu£(e): gx with eli
Page 274 and 275: Book Eleven pairs see Reinhardt, Iu
Page 276 and 277: Book Eleven describe, nor does the
Page 278 and 279: Book Eleven 143-7 The slaying follo
Page 280 and 281: Book Eleven together in this Book a
Page 282 and 283: Book Eleven empty: now, 179, they a
Page 284 and 285: Book Eleven does not conceal himsel
Page 286 and 287: Book Eleven 221 The poet answers th
Page 288 and 289: Book Eleven factual tone of the pre
Page 290 and 291: Location Head Neck Trunk Arms Legs
Page 294 and 295: Book Eleven of his exploits should
Page 296 and 297: Book Eleven with a short in the per
Page 298 and 299: Book Eleven they will find themselv
Page 300 and 301: Book Eleven Catalogue - both are to
Page 302 and 303: Book Eleven have been banished from
Page 304 and 305: Book Eleven 368 T7aiovi6r|v: Agastr
Page 306 and 307: Book Eleven e.g. at 8.2i5ff. is muc
Page 308 and 309: Book Eleven who found their intende
Page 310 and 311: Book Eleven 437-8 Athene's action i
Page 312 and 313: Book Eleven 15.386), liouvcoae (Od.
Page 314 and 315: Book Eleven archery. To keep the ep
Page 316 and 317: Book Eleven battlefield is strictly
Page 318 and 319: Book Eleven ever, what was special
Page 320 and 321: Book Eleven round-shield bearer wou
Page 322 and 323: Book Eleven 571-4 =15.314-17 but wi
Page 324 and 325: Book Eleven Apisaon, and was then w
Page 326 and 327: Book Eleven there is no such thing
Page 328 and 329: Book Eleven that the Achaeans retre
Page 330 and 331: Book Eleven B. Schweitzer (Stuttgar
Page 332 and 333: Book Eleven of the wounded doctor a
Page 334 and 335: Book Eleven For a similar tale see
Page 336 and 337: Book Eleven Peloponnesos are the 'E
Page 338 and 339: Book Eleven (2 x ), as is u(3piaTT|
Page 340 and 341: Book Eleven can always be resolved
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Book Eleven make a formula for Agam
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Book Eleven say if he knew how badl
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Book Eleven the breastplate, cf. 19
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Book Eleven 6fo|Jiai), then back to
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BOOK TWELVE The twelfth Book contai
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Book Twelve with the failure of Asi
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Book Twelve region of Troy (the tom
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Book Twelve (5.524, Od. 5.478, 19.4
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Book Twelve in this case and positi
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Book Twelve 49-50 Delebecque, Cheva
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Book Twelve metrically convenient f
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Book Twelve of one principal with t
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Book Twelve 16.211-17 where the tro
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Book Twelve and its danger: the Tro
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Book Twelve the undergrowth' (Rise
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Book Twelve 156-8 This neat simile
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Book Twelve premature mention of fi
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Book Twelve (= 16.418 = 8.277 *f ge
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Book Twelve 211-29 For Pouludamas'
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Book Twelve 'OAUHTTIOU), Z. epiPpe|
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Book Twelve it, or hack it with axe
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Book Twelve as an intensive or iter
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Book Twelve warrior (Sarpedon) enco
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Book Twelve Age warrior going into
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Book Twelve is not mentioned by Hom
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Book Twelve isolated from that of t
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Book Twelve 356 uivuvOd Tiep: 'if o
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Book Twelve 386 Cf. Od. 12.414 Komr
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Book Twelve SVTOS implies Trap' ETr
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Book Twelve battlements, but the cl
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Book Twelve passage and down to 470
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