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Book Eleven empty: now, 179, they are still manned) or as belonging in book 16 (180 = 16.699 (with rfcnrpoKAou for WrpeTSeco)). Aristarchus was content to athetize 180 only. For the reading see Boiling, External Evidence 130-1. 181-210 Zeus installs himself on Mt Ida and instructs Iris to descend to the battlefield and tell Hektor to avoid fighting until he sees Agamemnon wounded. This short Olympian scene takes up the brief anticipation of the narrative at 163-4. The passage is thus not only a coda to the preceding scene giving a repeated sequence: Description — Simile — Hektor, but sets up a new narrative goal, the termination of Agamemnon's offensive. The whole passage 148-64 + 165-217 is an extreme example of the epic practice of introducing a motif in relatively brief terms and then repeating it with greater elaboration, cf. 21.211-26 (Skamandros protests to Akhilleus) + 240-83 (Skamandros nearly drowns Akhilleus), 0^.8.62-103 (Odysseus weeps at Demodokos' first song) and 8.469-586 (he weeps again at Demodokos' second song). Other examples of the 'anticipatory doublet' (which seem to give a glimpse of the oral composer at work) are cited by M. W. Edwards in Homer: Beyond Oral Poetry, ed. Bremer (Amsterdam 1987) 50-1 and vol. v 19-20. 183 At 8.47-8 Zeus had a precinct on Ida, cf. Cook, Troad 257-8, but the highest peak of the region is probably chosen as a fitting vantage point for the mightiest of the gods. At 8.48 (see n.) and three other places the peak is called fdpyapov. For Zeus's movements see 78-83^ The lesser gods preferred to watch the battle from ringside seats, the wall of Herakles or the brow of Kallikolone (20.149-52). Zeus exerts his influence at 336 and 544. His presence as a spectator is a device of Tocalization' whereby the poet may seek to direct his audience's reaction to the narrative. — 7n6r)6(7OT|S' only here in archaic epic, but cf. 7roAuTTi5aKa (-os) (8x //., 3X HyAphr). Strabo 13.1.43, specifically linked 7roAinn8oc£ with the rivers Skamandros, Granikos, and Aisepos (cf. 12.21) whose sources all lay within twenty stadia of each other. 184 The thunderbolt is a permanent attribute of Zeus, like Hermes' staff (HyHerm 528-32) or Poseidon's trident (12.27); it does not create an expectation that Zeus is about to use it. The special epithets of gods and heroes are the aural equivalents of these pieces of equipment. 185 = 8.398, the only places in Homer where a deity is said to be winged. Iris is also OCEAAOTTOS at 8.409. Lorimer, HM 474, notes the reluctance of the earliest Greek art to welcome oriental winged monsters. As in book 8 Iris is conveniently present when Zeus requires her. 186 P&CTK* 1O1: cf. (3fj/|3&v 8' i|jev/i[jievai for the redundancy. P&CTK' 1O1 forms a complex formula with T lpi TaxeTa (4X), and occurs only twice (2.8, 24.336) outside it. Although the formation of the word is impeccable (< g w n-sko, cf. Skt gdcchati), the singular imperative is the only form attested in 245
Book Eleven the epic and only in the Iliad. Hipponax (fr. 92 West) cites the word as Lydian, cf. Hsch. |3d
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This is the third volume in the maj
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THE ILIAD: A COMMENTARY GENERAL EDI
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This volume is dedicated to the mem
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Contents COMMENTARY Book 9 55 Book
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PREFACE Students of Altertumswissen
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ABBREVIATIONS Books Adkins, Merit a
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Abbreviations Friedrich, Verwundung
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Abbreviations OCT Oxford Classical
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Abbreviations West, Ptolemaic Papyr
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Formulas Parry's typical formulas w
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Formulas |j£Ta 9peai(v) (nx //., 8
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Formulas and basic ideas of heroic
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Formulas verse. 7 The units need no
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Formulas fixed and repetitious, but
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Formulas of the verse, sentence bou
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Formulas (ocop < deipco; for 'hange
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Formulas TTOVTCO, £UpccA£/£|iTrE
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Formulas difficult if only by contr
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Formulas For verses introducing spe
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Formulas subordinate and youthful c
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Formulas construe are real enough.
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Formulas analogical, of no great an
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Formulas constructed; their context
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Formulas with ocAs at Od. 8.111. Ar
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2. The Iliad as heroic poetry Compa
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The Iliad as heroic poetry stichic
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The Iliad as heroic poetry and Serb
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The Iliad as heroic poetry The vign
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The Iliad as heroic poetry William
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The Iliad as heroic poetry Heroic s
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The Iliad as heroic poetry was what
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The Iliad as heroic poetry 91A0S. I
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The Iliad as heroic poetry been spe
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The Iliad as heroic poetry disrespe
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The Iliad as heroic poetry Where fo
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INDEX An index of Greek words appea
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atrocity, 50, 73, 139, 197-8, 241,
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ditch, Achaean, 166, 172, 188, 317,
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Herodotus, 124 heroine, 48-9, 113 h
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Mazon, P., 107, 126 meal, 71, 91, 2
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pity, 81, ioo, 119, 127, 261, 295 P
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suppliant, supplication, 127, 128,
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COMMENTARY BOOK NINE How the Iliad
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Book Nine is the best of the Achaea
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Book Nine horror of drowning (Od. 5
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Book Nine 8.521, and 16.191 (where
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Book Nine one that worries Agamemno
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Book Nine (5X //., ix Oct.). Diomed
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Book Nine ignores it; what is needf
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Book Nine picture has changed by 8.
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Book Nine spite of its adumbration
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Book Nine 114-61 Agamemnon's respon
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Book Nine Homerus (Assen 1951) 74-8
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Book Nine 145 Homer does not mentio
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Book Nine this does not seem very p
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Book Nine draw attention to the fac
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Book Nine bT opine that the heralds
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Book Nine 34, 54), which may be bro
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Book Nine quietly tolerated, for th
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Book Nine would have waited ev TTpo
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Book Nine 206-21 The theme of the e
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Book Nine conceived in Homer. It is
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Book Nine Odysseus to say 'Akhilleu
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Book Nine taken either as middle of
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Book Nine modern reading which pres
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Book Nine announces that Agamemnon
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Book Mine indifferently by (in the
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Book Nine — [iaoraK (a) would be
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Book Nine when it has been soiled.
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Book Nine possibility and (for some
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Book Nine 367 This is the only poin
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Book Nine lying waste, cf. 2.505).
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Book Nine Bridge') is exceptional (
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Book Nine 18.95-6 Thetis affirms th
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Book Nine yociav (i6x //., 12X Od.)
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Book Nine 438-9 The sense of TTEUTT
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Book Nine grandson, cf 488 and Od.
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Book Nine compare the 'cities of re
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Book Nine with bibliography. The 9p
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Book Nine "follows" Achilles, and i
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Book Nine his purposes. The heroic
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Book Nine a common noun with propar
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Book Nine Ares Thestios Molos (11.7
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Book Nine passage, is clearly brood
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Book Nine conjectural: in Hsch. the
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Book Nine 612 Akhilleus is consciou
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Book Nine world of the epic the rel
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Book Nine was first adumbrated in b
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Book Nine i.e. the Achaean army, bu
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Book Nine according to Szemerenyi,
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BOOK TEN In the scholia to book 10
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Book Ten and a trophy. The death of
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Book Ten The commentary follows in
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Book Ten 2 = 24.678. 585ur|U£VOi O
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Book Ten portrayal of the Trojans g
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Book Ten give Menelaos the same out
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Book Ten Askalaphos and Ialmenos, c
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Book Ten 75—8 The poet perhaps fo
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Book Ten 110-12 The swift Aias is A
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Book Ten conversational tone. The f
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Book Ten 170 TraT8es: only two of N
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Book Ten Hektor, the Argives, or th
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Book Ten 226 = 23.590. PP&CTCTCOV (
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Book Ten fj TO irdpos irep | ur)TT|
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Book Ten Figure i. The boar's tusk
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Book Ten straight (Amuntor was fath
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Book Ten ages past...' — aiyioxoi
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Book Ten temper, with 40 instances
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Book Ten return to this point when
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Book Ten narrative for the first an
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Book Ten beam are in one piece, see
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Book Ten 385-6 = 82-3 (Nestor distu
Page 232 and 233: Book Ten 418*20 According to Leaf O
Page 234 and 235: Book Ten 436-41 The horses are ment
Page 236 and 237: Book Ten For the contraction -|3co-
Page 238 and 239: Book Ten them at second hand from s
Page 240 and 241: Book Ten from action. Similar langu
Page 242 and 243: Book Ten addressing the hero. In ne
Page 244 and 245: Book Ten nonsense that Rhesos' anim
Page 246 and 247: Book Ten vowed by Diomedes at 292,
Page 248 and 249: BOOK ELEVEN The previous day of fig
Page 250 and 251: Book Eleven 5-21). In view of the f
Page 252 and 253: Book Eleven 'AOrjvocicov IOTCCVTO c
Page 254 and 255: Book Eleven a hundred oxen for the
Page 256 and 257: Book Eleven B ideogram 162 j|, but
Page 258 and 259: Book Eleven epithet of something na
Page 260 and 261: Book Eleven 43 A unique verse, surp
Page 262 and 263: Book Eleven 55 = x -3 but with KS90
Page 264 and 265: Book Eleven 12.463 (Hektor again),
Page 266 and 267: Book Eleven The vulgate reading ixo
Page 268 and 269: Book Eleven but once committed to a
Page 270 and 271: Book Eleven fight from a chariot (5
Page 272 and 273: Book Eleven 96 vu£(e): gx with eli
Page 274 and 275: Book Eleven pairs see Reinhardt, Iu
Page 276 and 277: Book Eleven describe, nor does the
Page 278 and 279: Book Eleven 143-7 The slaying follo
Page 280 and 281: Book Eleven together in this Book a
Page 284 and 285: Book Eleven does not conceal himsel
Page 286 and 287: Book Eleven 221 The poet answers th
Page 288 and 289: Book Eleven factual tone of the pre
Page 290 and 291: Location Head Neck Trunk Arms Legs
Page 292 and 293: Book Eleven accouchement - but like
Page 294 and 295: Book Eleven of his exploits should
Page 296 and 297: Book Eleven with a short in the per
Page 298 and 299: Book Eleven they will find themselv
Page 300 and 301: Book Eleven Catalogue - both are to
Page 302 and 303: Book Eleven have been banished from
Page 304 and 305: Book Eleven 368 T7aiovi6r|v: Agastr
Page 306 and 307: Book Eleven e.g. at 8.2i5ff. is muc
Page 308 and 309: Book Eleven who found their intende
Page 310 and 311: Book Eleven 437-8 Athene's action i
Page 312 and 313: Book Eleven 15.386), liouvcoae (Od.
Page 314 and 315: Book Eleven archery. To keep the ep
Page 316 and 317: Book Eleven battlefield is strictly
Page 318 and 319: Book Eleven ever, what was special
Page 320 and 321: Book Eleven round-shield bearer wou
Page 322 and 323: Book Eleven 571-4 =15.314-17 but wi
Page 324 and 325: Book Eleven Apisaon, and was then w
Page 326 and 327: Book Eleven there is no such thing
Page 328 and 329: Book Eleven that the Achaeans retre
Page 330 and 331: Book Eleven B. Schweitzer (Stuttgar
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Book Eleven of the wounded doctor a
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Book Eleven For a similar tale see
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Book Eleven Peloponnesos are the 'E
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Book Eleven (2 x ), as is u(3piaTT|
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Book Eleven can always be resolved
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Book Eleven make a formula for Agam
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Book Eleven say if he knew how badl
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Book Eleven the breastplate, cf. 19
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Book Eleven 6fo|Jiai), then back to
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BOOK TWELVE The twelfth Book contai
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Book Twelve with the failure of Asi
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Book Twelve region of Troy (the tom
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Book Twelve (5.524, Od. 5.478, 19.4
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Book Twelve in this case and positi
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Book Twelve 49-50 Delebecque, Cheva
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Book Twelve metrically convenient f
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Book Twelve of one principal with t
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Book Twelve 16.211-17 where the tro
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Book Twelve and its danger: the Tro
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Book Twelve the undergrowth' (Rise
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Book Twelve 156-8 This neat simile
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Book Twelve premature mention of fi
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Book Twelve (= 16.418 = 8.277 *f ge
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Book Twelve 211-29 For Pouludamas'
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Book Twelve 'OAUHTTIOU), Z. epiPpe|
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Book Twelve it, or hack it with axe
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Book Twelve as an intensive or iter
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Book Twelve warrior (Sarpedon) enco
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Book Twelve Age warrior going into
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Book Twelve is not mentioned by Hom
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Book Twelve isolated from that of t
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Book Twelve 356 uivuvOd Tiep: 'if o
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Book Twelve 386 Cf. Od. 12.414 Komr
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Book Twelve SVTOS implies Trap' ETr
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Book Twelve battlements, but the cl
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Book Twelve passage and down to 470
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