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Book Nine
Odysseus to say 'Akhilleus, you have welcomed us in regal fashion ...'
therefore understand 'we' or 'people' as subject and emBeueTs (nom. pi.) as
complement (so e.g. Ameis - Hentze). Some even proposed to read fjuev in
226 (Did/A). Not surprisingly, since antiquity this has been thought harshly
obscure. Lattimore's 'you' is presumably a slip. eTTiSeur), Aristarchus (Did,
Arn/A), and emSeuris of some MSS would indeed refer to Akhilleus; but
could Odysseus begin by reminding his host of his relations with his enemy?
The expression depends in some way on the formulas o056 TI OUUOS ESEUETO
8aiTos etoris (5x //., 2 x Od.) and ou... pcouos ESEUETO 5CCIT6S staris (24.69).
228 8aivucrO(ai) is epexegetic infinitive, 'for us to dine on'. — hrripaTOu:
eirfipocTa Bentley, in order to save the p- of epyoc. epyov has a persistent p-,
but its persistence is most evident inside formular word-groups (T&8E ipya,
Aoiyia spya, TroA8uf)'ia epya, etc.); these account for about 65 occurrences
within the verse in the Iliad. There are 12 cases of neglected p- and 14
of observed p- where the metrics are not protected by formular usage;
ETrnp&Tou may therefore stand.
230-1 These verses state the divisio of Odysseus' speech - 'the issue is
your fighting or our destruction'. Like many other such statements it is
careful to suppress the third option, 'to return home'. Akhilleus pointedly
advocates just that (417ff.). — cracbcreuEv (also at 19.401 and with -uevca at
13.96) must be aorist, the so-called 'mixed aorist' or sigmatic aorist with
thematic endings. cnroAea-Oai | vfjas: the possibility that Hektor might reach
(and burn) the ships is first mentioned at 8.182 and forms the goal towards
which the narrative wends its way until the firing of the ship of Protesilaos
at i6.ii2ff. Meanwhile reaching, saving, taking, or (the ultimate horror)
burning the ships is mentioned 35 times, running as a leitmotif through the
account of the Great Battle, see 241-2n.
233 = 6.111, where it is vocative. TpcoES UTTEpOuaoi: the Trojans have
certainly got their tails up, as happens usually to be the case where this
epithet is used (see 17.276^), but the epithet, combined as it is 3x (or 2X ,
see 11.56411.) with TTJAEKAEITOI T' emKOUpoi, where the second epithet must
be understood generically, cannot certainly be taken as a contextually
significant reference. — The epithets for the Trojans are examined by
J. Pinsent in Foxhall and Davies, Trojan War 141-62. Some they share with
the Achaeans (ocixuT|Tai, ueyaOuuoi, cpiAoTTToAeuoi); those special to the
Trojans (dyfjvopES, Oppiorcd, U7T£pr|vop£ovTES3 UTrepOuuoi, CnrepcpiaAoi),
which may be shared with individual Achaeans, present them as highspirited
to excess.
231 The metaphor 6u