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Book Nine would have waited ev TTpoOupoiai, like Nestor and Odysseus at 11.777, or Telemakhos and Peisistratos at Od. 4.20. In short the scene envisages a simple structure appropriate to an army in the field. When the KAI T ° v 5e u. x> T( £ H g u - X-) w * tn modifications to accommodate pronouns (ou8£ TI UIV x-, TITTTE 8e as X«)- —
Book Nine in the luxury of their palaces. The classical habit of reclining did not become customary until c. 600, on the evidence of Athenian vase-paintings, and then not universally. 201 The Achaeans brought some non-combatants with them to Troy (KUpEpvqTai and Tauioci are mentioned at 19.43-4, to whom we may add heralds), but oddly enough no menial servants for the present tasks: nor were Trojan prisoners pressed into this sort of service (Agamemnon's remarks at 2.127 were hypothetical, for an exception see n.624n.). In Agamemnon's apparently grand establishment (it is nowhere described in detail) there were Kf|pUK£S and Koupoi (174-5) to act as waiters, but in this book Akhilleus' hut is represented as a modest shelter where self-service is the rule. Consequently Patroklos and Automedon (209) and even Akhilleus himself must do the jobs performed elsewhere by Koupoi and, in the Odyssey, by 5uGoai. It may be remarked that, though the heroes wash before prayers (174), in the Iliad they never wash before meals, a universal habit (assisted, however, by female domestics) in the Odyssey. Patroklos accepted his orders in silence, as he had done in delivering up Briseis (205 = 1.345), see 2O 5 n - 202-4 Kpr|Tfipa: the poet attributes to the Heroic Age the drinking practice of his own and later times, although the Greek practice of diluting the wine is implied by Myc. ka-ra-te-ra MY Ue 611. Classical mixing bowls typically hold about three gallons (14 litres). — £copoT6pov: three parts water to one of wine are the unheroic proportions recommended by Hesiod, Erga 596 (see West's n. adloc). Athenaeus (426B—43IB) cites various mixtures, none stronger than 1:1. (Which of Alcaeus' 1 : 2 mixture was the wine is disputed, see D. L. Page, Sappho and Alcaeus (Oxford 1955) 308.) The strength of wine that retained some sweetness (usOu f|5u, U6Air|8ea oTvov) after natural fermentation would give point to the dilution. ueAdOpco, 'roof-beam', 'roof, usually refers to a palatial dwelling, e.g. 2.414 (Priam's palace). The description of the hut in book 24 (see i92n.) and that of Eumaios' dwelling in Od. 14.5-10 show how the idea of a palace would override that of a cottage and credit a modest structure with an implausible architecture. 205 Patroklos makes no reply. bT make this a point of characterization, cf. their remark at 11.616, o-icoirrjAos del KOCI lvr|T)s TT&TpoKAos. His selfeffacing and gentle nature (ivr|6ir|, 17.670) is often praised by the exegetical scholia (bT at 1.307, 337, 345). Kindliness, like other co-operative virtues, is appropriate between friends, but there is no reason why it should be shown to enemies; Patroklos displays his mettle in book 16. In spite of his disapproval of Akhilleus' present attitude towards his friends, which surfaces at 16.29-35, respect for his superior in rank keeps Patroklos silent at this point. His silence is, of course, necessary if Akhilleus is to maintain his present stance. 90
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This is the third volume in the maj
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THE ILIAD: A COMMENTARY GENERAL EDI
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This volume is dedicated to the mem
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Contents COMMENTARY Book 9 55 Book
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PREFACE Students of Altertumswissen
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ABBREVIATIONS Books Adkins, Merit a
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Abbreviations Friedrich, Verwundung
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Abbreviations OCT Oxford Classical
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Abbreviations West, Ptolemaic Papyr
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Formulas Parry's typical formulas w
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Formulas |j£Ta 9peai(v) (nx //., 8
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Formulas and basic ideas of heroic
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Formulas verse. 7 The units need no
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Formulas fixed and repetitious, but
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Formulas of the verse, sentence bou
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Formulas (ocop < deipco; for 'hange
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Formulas TTOVTCO, £UpccA£/£|iTrE
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Formulas difficult if only by contr
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Formulas For verses introducing spe
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Formulas subordinate and youthful c
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Formulas construe are real enough.
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Formulas analogical, of no great an
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Formulas constructed; their context
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Formulas with ocAs at Od. 8.111. Ar
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2. The Iliad as heroic poetry Compa
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The Iliad as heroic poetry stichic
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The Iliad as heroic poetry and Serb
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The Iliad as heroic poetry The vign
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The Iliad as heroic poetry William
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The Iliad as heroic poetry Heroic s
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The Iliad as heroic poetry was what
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The Iliad as heroic poetry 91A0S. I
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The Iliad as heroic poetry been spe
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The Iliad as heroic poetry disrespe
Page 75 and 76: The Iliad as heroic poetry Where fo
Page 78 and 79: INDEX An index of Greek words appea
Page 80 and 81: atrocity, 50, 73, 139, 197-8, 241,
Page 82 and 83: ditch, Achaean, 166, 172, 188, 317,
Page 84 and 85: Herodotus, 124 heroine, 48-9, 113 h
Page 86 and 87: Mazon, P., 107, 126 meal, 71, 91, 2
Page 88 and 89: pity, 81, ioo, 119, 127, 261, 295 P
Page 90 and 91: suppliant, supplication, 127, 128,
Page 92 and 93: COMMENTARY BOOK NINE How the Iliad
Page 94 and 95: Book Nine is the best of the Achaea
Page 96 and 97: Book Nine horror of drowning (Od. 5
Page 98 and 99: Book Nine 8.521, and 16.191 (where
Page 100 and 101: Book Nine one that worries Agamemno
Page 102 and 103: Book Nine (5X //., ix Oct.). Diomed
Page 104 and 105: Book Nine ignores it; what is needf
Page 106 and 107: Book Nine picture has changed by 8.
Page 108 and 109: Book Nine spite of its adumbration
Page 110 and 111: Book Nine 114-61 Agamemnon's respon
Page 112 and 113: Book Nine Homerus (Assen 1951) 74-8
Page 114 and 115: Book Nine 145 Homer does not mentio
Page 116 and 117: Book Nine this does not seem very p
Page 118 and 119: Book Nine draw attention to the fac
Page 120 and 121: Book Nine bT opine that the heralds
Page 122 and 123: Book Nine 34, 54), which may be bro
Page 124 and 125: Book Nine quietly tolerated, for th
Page 128 and 129: Book Nine 206-21 The theme of the e
Page 130 and 131: Book Nine conceived in Homer. It is
Page 132 and 133: Book Nine Odysseus to say 'Akhilleu
Page 134 and 135: Book Nine taken either as middle of
Page 136 and 137: Book Nine modern reading which pres
Page 138 and 139: Book Nine announces that Agamemnon
Page 140 and 141: Book Mine indifferently by (in the
Page 142 and 143: Book Nine — [iaoraK (a) would be
Page 144 and 145: Book Nine when it has been soiled.
Page 146 and 147: Book Nine possibility and (for some
Page 148 and 149: Book Nine 367 This is the only poin
Page 150 and 151: Book Nine lying waste, cf. 2.505).
Page 152 and 153: Book Nine Bridge') is exceptional (
Page 154 and 155: Book Nine 18.95-6 Thetis affirms th
Page 156 and 157: Book Nine yociav (i6x //., 12X Od.)
Page 158 and 159: Book Nine 438-9 The sense of TTEUTT
Page 160 and 161: Book Nine grandson, cf 488 and Od.
Page 162 and 163: Book Nine compare the 'cities of re
Page 164 and 165: Book Nine with bibliography. The 9p
Page 166 and 167: Book Nine "follows" Achilles, and i
Page 168 and 169: Book Nine his purposes. The heroic
Page 170 and 171: Book Nine a common noun with propar
Page 172 and 173: Book Nine Ares Thestios Molos (11.7
Page 174 and 175: Book Nine passage, is clearly brood
Page 176 and 177:
Book Nine conjectural: in Hsch. the
Page 178 and 179:
Book Nine 612 Akhilleus is consciou
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Book Nine world of the epic the rel
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Book Nine was first adumbrated in b
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Book Nine i.e. the Achaean army, bu
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Book Nine according to Szemerenyi,
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BOOK TEN In the scholia to book 10
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Book Ten and a trophy. The death of
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Book Ten The commentary follows in
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Book Ten 2 = 24.678. 585ur|U£VOi O
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Book Ten portrayal of the Trojans g
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Book Ten give Menelaos the same out
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Book Ten Askalaphos and Ialmenos, c
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Book Ten 75—8 The poet perhaps fo
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Book Ten 110-12 The swift Aias is A
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Book Ten conversational tone. The f
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Book Ten 170 TraT8es: only two of N
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Book Ten Hektor, the Argives, or th
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Book Ten 226 = 23.590. PP&CTCTCOV (
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Book Ten fj TO irdpos irep | ur)TT|
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Book Ten Figure i. The boar's tusk
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Book Ten straight (Amuntor was fath
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Book Ten ages past...' — aiyioxoi
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Book Ten temper, with 40 instances
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Book Ten return to this point when
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Book Ten narrative for the first an
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Book Ten beam are in one piece, see
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Book Ten 385-6 = 82-3 (Nestor distu
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Book Ten 418*20 According to Leaf O
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Book Ten 436-41 The horses are ment
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Book Ten For the contraction -|3co-
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Book Ten them at second hand from s
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Book Ten from action. Similar langu
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Book Ten addressing the hero. In ne
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Book Ten nonsense that Rhesos' anim
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Book Ten vowed by Diomedes at 292,
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BOOK ELEVEN The previous day of fig
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Book Eleven 5-21). In view of the f
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Book Eleven 'AOrjvocicov IOTCCVTO c
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Book Eleven a hundred oxen for the
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Book Eleven B ideogram 162 j|, but
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Book Eleven epithet of something na
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Book Eleven 43 A unique verse, surp
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Book Eleven 55 = x -3 but with KS90
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Book Eleven 12.463 (Hektor again),
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Book Eleven The vulgate reading ixo
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Book Eleven but once committed to a
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Book Eleven fight from a chariot (5
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Book Eleven 96 vu£(e): gx with eli
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Book Eleven pairs see Reinhardt, Iu
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Book Eleven describe, nor does the
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Book Eleven 143-7 The slaying follo
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Book Eleven together in this Book a
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Book Eleven empty: now, 179, they a
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Book Eleven does not conceal himsel
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Book Eleven 221 The poet answers th
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Book Eleven factual tone of the pre
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Location Head Neck Trunk Arms Legs
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Book Eleven accouchement - but like
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Book Eleven of his exploits should
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Book Eleven with a short in the per
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Book Eleven they will find themselv
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Book Eleven Catalogue - both are to
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Book Eleven have been banished from
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Book Eleven 368 T7aiovi6r|v: Agastr
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Book Eleven e.g. at 8.2i5ff. is muc
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Book Eleven who found their intende
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Book Eleven 437-8 Athene's action i
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Book Eleven 15.386), liouvcoae (Od.
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Book Eleven archery. To keep the ep
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Book Eleven battlefield is strictly
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Book Eleven ever, what was special
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Book Eleven round-shield bearer wou
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Book Eleven 571-4 =15.314-17 but wi
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Book Eleven Apisaon, and was then w
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Book Eleven there is no such thing
Page 328 and 329:
Book Eleven that the Achaeans retre
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Book Eleven B. Schweitzer (Stuttgar
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Book Eleven of the wounded doctor a
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Book Eleven For a similar tale see
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Book Eleven Peloponnesos are the 'E
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Book Eleven (2 x ), as is u(3piaTT|
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Book Eleven can always be resolved
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Book Eleven make a formula for Agam
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Book Eleven say if he knew how badl
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Book Eleven the breastplate, cf. 19
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Book Eleven 6fo|Jiai), then back to
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BOOK TWELVE The twelfth Book contai
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Book Twelve with the failure of Asi
Page 354 and 355:
Book Twelve region of Troy (the tom
Page 356 and 357:
Book Twelve (5.524, Od. 5.478, 19.4
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Book Twelve in this case and positi
Page 360 and 361:
Book Twelve 49-50 Delebecque, Cheva
Page 362 and 363:
Book Twelve metrically convenient f
Page 364 and 365:
Book Twelve of one principal with t
Page 366 and 367:
Book Twelve 16.211-17 where the tro
Page 368 and 369:
Book Twelve and its danger: the Tro
Page 370 and 371:
Book Twelve the undergrowth' (Rise
Page 372 and 373:
Book Twelve 156-8 This neat simile
Page 374 and 375:
Book Twelve premature mention of fi
Page 376 and 377:
Book Twelve (= 16.418 = 8.277 *f ge
Page 378 and 379:
Book Twelve 211-29 For Pouludamas'
Page 380 and 381:
Book Twelve 'OAUHTTIOU), Z. epiPpe|
Page 382 and 383:
Book Twelve it, or hack it with axe
Page 384 and 385:
Book Twelve as an intensive or iter
Page 386 and 387:
Book Twelve warrior (Sarpedon) enco
Page 388 and 389:
Book Twelve Age warrior going into
Page 390 and 391:
Book Twelve is not mentioned by Hom
Page 392 and 393:
Book Twelve isolated from that of t
Page 394 and 395:
Book Twelve 356 uivuvOd Tiep: 'if o
Page 396 and 397:
Book Twelve 386 Cf. Od. 12.414 Komr
Page 398 and 399:
Book Twelve SVTOS implies Trap' ETr
Page 400 and 401:
Book Twelve battlements, but the cl
Page 402 and 403:
Book Twelve passage and down to 470
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