Surgery and Healing in the Developing World - Dartmouth-Hitchcock

More documents

Recommendations

Info

8 66 Surgery and Healing in the Developing World Blood Widal Test for Salmonella Typhi and Paratyphi (A, B and C) The Widal test is used to detect antibodies in the blood to the organism. This test can be performed with the aid of a manufacturers kit that contains both the necessary reagents and instruction on use. Serum or plasma can generally be used for detection. Consult the kt for specific instructions. VDRL (Veneral Disease Research Laboratories) VDRL is used to detect Treponema pallidum in patents suspected of having syphilis. This test can be done with the aid of a manufacturer’s kit. Consult kit for details on procedure. Urine Analysis Urine can be collected in glass bottles. If a centrifuge is available pour urine into a glass test tube, and spin at 1500 rpm for 10 min. Pour off the liquid leaving the sediment behind. Remove sediment and place a small amount on a glass slid and cover with a slip taking care not to introduce bubbles. If no centrifuge is available allow urine to sediment for 3-4 hours then carefully remove all but the sediment and continue as above. Examine under microscope as for Leishman stain. Things to note include bacteria, casts, crystals, cells and yeast. Parasites Blood The Field Stain Field stain is commonly used to detect the presence of malaria parasites in the blood of patients exhibiting symptoms of the malaria. Although Leishman stain can also be used to detect the parasites, Field stain is easy to use and gives the best results. This stain will also detect trypanosomiasis and filaria. To detect parasite obtain anti-coagulated patient blood sample. Field Stain Procedure 1. Make a thin and thick smear of patient’s blood. (Note: Both smears must be stained and examined to ensure correct diagnosis). 2. Fix smear with heat for 3 sec. 3. Cover smear with solution A for 5 sec. 4. Wash smear with running water for 5 sec, or until water runs clear. 5. Cover smear with solution B for 3 sec. 6. Repeat wash. 7. Allow smear to air dry and view under microscope. Microscopic Observation of Field Stain Examine the smear under the microscope as previously described. Be sure to thoroughly examine the smear for a full 5 min before determining that it is negative. The parasite form will vary depending on the stage of the cycle and the type of malaria. A color atlas of malaria parasites should be included in the suitcase to enable comparison. The degree of infection can be determined by calculating the number of infected red blood cells. The more parasites present the more severe the disease.
Lab in a Suitcase Stool Stool should be collected in a suitable clean container (depending on consistence). Make a smear on a glass slide and cover with a slip. View under the microscope. Examine for blood, cysts, ova and amoebas. Acknowledgements We are grateful to Dr. Laji Varghese of Lady Willingdon Hospital for his support and guidance. Many thanks go to Mercy Abraham and Bindu Jacob of Lady Willingdon’s clinical laboratory for all their help and expertise. References 1. McMulen R, Jong E. The travel and tropical medicine manual. 2 nd ed. Philadelphia: WB Saunders Company, 1995. 2. Frei J, Heuck CC, Riesen W et al. Production of basic laboratory reagents. 6 Stains for hematolog, microbiology and parasitology. Egypt WHO 1995; 67-170. 3. Reich PR. Scope manual of hematology. 3 rd Ed. Michigan: The Upjohn Company, 1974. 4. Hope RA, Longmore ZM, McManus SK et al. Oxford handbook of clinical medicine. 4 th Ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998. 67 8
Page 1 and 2:
Surgery and Healing in the Developi
Page 3 and 4:
Contents Foreword .................
Page 5 and 6:
25. Dentistry .....................
Page 7 and 8:
Editor Contributors Harold P. Adolp
Page 9:
Foreword Surgery and Healing in the
Page 12 and 13:
“poor, but modern”, as for exam
Page 14 and 15:
There may be at least one considera
Page 16 and 17:
It is that higher accountability th
Page 18 and 19:
1 2 Surgery and Healing in the Deve
Page 20 and 21:
Page 22 and 23:
CHAPTER 2 Surgery in Developing Cou
Page 24 and 25:
Page 26 and 27:
2 10 Surgery and Healing in the Dev
Page 28 and 29:
Page 30 and 31:
Page 32 and 33: 3 16 Surgery and Healing in the Dev
Page 34 and 35: CHAPTER 4 International Surgical Ed
Page 84 and 85: CHAPTER 9 Lab-in-a-Suitcase: Saving
Page 88 and 89: 10 72 Surgery and Healing in the De
Page 108 and 109: CHAPTER 12 Communication in the Thi
Page 114 and 115: CHAPTER 13 Anesthesia in the Third
Page 116 and 117: 13 100 Surgery and Healing in the D
Page 132 and 133:
14 116 Surgery and Healing in the D
Page 134 and 135:
CHAPTER 15 Basic Obstetrics and Obs
Page 136 and 137:
Page 138 and 139:
Page 140 and 141:
Page 142 and 143:
Page 144 and 145:
Page 146 and 147:
Page 148 and 149:
Page 150 and 151:
Page 152 and 153:
Page 154 and 155:
Page 156 and 157:
Page 158 and 159:
Page 160 and 161:
CHAPTER 16 Pointers for American Su
Page 162 and 163:
Page 164 and 165:
Page 166 and 167:
Page 168 and 169:
Page 170 and 171:
Page 172 and 173:
Page 174 and 175:
Page 176 and 177:
Page 178 and 179:
Page 180 and 181:
Page 182 and 183:
Page 184 and 185:
Page 186 and 187:
Page 188 and 189:
Page 190 and 191:
Page 192 and 193:
Page 194 and 195:
Page 196 and 197:
Page 198 and 199:
Page 200 and 201:
Page 202 and 203:
CHAPTER 20 Chronic Pyogenic Osteomy
Page 204 and 205:
Page 206 and 207:
Page 208 and 209:
Page 210 and 211:
Page 212 and 213:
Page 214 and 215:
Page 216 and 217:
CHAPTER 23 Cleft Lip and Palate Sur
Page 218 and 219:
Page 220 and 221:
Page 222 and 223:
Page 224 and 225:
Page 226 and 227:
Page 228 and 229:
Page 230 and 231:
Page 232 and 233:
Page 234 and 235:
CHAPTER 24 Outreach Dentistry: A Wo
Page 236 and 237:
Page 238 and 239:
Page 240 and 241:
Page 242 and 243:
Page 244 and 245:
Page 246 and 247:
Page 248 and 249:
Page 250 and 251:
Page 252 and 253:
Page 254 and 255:
Page 256 and 257:
Page 258 and 259:
CHAPTER 1 CHAPTER 26 Reconstructive
Page 260 and 261:
Reconstructive Surgery in the Tropi
Page 262 and 263:
Page 264 and 265:
Page 266 and 267:
Page 268 and 269:
Page 270 and 271:
Page 272 and 273:
Page 274 and 275:
Page 276 and 277:
Page 278 and 279:
Page 280 and 281:
Page 282 and 283:
Page 284 and 285:
Page 286 and 287:
Page 288 and 289:
Page 290 and 291:
Page 292 and 293:
CHAPTER 1 CHAPTER 27 Factors Influe
Page 294 and 295:
Distribution and Incidence of Tropi
Page 296 and 297:
Page 298 and 299:
Page 300 and 301:
CHAPTER 1 CHAPTER 28 Population Dyn
Page 302 and 303:
Population Dynamics Of Surgical Tro
Page 304 and 305:
Metabolic Maladaptation 289 Introdu
Page 306 and 307:
Metabolic Maladaptation 291 some of
Page 308 and 309:
Metabolic Maladaptation 293 In this
Page 310 and 311:
Metabolic Maladaptation Table 1. Si
Page 312 and 313:
Metabolic Maladaptation Table 4. Go
Page 314 and 315:
Metabolic Maladaptation 299 the rev
Page 316 and 317:
Metabolic Maladaptation Table 5. As
Page 318 and 319:
Metabolic Maladaptation Table 6. Co
Page 320 and 321:
Metabolic Maladaptation 305 the ris
Page 322 and 323:
Metabolic Maladaptation Table 8. Go
Page 324 and 325:
Metabolic Maladaptation Table 10. G
Page 326 and 327:
Metabolic Maladaptation Table 12. C
Page 328 and 329:
Metabolic Maladaptation 313 cell an
Page 330 and 331:
Metabolic Maladaptation 315 Biologi
Page 332 and 333:
Metabolic Maladaptation 317 from io
Page 334 and 335:
Metabolic Maladaptation 319 25. Lon
Page 336 and 337:
CHAPTER 1 CHAPTER 30 Nutrition and
Page 338 and 339:
Nutrition and Development in Africa
Page 340 and 341:
CHAPTER 1 CHAPTER 31 Uterine Ruptur
Page 342 and 343:
Uterine Ruptures in Rural Zaire Tab
Page 344 and 345:
Uterine Ruptures in Rural Zaire 329
Page 346 and 347:
CHAPTER 1 CHAPTER 32 Vesicovaginal
Page 348 and 349:
Vesicovaginal Fistula in Democratic
Page 350 and 351:
CHAPTER 1 CHAPTER 33 Ophthalmology
Page 352 and 353:
Ophthalmology Figure 2. Refractive
Page 354 and 355:
Ophthalmology Figure 4. A tonometer
Page 356 and 357:
Ophthalmology 341 ml of 40 mg/ml IV
Page 358 and 359:
Ophthalmology Figure 6. Axis determ
Page 360 and 361:
Ophthalmology 345 thalmic set prepa
Page 362 and 363:
Ophthalmology 347 Procedures Region
Page 364 and 365:
Accommodating Deficits in Material
Page 366 and 367:
Page 368 and 369:
Page 370 and 371:
Page 372 and 373:
Page 374 and 375:
Abscesses and Other Infections Trea
Page 376 and 377:
Page 378 and 379:
Page 380 and 381:
Page 382 and 383:
Page 384 and 385:
Page 386 and 387:
Page 388 and 389:
Page 390 and 391:
Page 392 and 393:
Page 394 and 395:
CHAPTER 1 CHAPTER 36 Surgical Train
Page 396 and 397:
Surgical Training of Nurses for Rur
Page 398 and 399:
Page 400 and 401:
Page 402 and 403:
Training of Medical Assitants in Mo
Page 404 and 405:
CHAPTER 1 CHAPTER 38 Training Surge
Page 406 and 407:
Training Surgeons in the Developing
Page 408 and 409:
Page 410 and 411:
Page 412 and 413:
Page 414 and 415:
Page 416 and 417:
Page 418 and 419:
Page 420 and 421:
Mobile Surgery Figure 1. 405 of tec
Page 422 and 423:
Mobile Surgery Figure 3. 407 Childr
Page 424 and 425:
Mobile Surgery 409 We have realized
Page 426 and 427:
CHAPTER 1 CHAPTER 40 Public Health
Page 428 and 429:
Public Health Problems on Burma Fro
Page 430 and 431:
Page 432 and 433:
Page 434 and 435:
Medical Adventures in the Nigerian
Page 436 and 437:
Page 438 and 439:
Page 440 and 441:
Page 442 and 443:
Page 444 and 445:
CHAPTER 1 CHAPTER 42 Wanted Glenn G
Page 446 and 447:
Wanted 431 Studies Center (//www.am
Page 448 and 449:
Wanted 433 MacArthur (The John D. a
Page 450 and 451:
Wanted 435 most pathologic presenta
Page 452 and 453:
Wanted 437 “outliers” in the he
Page 454 and 455:
World Health 439 challenge: name fo
Page 456 and 457:
CHAPTER 1 CHAPTER 44 Treating Other
Page 458 and 459:
Treating Others: Human Sciences in
Page 460 and 461:
Treating Others: Human Sciences in
Page 462 and 463:
CHAPTER 1 CHAPTER 45 The Impact of
Page 464 and 465:
The Impact of a Volunteer Medical M
Page 466 and 467:
Page 468 and 469:
Page 470 and 471:
Page 472 and 473:
Page 474 and 475:
Page 476 and 477:
CHAPTER 1 CHAPTER 46 Field Notes on
Page 478 and 479:
Field Notes on a Typical Day in a H
Page 480 and 481:
Page 482 and 483:
Page 484 and 485:
show all

Surgery and Healing in the Developing World - Dartmouth-Hitchcock

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?