Final Report - Ohio Department of Transportation

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$Page 1 of 8 Traffic Survey Report 12/29/2006 file://X:\TC\Traffic ...$

Credit This document was prepared in cooperation with the Ohio Department of Transportation and the U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration. Disclaimer The contents of this report reflect the views of the authors who are responsible for the facts and the accuracy of the data presented herein. The contents do not necessarily reflect the official views or policies of the Ohio Department of Transportation or the Federal Highway Administration. This report does not constitute a standard, specification or regulation. Acknowledgments The authors gratefully acknowledge the contributions made by Dr. Zhanping You of the Michigan Technical University Center of Excellence for Transportation Materials who assisted in the assessment of the assessment of non-petroleum sources of asphalt production, the Cities of Shaker Heights and Cleveland Heights who provided the fundamental source of the yard wastes analyzed in this research and the CWRU Department of Civil Engineering which provided the experimental facilities necessary to accomplish the research. iv
Table of Contents Report Cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . i Technical Report Documentation Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ii Title page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iii Credit and Disclaimer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iv Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iv Table of Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v Lists of Figures, List of Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vi 1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1.1 Recent Interest in Carbonization as a “Green” Technology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1.2 Carbonization Research at Case Western Reserve University . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 1.3 Desirability of Non-petroleum Sources for Asphalt Production . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 1.4 Yard Waste Generation and Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 1.5 Pyrolysis and Carbonization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 1.6 Asphalt Binder Tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 1.7 Fundamental Problem and Research Approach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 2. Research Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 3. General Description of Research (Materials and Methods) . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 3.1 Sample Collection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 3.2 Sample Preparation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 3.3 Testing Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 3.4 Data Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 4. Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 5. Conclusions and Recommendations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 6. Implementation Plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 7. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 Appendix A - The Asphalt Institute’s Specifications for Ohio Asphalt Testing . . . . 53 v
Page 1: Final Report Bioasphalt from Urban
Page 6 and 7: List of Figures, Tables and Notatio
Page 8 and 9: 1. Introduction The research projec
Page 10 and 11: Fig. 1 - Nutrient Poor Oxisol (left
Page 12 and 13: Table 2 - Examples of Feed Stocks T
Page 14 and 15: CWRU’s carbonization reactors fal
Page 16 and 17: Table 3 - Results of Initial Carbon
Page 18 and 19: The results of the growth studies w
Page 20 and 21: The Shell Oil Company has experimen
Page 22 and 23: of the windrows for aeration. The c
Page 24 and 25: implementing the tests for which OD
Page 26 and 27: (8) Apply YWC to a sufficient volum
Page 28 and 29: Fig. 10 -Yard Waste Brush Pile (Oak
Page 30 and 31: 3.3 Testing Methods Drying - To mea
Page 32 and 33: Fig. 16 - Sealed Carbonization Reac
Page 34 and 35: interior temperature of the furnace
Page 36 and 37: Fig. 22 - Maple Samaras Before Carb
Page 38 and 39: 3.4 Data Analysis In order to calcu
Page 40 and 41: 2009 Buckeye Fruit 10.37 51.64 37.9
Page 42 and 43: 2010 Rhododendron Leaves 57.36 18.9
Page 44 and 45: Fig. 26 - Improvement of Byproduct
Page 46 and 47: One task of the research project wa
Page 48 and 49: Table 10 - National Asphalt Organiz
Page 50 and 51: Table 15 - Composting Organizations
Page 52 and 53: had a significant aqueous fraction.
Page 54 and 55:
Bishara, S.W.,Robertson, R.E. and M
Page 56 and 57:
Ji-Lu, Z., (2007), “Bio-oil from
Page 58 and 59:
Terrel. R.L. (1980), “Evaluation
Page 60:
Appendix A - The Asphalt Institute
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Final Report - Ohio Department of Transportation

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