Final Report - Ohio Department of Transportation

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$Page 1 of 8 Traffic Survey Report 12/29/2006 file://X:\TC\Traffic ...$

3.3 Testing Methods Drying - To measure the moisture content of each yard waste component, specimens of known mass were left to dry in crucibles (of known mass) overnight (approx. 18-20 hr.) in a drying oven at a temperature of 97 o C. The mass of the crucible (mr), mass of the crucible with yard waste before drying (mr+yw), and the mass of the crucible with yard waste after drying (mr+dyw) were measured with a Denver Instrument Company A-250 balance. The yard waste moisture content (MC) was then calculated as follows. 23 (Eq. 1) The results of these calculations for each component are included in the Results section of this report. Figures 14 and 15 show two examples of samples after the drying process. Fig. 14 - Dried Willow Branches
Fig. 15 - Black Locust Leaves After Drying Carbonization - The carbonization process required a reactor that prevented sample exposure to oxygen as the yard waste was heated. The principal part of the reactor used was a 0.95 1 (1 U.S. quart) steel vessel, modified with an off gas discharge port that could be piped out of the muffle furnace heat source and into a off gas management system (see Fig. 16). This reactor was designed with an emergency blowoff lid that would prevent the generation of excessive pressure in the reactor if the discharge piping became plugged. After it was filled with a sample of yard waste and sealed, the carbonization reactor was set in a Fischer Scientific Isotemp Programmable Muffle Furnace (see Fig. 16). The reactor was attached to copper discharge piping, directing off-gases into a 250 ml collection flask on top of the muffle furnace. Adjustable electric BriskHeat XTremeFLEX heating tape was wrapped around the copper discharge piping to maintain an off gas temperature consistent with the heating setting of the muffle furnace. The temperature of the pipe was monitored by thermocouples, installed underneath the heating tape. The first thermocouple monitored the temperature at the end of the copper pipe, where a second (added in later trials) monitored the beginning of the pipe. The off gases entered the collection flask through a glass fitting that was connected with high temperature silicone sealing tape from Nashua Tape Products. This fitting 24
Page 1: Final Report Bioasphalt from Urban
Page 4 and 5: Credit This document was prepared i
Page 6 and 7: List of Figures, Tables and Notatio
Page 8 and 9: 1. Introduction The research projec
Page 10 and 11: Fig. 1 - Nutrient Poor Oxisol (left
Page 12 and 13: Table 2 - Examples of Feed Stocks T
Page 14 and 15: CWRU’s carbonization reactors fal
Page 16 and 17: Table 3 - Results of Initial Carbon
Page 18 and 19: The results of the growth studies w
Page 20 and 21: The Shell Oil Company has experimen
Page 22 and 23: of the windrows for aeration. The c
Page 24 and 25: implementing the tests for which OD
Page 26 and 27: (8) Apply YWC to a sufficient volum
Page 28 and 29: Fig. 10 -Yard Waste Brush Pile (Oak
Page 32 and 33: Fig. 16 - Sealed Carbonization Reac
Page 34 and 35: interior temperature of the furnace
Page 36 and 37: Fig. 22 - Maple Samaras Before Carb
Page 38 and 39: 3.4 Data Analysis In order to calcu
Page 40 and 41: 2009 Buckeye Fruit 10.37 51.64 37.9
Page 42 and 43: 2010 Rhododendron Leaves 57.36 18.9
Page 44 and 45: Fig. 26 - Improvement of Byproduct
Page 46 and 47: One task of the research project wa
Page 48 and 49: Table 10 - National Asphalt Organiz
Page 50 and 51: Table 15 - Composting Organizations
Page 52 and 53: had a significant aqueous fraction.
Page 54 and 55: Bishara, S.W.,Robertson, R.E. and M
Page 56 and 57: Ji-Lu, Z., (2007), “Bio-oil from
Page 58 and 59: Terrel. R.L. (1980), “Evaluation
Page 60: Appendix A - The Asphalt Institute

Final Report - Ohio Department of Transportation

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