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JUDICIAL CLERKSHIP HANDBOOK - Cornell University Law School

JUDICIAL CLERKSHIP HANDBOOK - Cornell University Law School

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valuable. (For further discussion, see Appendix C, “The Value of Judicial Clerkships to a<br />

Transactional Career.”)<br />

We encourage you to read the feedback we have collected from <strong>Cornell</strong> graduates who<br />

have clerked in federal and state courts. Their comments are overwhelmingly positive and<br />

provide tremendous insight into the clerkship experience. Some discuss the clerkship<br />

search process as well. Log on to Symplicity (https://law‐cornell‐<br />

csm.symplicity.com/students/index.php) and click the “clerkships” tab. Then select<br />

“clerkship evaluation.” You can search by a variety of factors (name, court, city, etc.) or just<br />

browse all of the evaluations to get a broad range of information.<br />

THE COURTS AND THEIR <strong>CLERKSHIP</strong>S<br />

STATE COURTS<br />

Most state‐court systems mirror the structure of the federal system, with trial courts of<br />

general jurisdiction, intermediate appellate courts, and a court of last resort. In addition to<br />

these courts of general jurisdiction, most states also have trial courts of limited jurisdiction<br />

as well.<br />

U.S. DISTRICT COURTS<br />

District courts have jurisdiction over cases arising under federal question and diversity<br />

jurisdiction and comprise the first level of the federal court system. District courts consider<br />

a wide range of civil and criminal matters. There are 93 U.S. district courts, located in each<br />

of the states (each state has at least one district court, some have as many as four), the<br />

District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, Guam, and the Panama Canal Zone.<br />

Since district courts are trial courts, a law clerk at this level is involved in the many decisions<br />

that take place at every stage of the litigation process. Briefs submitted tend to be shorter<br />

than at the appellate level. Decision making is fact oriented. A clerk may assist with<br />

discovery disputes, settlement conferences, pretrial, trial, and post‐trial motions, and, in<br />

criminal cases, sentencing. Trial court clerks, in general, have substantial contact with<br />

attorneys and witnesses. District court opinions are published only when the trial judge<br />

elects.<br />

MAGISTRATE JUDGES<br />

Each federal district court has magistrate judges attached to it. Each district establishes its<br />

own rules regarding the assignments that may be made to magistrate judges. Generally,<br />

these judicial officers perform many functions similar to those performed by judges, but<br />

they do not have the authority to make final decisions. Magistrate judges typically have a<br />

great deal of responsibility in handling the pretrial stages of cases ‐ issuing arrest warrants,<br />

handling discovery matters, and making recommendation on motions for dismissal and<br />

motions for summary judgment. Magistrate judges can try individuals accused of minor<br />

criminal offenses and may also conduct all of the proceedings in civil cases upon the<br />

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