Untitled - The Alfred Russel Wallace Website
Untitled - The Alfred Russel Wallace Website Untitled - The Alfred Russel Wallace Website
376 NOTES OF A BOTANIST CHAP. The Ibises doubtless undertake these voyages from the testimony and under the elders, far more than from any guidance inherited of the know- the flights of butterflies ledge or instinct ; whereas one would think must be directed by instinct alone, without any aid from experience. Many mammals wander far in search of food; and some that go in bands, such as wild Pigs and some Monkeys, have known feeding -places at certain times of the year, when some particular kind of fruit is in season there ; so that the experienced Indian hunter often knows in what direction to bend his steps to fall in with a certain class of game. It is well known how fond all animals are of the Alligator pear, which is the fruit of a large Laurel (Persea gratissima). cats prefer it to every other kind of food ; I have seen and the wild cat-like animals are said to be all passionately fond of it. I have been told by an Indian that in the forests between the Uaupes and the Japura, he once came on four Jaguars under a wild Alligator pear tree, gnawing the fallen fruits and snarling over them as so many cats might do. I have gathered flowers of at least four species of Persea, but was never fortunate enough to find one of them with ripe fruit ; so that I have missed seeing the concourse of animals of many kinds which I am assured assemble in and under those trees, attracted by the fruit. \Yhile speaking of fruit-eating carnivora, it is worth mentioning that dogs in South America often take naturally to eating fruit. I had in Peru a fine Spanish spaniel who, so long as he could get ripe plantains, asked for no better food. He would hold them between his paws and pull off
ANIMAL MIGRATIONS 377 the skin in strips with his teeth so delicately as not to foul them in the least ; so that I have occasion- ally eaten a plantain of his peeling. I fancy Monkeys sometimes go on day after day along the banks of a river, their rate of progress depending on the quantity of food they find to eat and waste. I have watched them at this in a strip of Mauritia palms, which stretched for a distance of some days' journey along the banks of a river. The Chorro (Barrigudo of Brazil), a monkey of the hot plain, sometimes ascends the slopes of the Andes to 5000 or 6000 feet, apparently to eat the fruit of the Tocte or Ouitonian walnut (an undescribed species of Juglans), which is frequent at that elevation ; but it is said never to pass a night there. An Indian will tell you at what time of year certain fruit-eating fowls are to be met with on the banks of a river, and at what time they must be sought for deep in the forest. I remember coming on a flock of one of the small Turkeys called Cuyubi (Penelope cristata, or an allied species), on the banks of the Uaupes, feeding on the fruit of so deadly a plant as a Strychnos (S. rondeletioides, Benth.) ;- but the succulent envelope of the fruit is innocuous, like that of our poisonous Yew. I had been forewarned that we might expect to find them at that particular spot, and thus occupied ; so that we had our guns ready, and knocked several of them over. Indeed, they were so tame, or so gluttonous, that when a shot was fired and one of them fell, the rest either took no heed or only on to another branch and recommenced hopped feeding ; and it was not until we had fired and
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ANIMAL MIGRATIONS 377<br />
the skin in strips with his teeth so delicately as not<br />
to foul them in the least ; so that I have occasion-<br />
ally eaten a plantain of his peeling.<br />
I fancy Monkeys sometimes go on day after day<br />
along the banks of a river, their rate of progress<br />
depending on the quantity of food they find to eat<br />
and waste. I have watched them at this in a strip<br />
of Mauritia palms, which stretched for a distance<br />
of some days' journey along the banks of a river.<br />
<strong>The</strong> Chorro (Barrigudo of Brazil), a monkey of<br />
the hot plain, sometimes ascends the slopes of the<br />
Andes to 5000 or 6000 feet, apparently to eat<br />
the fruit of the Tocte or Ouitonian walnut (an<br />
undescribed species of Juglans), which is frequent at<br />
that elevation ; but it is said never to pass a night<br />
there.<br />
An Indian will tell you at what time of year<br />
certain<br />
fruit-eating fowls are to be met with on the<br />
banks of a river, and at what time they must be<br />
sought for deep in the forest. I remember coming<br />
on a flock of one of the small Turkeys called Cuyubi<br />
(Penelope cristata, or an allied species), on the<br />
banks of the Uaupes, feeding on the fruit of so<br />
deadly a plant as a Strychnos (S. rondeletioides,<br />
Benth.) ;- but the succulent envelope of the fruit is<br />
innocuous, like that of our poisonous Yew. I had<br />
been forewarned that we might expect to find them<br />
at that particular spot, and thus occupied ;<br />
so that<br />
we had our guns ready, and knocked several of<br />
them over. Indeed, they were so tame, or so<br />
gluttonous,<br />
that when a shot was fired and one of<br />
them fell, the rest either took no heed or only<br />
on to another branch and recommenced<br />
hopped<br />
feeding ; and it was not until we had fired and