CITY SANITATION PLAN - Ministry of Urban Development

CITY SANITATION PLAN BAREILLY
ADMINISTRATIVE STAFF COLLEGE OF INDIA, HYDERABAD Page 168
in south as well as north. This would relieve the city from capital investment and reduce
the burden in bringing finance. As a response to an insufficient provision of basic urban
services and a lack of access to finance and other resources by ULBs that aim to increase
access to sanitation services, a number of PPP options have emerged. These include:
service contracts; performance-based service contract; joint sector company to
implement and finance the project; a management contract for operations and
maintenance (O&M); and construction cum build-operate-transfer (BOT) contract.
Ministry has come out with a guidance note on Guidelines on India: Urban Water and
sanitation Services, sector reform and successful Public-Private Partnerships.
10 NGO NGO’s have played a significance role in transforming sanitation sector in India. Take for
example Sulabh has played a major role in easing the burden on the ULB’s. They are
there almost length and breadth of the country. Their contribution in reducing the
magnitude of Open defecation is noteworthy. The model adopted by them is also
unique as they have developed their own model against the standard world known
models based on experience. There are few more like SPARC who have made significant
contribution in pay and use system. The pay and use system in the form of monthly
cards will also help bringing down the incidences of OD as well give scope for going for
individual toilets with low cost involved in construction. There are several NGO’s which
are ready to invest and look after Operation and maintenance. There are some NGO’s
which are working on partial cost by the NGO and then partial by the beneficiary
through installments and bank.