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CITY SANITATION PLAN - Ministry of Urban Development

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<strong>CITY</strong> <strong>SANITATION</strong> <strong>PLAN</strong> BAREILLY<br />

screen to ensure a good flow <strong>of</strong> air. The out <strong>of</strong> service pit should be well sealed to reduce water<br />

infiltration and a proper alternating schedule must be maintained.<br />

Pros & Cons:<br />

Longer life than Single VIP (indefinite if maintained)<br />

Flies and odours are significantly reduced (compared to non-ventilated pits)<br />

Does not require a constant source <strong>of</strong> water<br />

Suitable for all types <strong>of</strong> users<br />

Can be built and repaired with locally available materials<br />

Small land area required and can be used immediately after construction<br />

Can be used immediately after construction<br />

Low/moderate reduction in pathogens<br />

Higher capital cost than Single VIP<br />

Reference: Mara DD (1984), The Design <strong>of</strong> Ventilated Improved Pit Latrines (UNDP Inter reg. Project<br />

INT/81/047). The World Bank+ UNDP, Washington.<br />

Community Toilet Block- The Sulabh Model<br />

Application Level- Slum, Low Income Areas, General Public Area<br />

A community toilet block is a shared facility provided for a group <strong>of</strong> residents or an entire<br />

settlement. Pour flush technology is generally used though dry ‘ecological sanitation’ (ecosan) toilet<br />

blocks have been piloted in a few locations. Washing facilities are sometimes included in the block.<br />

These are usually constructed in low income residential areas and slum to cater to the local<br />

community who would otherwise have no access to sanitation. Provided these are managed well<br />

and maintained, this system can be effective in meeting the needs <strong>of</strong> the local community and<br />

promoting improved public health.<br />

Adequacy: As far as possible, separate circular pits should be constructed as these are structurally<br />

more stable and the sludge is dry and safe to handle. Where separate circular pits <strong>of</strong> standard sizes<br />

cannot be constructed due to space constraint, pits <strong>of</strong> smaller diameter (not less than 750mm) be<br />

provided, but the depth should be increased suitably to provide required storage volume and<br />

infiltration surface area. If it is not possible to construct small diameter pits, combined oval, square<br />

ADMINISTRATIVE STAFF COLLEGE OF INDIA, HYDERABAD Page 154

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