CO 2 efflux (mmol m -2 s -1 ) 44 CO 2 efflux (mmol m -2 s -1 ) CO 2 efflux (mmol m -2 s -1 ) CO 2 efflux (mmol m -2 s -1 ) 10,0 8,0 6,0 4,0 2,0 15 June Rs Ra Rh 5h 0h 0h 18h 5h 10h 0,0 4 9 14 19 24 29 4,0 3,0 2,0 1,0 Rs Ra Rh 11 July 9h 5h 5h 9h 10h 10h 10h 0h 18h 0,0 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 2,0 1,0 Rs Ra Rh 19 August 11h 11h 11h 0h T ( o C) 0,0 19h 14 16 18 20 22 24 5,0 4,0 3,0 2,0 1,0 Rs Ra Rh 7 September T ( o C) 10h 0,0 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 T ( o C) 0h 0h 0h 10h 0h 10h 0h 18h 19h 2h 2h 14h 14h 18h 14h 14h 18h 14h 18h 16h 16h 16h 18h 7h 14h 0,0 2 3 4 5 6 Fig. 5 Diurnal changes <strong>of</strong> total (Rs), <strong>root</strong> (Ra) <strong>and</strong> <strong>microbial</strong> (Rh) derived <strong>soil</strong> <strong>respiration</strong> in response to <strong>soil</strong> temperature at 5cm depth in the year 2007 <strong>and</strong> 2008. Consecutive hours were connected by lines, inserts indicate time <strong>of</strong> the day. CO 2 efflux (mmol m -2 s -1 ) CO 2 efflux (mmol m -2 s -1 ) CO 2 efflux (mmol m -2 s -1 ) CO 2 efflux (mmol m -2 s -1 ) 2,0 1,0 4,0 3,0 2,0 1,0 Rs Ra Rh Rs Ra 11 November 6h 11h 11h 29 April 11h 7h Rh 0h 0h 7h 3h T ( o C) 14h 14h 23h 3h 23h 12h 6h 0,0 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 5,5 5,0 4,5 4,0 3,5 3,0 2,5 2,0 1,5 1,0 0,5 Rs Ra Rh 6h 6h 1h T ( o C) 1h 0,0 10 12 14 16 18 20 9,0 8,0 7,0 6,0 5,0 4,0 3,0 Rs Ra Rh 6h 5 June 2 August 1h 22h 1h T ( o C) 2,0 22h 19h 13h 1,0 0,0 6h 1h 10h 16h 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 10h T ( o C) 11h 11h 19h 19h 15h 19h 15h 19h 20h 20h 20h 13h 15h 15h 13h 16h 16h 12h 12h
Ts ( o C), SWC (%) 32.5 30 27.5 25 22.5 20 17.5 15 12.5 10 SWC Ts GPP June 15 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 hour Fig. 6 Diurnal variation <strong>of</strong> <strong>soil</strong> temperature (Ts) at 5 cm depth, <strong>soil</strong> water content (SWC) at 5 cm depth <strong>and</strong> gross primary production (GPP) on the 15 th June 2007. Data are a 30 minutes averages from the meteo station installed in Amplero. 3 CO 2 efflux ( mol m -2 s -1 ) 2 1 -1 10 8 6 4 2 0 July 0 5 10 15 20 25 -2 Ra Rh November November September September T ( Fig. 7 Variation in <strong>soil</strong> <strong>respiration</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>root</strong> (a) <strong>and</strong> <strong>microbial</strong> (b) origin (± SE) vs. changes in <strong>soil</strong> temperature in the course <strong>of</strong> the vegetation season 2007. oC) June 0 0 5 10 15 20 August 25 June July August 20 15 10 5 0 -5 -10 CO 2 (umol m -2 s -1) 45
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94 Partitioning plots were installe
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Microbial C was calculated as a dif
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taken from 1 µg N-NO2 ml -1 soluti
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ates between clipped and unclipped
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Fig. 7 Total (Rs), root (Ra)- and m
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104 Rh, (CO 2 , mmolm -2 s -1 ) 7 6
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Fig. 11 Cumulative microbial respir
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108 After the calculation of synthe
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Fig. 16: a) Relationship between sy
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an annual mowing the measurement wa
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mineral N available to plants and N
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Cambardella C.A., Elliott E.T., (19
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Rice C.W., Moorman T.B., Beare M, 1
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120
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5.1. Introduction 122 Nitrogen (N)
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specie, c) an additional aim was to
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5.2.4. Sampling and analyses 126 Na
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the differences between N and contr
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130 specific root respiration (max
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Fig. 4 a) Intensity of 14 CO2 efflu
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Fig. 6 a) values above zero: root-d
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136 Zea mays: A clear diurnal dynam
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plants. The growth stage could cont
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nitrates. At temperatures of 15 - 2
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experiment could be responsible for
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Horwath W.R., Pretziger K.S., Paul,
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146
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148 6.1 . Introduction In studies o
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Regression analyses technique, whic
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152 The respiratory response with g
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154 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% 85% 13%
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6.3.2. 2008: Mesh- exclusion vs. re
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6.4. Discussion 6.4.1. Mesh-exclusi
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introduction in a small soil sample
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component, expressing a total soil
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Kucera C.L., Kirkham D.R., 1971. So
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Acknowledgements This work was poss