HENOK MERHATSIDK 1.pdf - Addis Ababa University

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patterns of alliance, Ethiopian national security threat has always been from the north, not from south, no issue of irredentism from the Kenyan side, the Oromos of Kenya seem to have been contented with the system, integrated in to the country’s politics and economy. In addition to this the current situations of the two countries: the building of Gilgel Gibe I,II,III and the intended IV&V are affecting the relations of the two countries. The pastoralist conflict in the common border areas of the two countries, the ever increasing threat from stateless Somalia makes this study topical. 1.2 Statement of the problem Ethiopia and Kenya have security cooperation for many years. As mentioned earlier they have military pact since 1964 and that was reviewed in 1980 and 1987. Despite this, their security concerns are still in place in view of three factors viz: First, after Somalia became a failed state, several armed groups have begun operation and challenged the two countries. Second, pastoral communities of the two countries crossed their common boundary and competed for resources such as pasture land and water, and raiding the cattle’s of one another. Third, Ethiopian armed opposition group OLF have also operated in their common border area (IGAD, 2009). Both Ethiopia and Kenya have security concerns in relation to Somalis in their own territories and along their common boundaries. The Ogaden Region of Ethiopia is inhabited by large size of Somali population. This region is a place of confrontation between the Ethiopian government and the ONLF. The region shares border with Somalia, and therefore, ONLF easily get access to training and military aid from its ethnic groups in Somalia. The instability in Somalia for example, provided hundred thousands of refugees in both Kenya and Ethiopia. Besides, terrorist groups cross the boundaries of the two states and caused appreciable harm to the peace and stability of Ethiopia and Kenya. Further more, the NIF (National Islamic Front) that governed Sudan under the influence of Islamic radical leaders was exporting Islamic ideologies to neighboring states (Ploch, 2010). In short, Somali irredentism, terrorism, insurgent movements, pastoral conflicts and influx of refugees are among the common security related factors that affect the close relation of the 4
two states. This study looks into the relation between Ethiopia and Kenya with particular focus on the security issues which these states have been encountering for some time and which have the potential to affect their bilateral relations. 1.3 General objective The general objective of this study is to look into Ethio-Kenyan political and security relations in tackling both their domestic and external security threats. The specific objectives are to: - • Explore the security concerns of the two countries that demand the common actions of the two countries. • Evaluate the major challenges in safe-guarding the peace and stability of Ethiopia and Kenya. • Access the major prospects for co-operation between Ethiopia and Kenya in maintaining the security of their border area. • Examine the result gained from the involvement of the two countries in the peace process of Somalia and Sudan. 1.4 Methodology and Methods of Analysis The study attempts to look in to joint security actions of the two countries. To this end the regional and domestic security issues are discussed taking both the pastoralist communities in Ethiopia and Kenyan side into consideration. The Northern Frontier District of Kenya and the Ogaden region of Ethiopia are important in the discussion since they have clashed with Al- Shabbab in Somalia that has implicated terrorist acts in Kenya, Somalia and Uganda. 1.4.1 Methods of Data Collection The study has used both primary and secondary data. These are books, Journal articles, newspapers, and government publications. In addition, unstructured in-depth interviews were conducted with officials at Kenya Embassy, Ethiopian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and with academics who has multiple advantage for this study as a source of primary data. The tool that I have used to select my informants is purposive sampling, where respondents are 5
Page 1 and 2: ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF GR
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Page 5 and 6: 4.3.1 The Issue of Ogaden .........
Page 7 and 8: Acknowledgement I would like to tha
Page 9 and 10: 1.1 Background of the Study CHAPTER
Page 11: irrigation, water resources and ene
Page 15 and 16: the above-mentioned security proble
Page 17 and 18: Politics is governed by objective l
Page 19 and 20: Above all the neo -realist percepti
Page 21 and 22: of the other.” This means that, o
Page 23 and 24: the UN in 1945 has contributed to a
Page 25 and 26: The establishment of international
Page 27 and 28: CHAPTER THREE HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
Page 29 and 30: Nations because, it failed to prote
Page 31 and 32: 1998:7). Historically the greater H
Page 33 and 34: Ethiopia and, at least, Ethiopia ha
Page 35 and 36: CHAPTER FOUR CHALLENGES IN ETHIO-KE
Page 37 and 38: Liberation Front). Besides, series
Page 39 and 40: The year 2006 witnessed the interve
Page 41 and 42: 4.1.2. Terrorist threat in Kenya Ke
Page 43 and 44: and Tanzania is the worst case in w
Page 45 and 46: Some 280,000 registered Somali refu
Page 47 and 48: from their towns mainly have a moti
Page 49 and 50: The involvement of IGAD in enhancin
Page 51 and 52: officials, it was fighting with EPR
Page 53 and 54: The information gathered from diffe
Page 55 and 56: y encouraging cross-border trade, a
Page 57 and 58: two governments to reduce cattle ru
Page 59 and 60: process? This is simply due to the
Page 61 and 62: To sum up, Ethiopia and Kenya have
Page 63 and 64:
accelerating the Sudanese peace pro
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incidents occurred by the terrorist
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terrorist groups. As we have seen i
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Ethiopian forces. However, the Ethi
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esources. They have also agreed to
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5.6. The Use of Port Ethiopian rule
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Lamo port is constructed by the Ken
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distribution of this natural resour
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counterpart have common understandi
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CHAPTER SIX SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION
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Somalia. This entails the frustrati
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government. Access to sea ports is
Page 87 and 88:
Berouk,Mesin(2010). ‘The Horn of
Page 89 and 90:
Kopstein,Jeffrey and Lichbach Mark(
Page 91 and 92:
Schlee,Gunther(2003). ‘Redrawing
Page 93 and 94:
Fortune (2009). ‘speech of Alemay
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Appendix (1): list of key informant
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Appendix (3) Interview Guideline Qu
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Appendix (5) Interview Guideline Qu
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HENOK MERHATSIDK 1.pdf - Addis Ababa University

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