Preprint volume - SIBM

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Pre-print Volume - Oral presentations Topic 1: BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION SCIENCE: CONTRIBUTING TO MANAGEMENT particolarmente abbondanti anche in popolamenti più superficiali. Sarebbe quindi opportuno effettuare uno studio dell’area minima per ogni tipo di popolamento coralligeno visto e considerato che tale popolamento risulta essere estremamente variabile nella sua struttura e maturità. Questo è da mettere soprattutto in relazione con le caratteristiche dei fattori abiotici, in particolare la luce, che nel caso dell’Isola di Pianosa raggiunge valori molto elevati anche a profondità rilevanti. Bibliografia BALLESTEROS E. (2006) – Mediterranean coralligenous assemblages: synthesis of present knowledge. Oceanogr. Mar. Biol. Ann. Rev., 44: 123-195. BELLAN-SANTINI D. (1969) – Contribution à l’étude des peuplements infralittoraux sur substrat rocheux (étude qualitative et quantitative de la frange supérieure). Rec. Trav. St. Mar. Endoume, 47: 1-294. BOUDOURESQE C.F. (1971) – Reserches de bionomie analytique, structurale et experimentale sur les peuplements benthiques schiaphiles de Méditerranée occidentale (fraction algale., La sousstate sciaphiles res peuplements de grandes Cystoseira de mode battu. Bull. Mus. Hist. nat. Marseille, 31: 141-151. BOUDOURESQE C.F. (1974) – Aire minima et peuplements algaux marins. Soc. Phycol. De France, Bull., 19: 141-157. BOUDOURESQE C.F., BELSHER T. (1979) – Une method de determination de l’aire minimal qualitative. Rapp.Comm.int. Mer Mèdit., 4: 25-26. CAIN S. A. (1938) – The species-area curve. American Midland Naturalist, U.S.A., 19: 573-581. CINELLI F., BOUDOURESQUE C.F., FRESI E., MARCOT J., MAZZELLA L. (1977) - L’aire minima du phytobenthos dans le Port de Sant’Angelo (Ischia, Italie). Rapp. Comm. Int. Mer Mèdit., 4: 148-152. ROS J., GILI J.M. (1984) – L’estudi de les comunitats bentòniques de les illes Medes: metodologia i relaciò de mostres. Institut d’ Estudis Catalans, Barcelona: 619-636. 41 st S.I.B.M. CONGRESS Rapallo (GE), 7-11 June 2010 45
Pre-print Volume - Oral presentations Topic 1: BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION SCIENCE: CONTRIBUTING TO MANAGEMENT P. GUIDETTI 1 , E. SALA 2, 3 , E. BALLESTEROS 3 , A. DI FRANCO 1 , B. HEREU, E. MACPHERSON 3 , F. MICHELI 5 , A. PAIS 6 , P. PANZALIS 7 , A. ROSENBERG 8 , M. ZABALA 4 1 CoNISMa and DiSTeBA, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy. paolo.guidetti@unisalento.it 2 National Geographic Society, P.O. Box 98199, Washington, DC, USA. 3 Centre d'Estudis Avançats de Blanes, CSIC, Accés Cala Sant Francesc, 14 - 17300 Blanes, Girona, Spain. 4 Department of Ecology, University of Barcelona, Diagonal 645 - 08028 Barcelona, Spain. 5 Hopkins Marine Station, Stanford University, Oceanview Boulevard, Pacific Grove, CA 93950-3094, USA. 6 Sez. di Acquacoltura e Gestione delle Risorse Acquatiche, Dip. Scienze Zootecniche, Università di Sassari, Italy. 7 Marine Protected Area of Tavolara-Punta Coda Cavallo, Via Dante, 1 - 07026 Olbia, Italy. 8 Institute for the Study of Earth, Oceans and Space, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, USA. FISH ASSEMBLAGES ACROSS THE MEDITERRANEAN SEA AND THE EFFECTS OF PROTECTION FROM FISHING I POPOLAMENTI ITTICI NEL MEDITERRANEO E GLI EFFETTI DELLA PROTEZIONE DALL’IMPATTO DELLA PESCA Abstract – Several studies have assessed the effectiveness of individual marine protected areas (MPAs) in protecting fish assemblages, but regional assessments of multiple parks are scarce. Here fish surveys using visual census were done in marine parks and fished areas at 31 locations across the Mediterranean Sea. Fish species richness, diversity and biomass (especially of top predators) were higher in MPAs compared to fished areas, and community structure differed significantly between MPAs and fished areas. Results suggest that MPAs are generally effective means to protect and recover fish populations and assemblages. Key-words: fish biomass, predators, marine parks, fishing impact, visual census, Mediterranean Sea. Introduction – Marine protected areas (MPAs) are portions of the coastline and/or sea where human activities, especially fishing, are restricted or banned (Agardy et al., 2003). As fish assemblages usually include many species targeted by fishing, they are primarily expected to respond to protection within MPAs, especially those MPAs that have no-take zones (Micheli et al., 2004). The evaluation of benefits on fish assemblages, e.g. in terms of increase in density, size and biomass of target fishes (Micheli et al., 2004; Guidetti & Sala, 2007), can be useful to assess the ecological effectiveness of MPAs. Moreover, most target fishes are high-level predators in the food webs and their functional extinction may cause community-wide changes (Sala et al., 1998; Worm et al., 2006). Protection from fishing, therefore, may directly restore populations of target fishes and indirectly drive whole communities towards an unfished state (Sala et al., 1998; Micheli et al., 2004). Effective MPAs and, more generally, areas characterized by null/low levels of exploitation were found worldwide to host particularly high total fish biomass with a clear dominance of top predators (Friedlander & DeMartini, 2002). In the Mediterranean Sea, approximately 100 MPAs have been established (Abdulla et al., 2008), making this region among those with the highest concentration of MPAs in the world. A number of Mediterranean studies assessed direct and indirect ‘reserve effects’ of protection (Guidetti & Sala, 2007 and references therein). Most of the ‘reserve effect’ assessment studies in the Mediterranean basin were carried out focusing on fish assemblages associated with rocky reefs, due to the fact that: 1) rocky reefs are the most common habitat protected within MPAs in Mediterranean; 2) previous visual census studies showed that rocky reefs host greater abundance of fish species targeted by fishing and that fish assemblages more clearly respond to protection from fishing than others (e.g., benthic 41 st S.I.B.M. CONGRESS Rapallo (GE), 7-11 June 2010 46
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