Sorghum Diseases in India

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Frederiksen, R.A., and Rosenow, D.T. 1986. Controlling sorghum diseases. Pages 65-67 in The Compendium of Sorghum Diseases, (Frederiksen, R.A., ed.). St. Paul, MN, USA: American Phytopathological Society. Girard, J.C. 1980. A review of sooty stripe and rough, zonate, and oval leaf spots. Pages 229- 239 in sorghum diseases, a world review. Proceedings of the International Workshop on Sorghum Diseases, 11-15 Dec 1978, Hyderabad, India. Patancheru, Andhra Pradesh 502 324, India: International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Hepperly, P.R. (In press). Sorghum rust I. Journal of Agriculture University of Puerto Rico 72(1). Hepperly, P.R., Feliciano, C., and Sotomayor- Rios, A. 1987. Influence of panicle fungicides and harvest schedules on sorghum seed quality under tropical conditions in Puerto Rico. Journal of Agriculture University of Puerto Rico 71(l):75-83 Hooker, A.L., and Perkins, J.M. 1980. Leaf Blight—the state of the art. Pages 68-87 in Proceedings of the 35th Annual Corn Research Conference, Washington, D.C., USA: American Seed Trade Association. Leach, C.M. 1980a. Vibrational releases of conidia by Drechslera maydis and D. turcica related to humidity and red-infrared radiation. Phytopathology 70:196-200. Leach, C.M. 1980b. Evidence for an electrostatic mechanism in spore discharge by Drechslera turcica. Phytopathology 70:206-213. Meredith, D.S. 1965. Violent spore release in Helminthosporium turcicum. Phytopathology 9: 65-92. Mughogho, L.K. 1982. Strategies for sorghum disease control Pages 273-282 in Sorghum in the Eighties: proceedings of the International Symposium on Sorghum, 2-7 Nov 1981, ICRISAT Center, India. Patancheru, Andhra Pradesh 502 324 India: International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics. 176 Odvody, G.N. 1981. Sporulation techniques for Cercospora sorghi. Pages 80-81 in Proceedings of the Twelfth Biennial Grain Sorghum Research and Utilization Conference, 25-27 Feb 1981, Lubbock, TX. Texas Grain Sorghum Producers Board, Box R, Abernathy, TX 79311, USA. Odvody, G.N., and Dunkle, L.D. 1975. Occurrence of Helminthosporium sorghicola and other minor pathogens of sorghum in Nebraska. Plant Disease Reporter 59:120-122, Odvody, G.N., and Madden, D.B. 1984. Leaf sheath blights of Sorghum bicolor caused by Sclerotium rolfsii and Gloeocercospora sorghi in South Texas. Phytopathology 74:264-268. Olive, L.S., Lefebvre, C.L., and Sherwin, H.S. 1946. The fungus that causes sooty stripe of Sorghum spp. Phytopathology 36:190-200. O'Neill, N.R., and Rush, M.C 1982. Etiology of sorghum sheath blight and pathogen virulence on rice. Plant Disease 66:1115-1118. Ramadoss, C.S., Uhlig, J., Carlson, D.M., Butler, L.G., and Nicholson, R.L. 1985. Composition of the mucilaginous spore matrix of Colletotrichum graminicola, a pathogen of corn, sorghum and other grasses. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 33:728-732. Rosenow, D.T. 1984. Breeding for resistance to root and stalk rots in Texas. Pages 209-218 in Sorghum root and stalk rots, a critical review: proceedings of the Consultative Group Discussion on Research Needs and Strategies for Control of Sorghum Root and Stalk Rot Diseases, 27 Nov-2 Dec 1983, Bellagio, Italy. Patancheru, Andhra Pradesh 502 324, India: International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics. Sharma, H.C. 1980. Screening for leaf-disease resistance in India. Pages 249-265 in Sorghum diseases a world review: proceedings of the International Workshop on Sorghum Diseases, 11-15 Dec 1978, Hyderabad, India. Patancheru, Andhra Pradesh 502 324, India: International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics.
Tarr, S.A.J. 1962. Diseases of sorghum, sudangrass and broomcorn. Kew, Surrey, England: Commonwealth Mycological Institute. 380 pp. Wall, G.C 1983. Development of a technique to screen for resistance to Cercospora sorghi in sorghum. MSc. thesis. Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA. 65 pp. Wall, G.C., Mughogho, L.K., Frederiksen, R.A., and Odvody, G.N. 1987. Foliar disease of sor ghum species caused by Cercospora fusimaculans. Plant Disease 71:759-760. Williams, R.J., Rao, K.N., and Dange, S.R.S. 1980. The International Sorghum Leaf Nursery. Pages 269-283 in Sorghum diseases, a world review: proceedings of the International Workshop on Sorghum Diseases, 11-15 Dec 1978, Hyderabad, India. Patancheru, Andhra Pradesh 502 324, India: International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics. 177
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Abstract Citation: de Milliano, W.A
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INTSORMIL USAID Title XII Collabora
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Foliar Diseases of Sorghum G.N. Odv
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Despite all the complexities of the
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Resistance to ergot in pearl millet
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Sorghum and Pearl Millet Pathology
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inicola), head mold (Curvularia lun
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to W. A. J. de Milliano and S. D. S
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Table 1. Area ('000 ha) sown to sor
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annual regional meetings have been
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sowing of the ZSV 1 spreader rows a
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Zambia, and Zimbabwe. Several entri
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References Angus, A. 1965. Annotate
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Sorghum Diseases in Eastern Africa
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The Striga spp are invariably a maj
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Sorghum Diseases in Western Africa
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or six leaves only towards maturity
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Odvody, G.N. 1986. Gray leaf spot.
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Table 1. Forage sorghum production
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References Japan: Ministry of Agric
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keting problems, absence of financi
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lines) and tar spot (51 resistant l
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Karganilla, A.D., and Elazegui, F.A
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espectively. Elevation above mean s
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Sorghum Diseases in India: Knowledg
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India Coordinated Sorghum Improveme
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more from disease than did those ma
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Sundaram (1977) reported control of
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Multiple disease resistance insect
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1976. Control of foliar diseases of
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Sorghum Diseases in Brazil C.R. Cas
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tention is therefore being given to
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deficit and high temperatures are c
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Sorghum Diseases in South America E
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term, proposed by Glueck et al. (19
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Sorghum Diseases in Central America
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Zonate leaf spot, a disease incited
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National Research Efforts Crop impr
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America: importancia, localizacion
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eilianum). Both hybrids have female
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Disease research conducted in Mexic
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een observed, the disease is potent
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Mexico, particularly in Tamaulipas.
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cion de variantes del virus del mos
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Figure 1. Agroecological sorghum-gr
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Table 2. Continued Common name Caus
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Even so, certain diseases have been
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Part 2 Regional and Country Reports
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S. hermonthica predominates in Sahe
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sibly through doubled haploids. An
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Sclerotia in the soil germinate to
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easily identified than ergot resist
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Appadurai, R., Parambaramani, G, an
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Ramakrishnan, T.S. 1963. Disease of
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Thakur, R.P., Rao, V.P., Williams,
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Downy Mildew The downy mildew organ
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Ekukole (1985) found a few infectio
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Selvaraj, J.C 1979. Research on pea
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Table 1. Area ('000 ha) sown to pea
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Foliar diseases Foliar diseases in
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Charcoal rot was observed in drough
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isms of Mozambique. Tropical Pest M
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and Australia. In India, the diseas
Page 136 and 137: more than a decade ago, rust would
Page 139 and 140: Ergot Disease of Pearl Millet: Toxi
Page 141 and 142: ghum, the other cereal important in
Page 143: Part 3 Current Status of Sorghum Di
Page 146 and 147: Table 1. Bacterial diseases of sorg
Page 148 and 149: upwards of 20 cm with the leaf and
Page 150 and 151: strains produced a hypersensitive r
Page 152 and 153: at room temperature, or overnight a
Page 154 and 155: and high humidity. The bacteria are
Page 156 and 157: Bacterial Streak Causal organism X.
Page 158 and 159: Figure 10. Xanthomonas campestris p
Page 160 and 161: incited by Pseudomonas andropogonis
Page 163 and 164: Detection and Identification of Vir
Page 165 and 166: observed. Testing for potential vec
Page 167 and 168: acid hybridization, cloning, and se
Page 169: Smith, B.J. 1984. SDS Polyacrylamid
Page 172 and 173: direct effects on sorghum seedling
Page 174 and 175: cumbing to preemergent damping-off
Page 176 and 177: Sorghum in the Eighties. Proceeding
Page 178 and 179: Table 1. Foliar pathogens of sorghu
Page 180 and 181: sclerotia or on leaf lesions are bo
Page 182 and 183: pathogen(s) being evaluated. Isogen
Page 184 and 185: the length of rotation necessary to
Page 189 and 190: Nematode Pathogens of Sorghum J.L.
Page 191 and 192: greenhouse tests. Furthermore, he o
Page 193 and 194: of soil Typical symptoms of L. afri
Page 195: Norton, D.C. 1958. The association
Page 198 and 199: African farmers on impoverished soi
Page 200 and 201: Taxonomy and biosystematics In spit
Page 202 and 203: Information about this genus is not
Page 204 and 205: and Millets Improvement Program Bul
Page 206 and 207: ern and southern Africa. Framida wa
Page 208 and 209: lar genetics to isolate resistance
Page 210 and 211: Obilana, A.T. 1983b. Striga studies
Page 213 and 214: Anthracnose of Sorghum M.E.K. Ali 1
Page 215 and 216: ales and Frederiksen (1979) reporte
Page 217 and 218: sociation (GSPA) and Sorghum Improv
Page 219 and 220: Physiological Races of Colletotrich
Page 221 and 222: Gerais, and at Jatai, Goias from th
Page 223 and 224: Current Status of Sorghum Downy Mil
Page 225 and 226: oospores in the soil (Odvody and Fr
Page 227: corn and sorghum in south Texas. I:
Page 230 and 231: Eighteen papers in the proceedings
Page 232 and 233: iliforme var intermedium, E solani,
Page 234 and 235: Table 2. Lodging, soft stalk, and y
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Figure 2. Periodical lodging (%) in
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Table 4. Lodging, soft stalk, nodes
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Mughogho, R. Bandyopadhyay, and S.
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Andhra Pradesh 502 324, India: Inte
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Rosenow, D.T. 1980. Stalk rot resis
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green and slightly shriveled, in co
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pollination (Patil and Goud 1980),
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Table 1. Reported hosts and nonhost
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pathogen and epidemiology of the di
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Shaw, B.L, and Mantle, P.G. 1980a.
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Table 1. Comparison of sorghum smut
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Figure 2. Scanning electron microgr
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Table 2. Comparison of disease inte
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Natural, M. 1983. Ultrastructural a
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Khare 1982; El Shafie and Webster 1
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estricted to the pericarp, but pene
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other areas of research, including
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Resistance mechanisms In the last 1
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ulum dynamics in disease developmen
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Naik, S.M., Singh, S.D., and Mathur
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Glume Lemma- Ovarian locule Nucellu
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high levels of free phenolic compou
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20 Figure 10. Free p-coumaric acid
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and glumes during development. Cere
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molds. In the early 1980s, sources
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Grains of all the F1S were brown an
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Table 2. Mean threshed grain mold r
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hardness and its relationship to di
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Table 5. Testa (B1-B2-) and spreade
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phenolic acids in mold-resistant so
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Part 4 Short Communications
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Abstract: Abstract: Sorghum disease
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Abstract: Studies on the biology of
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Part 5 Other Topics
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lated to seed-health requirements f
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Colletotrichum graminicola, the cau
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McGee, D.C. 1981. Seed pathology: i
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In recent years, the government has
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Table 1. Diseases and pathogens ide
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severities. Standard area diagrams
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Table 5. Yield and gray leaf spot s
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Cultivar CS 3541 is not.resistant t
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population densities for optimum yi
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example, in plant growth stage at w
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Using Germplasm from the World Coll
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for accurate evaluation of resistan
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most elite lines are placed eventua
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Using the World Germplasm Collectio
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that do not lodge are selected. Pos
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Part 6 Building for the Future
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orne conidia (asexual spores) of Pe
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fully established the pearl millet
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4. Using male sterile and fertile c
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of resistance to grain deterioratio
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a. We recommend that ICRISAT assemb
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Each member of the discussion group
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Appendix
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develop technologies that can enabl
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Dalmacio: Mainly due to lack of mar
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Vidyabhushanam: What are the diseas
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Guiragossian: Farmers and children
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Odvody: Heavier (clay) soils retain
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zeae of about 1000 nematodes in 100
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say, sooty stripe and leaf blight.
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the selection criterion that you ha
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cattle, but other studies suggest t
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If it is argued that oospore infect
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Craig: On the basis of our experien
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Vidyabhushanam: In the case of dise
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