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Chapter 16: A Brief XML Primer EXPLICIT is only used on extremely detailed situations. Many of the things you might want to do with EXPLICIT can now be more easily performed using the PATH option. In general, you’ll want to look at all other options first, and consider EXPLICIT an option of last resort — it’s very advanced in nature, difficult to understand, and, as such, we will consider further discussion of EXPLICIT to be beyond the scope of this book. PATH 504 Tag Parent Customer!1! CustomerID Customer!1! CompanyName 2 1 ALFKI Alfreds Futterkiste 2 1 ALFKI Alfreds Futterkiste 2 1 ALFKI Alfreds Futterkiste 2 1 ALFKI Alfreds Futterkiste 1 NULL ANTON Antonio Moreno Taquería 2 1 ANTON Antonio Moreno Taquería 2 1 ANTON Antonio Moreno Taquería 2 1 ANTON Antonio Moreno Taquería 2 1 ANTON Antonio Moreno Taquería 2 1 ANTON Antonio Moreno Taquería 2 1 ANTON Antonio Moreno Taquería 2 1 ANTON Antonio Moreno Taquería Order!2! OrderID 11079 NULL Order!2!OrderDate 11080 2000-07-22 16:48:00.000 11081 2000-07-22 00:00:00.000 11087 2000-08-05 17:37:52.520 NULL NULL 10365 1996-11-27 00:00:00.000 10507 1997-04-15 00:00:00.000 10535 1997-05-13 00:00:00.000 10573 1997-06-19 00:00:00.000 10677 1997-09-22 00:00:00.000 10682 1997-09-25 00:00:00.000 10856 1998-01-28 00:00:00.000 Now let’s switch gears just a little bit and get down to a more “real” XML approach to getting data.
While EXPLICIT has not been deprecated as yet, make no mistake — PATH is really meant to be a better way of doing what EXPLICIT originally was the only way of doing. PATH makes a lot of sense in a lot of ways, and it is how I recommend that you do complex XML output in most cases. This is a more complex recommendation than it might seem. The Microsoft party line on this is that PATH is easier. Well, PATH is easier is many ways, but, as we’re going to see, it has its own set of “Except for this, and except for that, and except for this other thing” that can twist your brain into knots trying to understand exactly what to do. In short, in some cases, EXPLICIT is actually easier if you don’t know XPath. The thing is, if you’re dealing with XML, then XPath should be on your learn list anyway, so, if you’re going to know it, you should find the XPath-based approach more usable. Note, however, that if you’re needing backward compatibility to SQL Server 2000, then you’re going to need to stick with EXPLICIT. In its most straightforward sense, the PATH option isn’t that bad at all. So, let’s start by getting our feet wet by focusing in on just the basics of using PATH. From there, we’ll get a bit more complex and show off some of what PATH has to offer. PATH 101 With PATH, you have a model that molds an existing standard to get at your data — XPath. XPath has an accepted standard, and provides a way of pointing at specific points in your XML schema. For PATH, we’re just utilizing a lot of the same rules and ideas in order to say how data should be treated in a native XML sort of way. How PATH treats the data you refer to depends on a number of rules including whether the column is named or unnamed (like EXPLICIT, the alias is the name if you use an alias). If the column does have a name, then a number of additional rules are applied as appropriate. Let’s look at some of the possibilities. XPath is its own thing, and there are entire books dedicated to just that topic. PATH utilizes a wide variety of what’s available in XPath, and so there really is too much to cover here for a single chapter in a beginning text. That said, we’re going to touch on the basics here, and give you a taste of the more advanced stuff in the next section. From there, it’s really up to you whether you want to learn XPath more fully, and from there, what pieces of it are understood by PATH. More advanced coverage of this is also supplied in the next book in this series: Professional SQL Server 2008 Programming. Unnamed Columns Data from a column that is not named will be treated as raw text within the row’s element. To demonstrate this, let’s take a somewhat modified version of the example we used for XML RAW. What we’re doing here is listing the two customers we’re interested in and the number of orders they have placed: SELECT CustomerID, COUNT(*) FROM Sales.SalesOrderHeader Orders WHERE CustomerID = 29890 OR CustomerID = 30067 GROUP BY CustomerID FOR XML PATH; Chapter 16: A Brief XML Primer 505
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Programmer to Programmer Get more
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Beginning Microsoft SQL Ser ver® 2
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Beginning Microsoft SQL Ser ver® 2
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About the Author Experiencing his f
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Acknowledgments Over the years, the
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Contents Chapter 2:T ools of the T
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Contents xviii The CREATE Statement
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Contents xx Correlated Subqueries 1
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Contents xxii SORT_IN_TEMPDB 280 ON
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Contents xxiv Control-of-Flow State
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Contents xxvi How the SQL Ser ver L
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Contents Chapter 16: A Brief XML Pr
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Contents Chapter 19: Pla ying Admin
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Introduction The beginning user wil
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Introduction ❏ We show file names
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Introduction xxxvi ❏ Understand t
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Chapter 1: RDBMS Basics: What Makes
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Chapter 2: Tools of the Trade 22 My
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Chapter 2: Tools of the Trade ❑ S
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Chapter 2: Tools of the Trade 26 Ke
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Chapter 2: Tools of the Trade 28 Th
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Chapter 2: Tools of the Trade 30 lo
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Chapter 2: Tools of the Trade 32 3.
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Chapter 2: Tools of the Trade 34 Fi
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Chapter 2: Tools of the Trade Figur
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Chapter 2: Tools of the Trade Note
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Chapter 2: Tools of the Trade bcp i
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3 The Foundation Statements of T-SQ
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asic SELECT statement. Fire up the
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Now let’s try taking a little bit
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very few of your tables will have s
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Operator Example Usage Effect ALL,
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Chapter 3: The Foundation Statement
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WHERE SalesOrderID IN (43660, 43670
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AVG This one is for computing avera
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efore, but remove the two AS keywor
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You’ll get a result that is a bit
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What if we want to place conditions
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Let’s say, for example, that we w
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City varchar(20) NOT NULL, State ch
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for it in the INSERT statement. For
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And sure enough, we get back the on
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Chapter 4: JOINs 82 returned is in
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Chapter 4: JOINs 84 Using an INNER
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Chapter 4: JOINs 86 Uh, oh — this
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Chapter 4: JOINs How It Works Unlik
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Chapter 4: JOINs If we were to look
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Chapter 4: JOINs 92 What I’m tryi
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Chapter 4: JOINs 16 Mountain-500 Si
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Chapter 4: JOINs 96 Let’s use thi
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Chapter 4: JOINs 98 vendor. We’re
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Chapter 4: JOINs 100 Somehow, we lo
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Chapter 4: JOINs Try It Out FULL JO
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Chapter 4: JOINs Every time I teach
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Chapter 4: JOINs JOIN Sales.Special
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Chapter 4: JOINs Figure 4-1 As alwa
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Chapter 4: JOINs 110 CREATE TABLE U
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Chapter 4: JOINs There are two diff
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Chapter 5: Creating and Altering Ta
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Chapter 6: Constraints At a more sp
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Chapter 6: Constraints We can then
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Chapter 6: Constraints A table can
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Chapter 6: Constraints FOREIGN KEY
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Chapter 6: Constraints How It Works
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Chapter 6: Constraints Cascading Ac
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Chapter 6: Constraints 166 This is
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Chapter 6: Constraints 168 FROM Ord
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Chapter 6: Constraints 170 Let’s
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Chapter 6: Constraints CHECK Constr
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Chapter 6: Constraints Defining a D
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Chapter 6: Constraints Ignoring Bad
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Chapter 6: Constraints Try running
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Chapter 6: Constraints Rules and De
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Chapter 6: Constraints Dropping Rul
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Chapter 6: Constraints 184 Restrict
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7 Adding More to Our Queries When I
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Building a Nested Subquery A nested
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While this works just fine, queries
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We’ll go back to the AdventureWor
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❑ Aliases are used in both querie
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Now let’s see this at work in our
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So let’s take this now and apply
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This join-based syntax, for example
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IF NOT EXISTS (SELECT ‘True’ FR
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The conversions can actually get a
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there are no other roll up records
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GROUP BY soh.OrderDate, sod.Product
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OUTPUT $action, inserted.Year, inse
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The long-standing, traditional view
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8 Being Normal: Normalization and O
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Chapter 8: Being Normal: Normalizat
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9 SQL Ser ver Storage and Index Str
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Page Splits When a page becomes ful
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The point here is that what happens
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Page Splits — A First Look All of
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You may hear lots of bad things abo
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Navigating the Tree Figure 9-4 As I
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there was no link between the data.
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Root Non-Leaf Level Leaf Level Figu
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The CREATE INDEX Statement The CREA
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FILLFACTOR When SQL Server first cr
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works only if tempdb is on a separa
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Secondary XML Indexes Chapter 9: SQ
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occur, and that one or more non-lea
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isn’t room on the page, SQL Serve
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more administrator oriented and usu
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The Database Engine Tuning Advisor
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The output is far more self-describ
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We use a FILLFACTOR when we need to
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Chapter 9: SQL Server Storage and I
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Chapter 10: Views The preceding syn
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Chapter 10: Views 302 columns to a
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Chapter 10: Views Try It Out Using
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Chapter 10: Views 306 soh.SalesOrde
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Chapter 10: Views AW00000676 43659
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Chapter 10: Views NULL values will
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Chapter 10: Views Editing V iews wi
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Chapter 10: Views 314 There are fou
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Chapter 10: Views Editing Views in
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Chapter 10: Views 318 In addition,
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Chapter 10: Views 320 from the firs
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Chapter 10: Views You can get the y
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11 Writing Scripts and Batches Whet
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Next we have a DECLARE statement to
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I’m not going to pick any bones a
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Using @@IDENTITY @@IDENTITY is one
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How It Works What we’re doing in
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DECLARE @RowCount int; --Notice the
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When the editing tool encounters a
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When you think about it, this seems
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So, let’s try a quick query direc
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We now have our text file source fo
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Let’s build an example in the Adv
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DECLARE @InVar varchar(50); DECLARE
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-- This won’t work DECLARE @Numbe
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-- Now we’re run our conditional
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Out of the condition from inner con
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A Simple CASE A simple CASE takes a
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3 8 More Than One Apart 2 2 Ends Wi
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Now, I don’t know about you, but
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The WAITFOR statement does exactly
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IF @ErrorNo = 2714 -- Object exists
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Chapter 11: Writing Scripts and Bat
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Chapter 12: Stored Procedures Creat
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Chapter 12: Stored Procedures Dropp
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Chapter 12: Stored Procedures Suppl
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Chapter 12: Stored Procedures 374 [
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Chapter 12: Stored Procedures Confi
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Chapter 12: Stored Procedures Now,
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Chapter 12: Stored Procedures SQL S
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Chapter 12: Stored Procedures 382 c
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Chapter 12: Stored Procedures It wo
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Chapter 12: Stored Procedures 386 r
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Chapter 12: Stored Procedures 388 -
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Chapter 12: Stored Procedures Note
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Chapter 12: Stored Procedures 392 n
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Chapter 12: Stored Procedures All t
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Chapter 12: Stored Procedures Sproc
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Chapter 12: Stored Procedures When
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Chapter 12: Stored Procedures 400 @
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Chapter 12: Stored Procedures I’d
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Chapter 12: Stored Procedures match
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Chapter 12: Stored Procedures There
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Chapter 12: Stored Procedures 408 f
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13 User-Defined Functions Well, her
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types!), except for BLOBs, cursors,
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We get back the same set as with th
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AS RETURN (SELECT BusinessEntityID,
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in your relational database. These
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AS BEGIN ( EmployeeID int NOT NULL,
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So, as you can see, we can actually
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Despite being schema-bound, this on
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14 Transactions and Locks This is o
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we are unable or do not want to com
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Figure 14-1 Data needed Data in cac
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Transaction 4 This transaction wasn
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Oops — problem!!! Transaction 2 h
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The only cure for this is setting y
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Exclusive Locks Exclusive locks are
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Also: ❑ The Sch-S is compatible w
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The syntax for switching between th
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As with most things in life, howeve
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purchased. Process 2 records sales;
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Chapter 14: Transactions and Locks
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Chapter 15: Triggers the world’s
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19 Playing Administrator And so, he
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❑ Write the information to the ev
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Creating Jobs and Tasks Using Manag
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Let’s go ahead and move on to the
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Figure 19-8 Figure 19-9 Chapter 19:
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Figure 19-11 Figure 19-12 Chapter 1
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Backup and Reco very No database-dr
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❑ Differential: This might be ref
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❑ Simple: Under this model, the t
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The older DBCC commands are still s
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many rows inserted over time and th
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Chapter 19: Playing Administrator T
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Appendix A: System Functions In add
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Appendix A: System Functions @@TOTA
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Appendix A: System Functions CHECKS
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Appendix A: System Functions SUM Th
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Appendix A: System Functions The de
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Appendix A: System Functions @@REMS
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Appendix A: System Functions Cert_I
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Appendix A: System Functions Encryp
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Appendix A: System Functions @@FETC
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Appendix A: System Functions CURREN
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Appendix A: System Functions SYSDAT
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Appendix A: System Functions GetRoo
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Appendix A: System Functions The ex
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Appendix A: System Functions RAND T
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Appendix A: System Functions ❑ IN
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Appendix A: System Functions ❑ Is
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Appendix A: System Functions FILEGR
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Appendix A: System Functions INDEX_
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IsCheckCnst IsConstraint IsDefault
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Appendix A: System Functions OBJECT
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Appendix A: System Functions TYPEPR
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Appendix A: System Functions The qu
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Appendix A: System Functions The SU
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Appendix A: System Functions ASCII
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Appendix A: System Functions The ch
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Appendix A: System Functions UNICOD
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Appendix A: System Functions CAST a
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Appendix A: System Functions HOST_I
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Appendix A: System Functions NULLIF
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Appendix A: System Functions 646 Pr
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Appendix A: System Functions Text a
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Appendix B: Very Simple Connectivit
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ABS function A ABS function, 611 AC
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closing tags closing tags, XML docu
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cryptographic functions (continued)
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defects defects. See well formed XM
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EXPLICIT option EXPLICIT option bas
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IGNORE_DUP_KEY option (CREATE INDEX
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LOWER function LOWER function, 635
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online transaction-processing (OLTP
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query results query results alphabe
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scripts (continued) creating with M
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state state, basics of, 391 stateme
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transactions (continued) COMMIT TRA
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View Builder View Builder (Manageme
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