Bulletin - United States National Museum - si-pddr - Smithsonian ...
Bulletin - United States National Museum - si-pddr - Smithsonian ... Bulletin - United States National Museum - si-pddr - Smithsonian ...
390 BULLETIN 133, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM El precedente I take to refer to the preceding species, the yapu {Ostinops decumanus) that has a light colored bill which contro- verts Vieillot's statement that in soUtarius the bill is black. Though formerly placed in the genus Amhlycercus the species soUtarius is apparently a cacique. Amhlycercus holosericeus has a strongly operculate nostril, no crest, and the eighth primary shorter than the second, while ArchipJanus solitarms has the nostril nonoperculate, the eighth primary longer than the third, the wing longer, and a decumbent crest. The differences between soUtarius and holosenceus have been dis- cussed recently by Miller,^^ but Avithout making a change in their current status. Todd^^ includes soUtarius in the genus Archiplmius Cabanis, a group segregated by Miller in the paper cited above. I had recognized also that soUtatius must be removed from Amhlycercus, and concur in Todd's allocation of it in the genus ArcMplanus. The bill in soUtan^is is broader at the tip than in Archiplanus aJMrostri.s, type of Cabanis's genus, but the form of the decumbent crest and of nostril, wing, and tail are closely similar in the two birds and indiqate clearly their relationship. Todd is somewhat confused in the structural characters assigned to holosericeus and soUtarius, since it is hxAosei^iceus that has nostrils linear and overhung by a membrance, not soUtarius as stated. The species here discussed was found at only three localities: Las Palmas, Chaco, July 23 (adult male taken) and 26; Riacho Pilaga, Formosa, August 14 (adult male) ; and Kilometer 200, west of Puerto Pinasco, Paraguay, where three were seen September 25. The birds were encountered in heavy brush where attention was called to them by their harsh notes, quay quay. They were alert and active and peered out with tail thrown over the back, but at any alarm disappeared in dense scrub and were lost to view. The light colored bill showed prominently, even when they were seen in tilting flight across openings in the thickets. Like Archiplanus chrysopterus when feeding they poked and pried at leaves or loose bark with open bill. On examining them I was struck by the utility of a development noted frequently in some orioles, Amhlyrhaniphus, other Icterids, and in the genus Sturnus among other birds, where the angle of the lower jaw (the processus angularls posterior) is prolonged behind the articulation as a slender bar. Contraction of the bands of muscle thfit pass from this bar of bone to the side of the skull force the tip of the lower jaw away from the upper, with the articulation of the lower jaw with the quadrate acting as a ful- crum. The bill is thrust into or under bits of bark, a rolled leaf, 8«Auk. July, 1924. pp. 463-4G7 (received in WashinRton July 5, 1024). 8'Proc. Biol. Soc. Washin.gton, vol. 37, July S, 1024. p. 114.
BIRDS OF ARGENTINA, PARAGUAY, URUGUAY, AND CHILE 391 or into the ground and then a cavity opened by thrusting apart the tips of the mandibles so that any food concealed may be seized. In one male taken the bill at the base was dark neutral gray shad- ing through light grape green and water green to olive buff at tip; iris Rood's brown; tarsus benzo brown; toes dark neutral gray; claws mouse gi'ay. Another male had the bill deep sea-foam green at center, shading to number 7 gray at base and olive buff at tip; iris maroon. In the Chaco the bird was known locally as que ve in imitation of its note. The Toba Indian name was kom kom. Family THRAUPIDAE TANAGRA CHLORITICA VIOLACEICOLLIS (Cabanis) Acroleptes violaceicollis Cabanis, Joiini. fiir Ornitli., 1865, p. 409. (Brazil.) Two male euphonias shot at Las Palmas, Chaco, July 23 and 26, 1920, are identified under this name in accordance with the treatment of Hellmayr.*^ Berlepsch ^^ considered the bird from this region as representative of Tanagra sernro8tris (d'Orbigny and Lafresnaye). The skins preserved have a wing measurement of 58.5 and 59 mm. respectively, and are somewhat larger than two skins from Bahia. They are barely larger and have faintly broader bills than three of the same type of coloration from Chapada, Matto Grosso. The species was recorded frequently at Las Palmas from July 23 to 31, and was seen at Formosa, Formosa, August 23 and 24. At' tention was drawn to it by its high-pitched whistled call tee tee tee whee-ee (identical, so far as my memory served, with that of Tanagra scJateH of Porto Rico) ; and on looking about the birds were found near some clump of mistletoe, the berries of which seemed to form their food. At times they hopped about actively among the twigs, singing a warbling song, but usually perched quietly, uttering their whistle at intervals. TACHYPHONUS RUFUS (Boddaert) Tangara rufa Boddaebt, Tabl. Planch. Enl., 1783, p. 44. (Cayenne.) The white-shouldered tanager was found at Resistencia, Chaco, July 8 to 10 (male and female taken) ; Las Palmas, Chaco, July 13 to 30 (male skinned, July 26) ; Riacho Pilaga, Formosa, August 9 to 18 (male and female, August 15) ; Kilometer 25, west of Puerto Pinasco, Paraguay, September 1, and Kilometer 80, west of the ««Nov. Zool., vol. 30, October, 1923, pp. 282-235. soVerli. V. Int. Ornith.-Kongr. Berlin, 1911, pp. 1014, 1123.
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BIRDS OF ARGENTINA, PARAGUAY, URUGUAY, AND CHILE 391<br />
or into the ground and then a cavity opened by thrusting apart the<br />
tips of the mandibles so that any food concealed may be seized.<br />
In one male taken the bill at the base was dark neutral gray shad-<br />
ing through light grape green and water green to olive buff at tip;<br />
iris Rood's brown; tarsus benzo brown; toes dark neutral gray;<br />
claws mouse gi'ay. Another male had the bill deep sea-foam green<br />
at center, shading to number 7 gray at base and olive buff at tip;<br />
iris maroon.<br />
In the Chaco the bird was known locally as que ve in imitation of<br />
its note. The Toba Indian name was kom kom.<br />
Family THRAUPIDAE<br />
TANAGRA CHLORITICA VIOLACEICOLLIS (Cabanis)<br />
Acroleptes violaceicollis Cabanis, Joiini. fiir Ornitli., 1865, p. 409.<br />
(Brazil.)<br />
Two male euphonias shot at Las Palmas, Chaco, July 23 and 26,<br />
1920, are identified under this name in accordance with the treatment<br />
of Hellmayr.*^ Berlepsch ^^ con<strong>si</strong>dered the bird from this<br />
region as representative of Tanagra sernro8tris (d'Orbigny and<br />
Lafresnaye). The skins preserved have a wing measurement of<br />
58.5 and 59 mm. respectively, and are somewhat larger than two<br />
skins from Bahia. They are barely larger and have faintly broader<br />
bills than three of the same type of coloration from Chapada, Matto<br />
Grosso.<br />
The species was recorded frequently at Las Palmas from July<br />
23 to 31, and was seen at Formosa, Formosa, August 23 and 24. At'<br />
tention was drawn to it by its high-pitched whistled call tee tee tee<br />
whee-ee (identical, so far as my memory served, with that of Tanagra<br />
scJateH of Porto Rico) ; and on looking about the birds were<br />
found near some clump of mistletoe, the berries of which seemed to<br />
form their food. At times they hopped about actively among the<br />
twigs, <strong>si</strong>nging a warbling song, but usually perched quietly, uttering<br />
their whistle at intervals.<br />
TACHYPHONUS RUFUS (Boddaert)<br />
Tangara rufa Boddaebt, Tabl. Planch. Enl., 1783, p. 44. (Cayenne.)<br />
The white-shouldered tanager was found at Re<strong>si</strong>stencia, Chaco,<br />
July 8 to 10 (male and female taken) ; Las Palmas, Chaco, July 13<br />
to 30 (male skinned, July 26) ; Riacho Pilaga, Formosa, August 9<br />
to 18 (male and female, August 15) ; Kilometer 25, west of Puerto<br />
Pinasco, Paraguay, September 1, and Kilometer 80, west of the<br />
««Nov. Zool., vol. 30, October, 1923, pp. 282-235.<br />
soVerli. V. Int. Ornith.-Kongr. Berlin, 1911, pp. 1014, 1123.