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308 BULLETIN 133, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM of the primaries, as a subspecies of nigra (in which the inner webs of the primaries are black in the adult male, and cinnamon in the female and immature male). The only specimens of oreas that I have seen are from Peru, and show no evidence of intergradation. Adult males have the eighth and ninth primaries narrowed distally, with the seventh and tenth of normal width. As the narrowed feathers are concealed beneath the external primary they seem not to have been noted previously. In the male in first winter plumage, and the female at all seasons, all of the flight feathers are normal. At all seasons of the year these interesting flycatchers frequent open ground, preferably near water, where they hop or run about on the ground, pausing to peck at the turf or to throw the head up and flit the wings rapidly. They are almost as terrestrial as pipits, a fact that may account for the elongated pipitlike claw on the hallux like birds of that group they often seek elevated perches on little mounds of earth. They also fly up to rest on fence posts, or low bushes. Their flight is tilting and usually carries them only a foot or two above the ground. During the breeding season, near Zapala, males were common in the close-cropped grass of the lowland pastures, often in the vicinity of barrancas. As 7mfa has been supposed to breed only in Patagonia, it is unfortunate that a fine male that I watched for some time on January 16, 1921, near Carrasco, Uruguay, was not secured. During the winter season rufa comes north to winter in abundance on the open pampas, but does not seem to penetrate beyond the limit of the plains. By March 3 I found the birds common on the level flats bordering the Laguna del Monte near Guamini, Buenos Aires, where they associated in little flocks. Others continued to arrive from the southward, driven up by the encroachment of cold in their summer homes. The birds now had the full lax plumage that pro- tects them in winter, and ran about on the open flats unmindful of the heavy wind, as they made no effort to seek shelter from its blasts. In early morning members of the little scattered flocks pursued one another or chivied passing pipits vivaciously. On March 23, near Tunuyan, Mendoza, a flock of 15 arrived suddenly on the flats bordering the river, evidently a migrant flock from the south. Like many other pampas birds, during winter they were entirely silent; and as my experience with them in summer was limited, I heard no calls from them whatever. FLUVICOLA ALBIVENTER (Spix) Muscicapa albiventer Spix, Av. Spec. Nov. Brasiliam, vol. 2, 1825, p. 21, pi. 30, fig. 1. (Brazil.) An adult female shot at Formosa, Formosa, on August 23, 1920, was found among open brush and saw grass at the border of a marsh, ;
BIRDS OF ARGENTINA, PARAGUAY, URUGUAY, AND CHILE 309 where it ran about on the ground or perched with rapidly jerking tail in the bushes. Another was seen, but not secured, at the border of a flooded estero near Puerto Pinasco, Paraguay, on September 3, YETAPA RISORUS (Vieillot) Muscicapa risora Vieuxot, Gal. Ois., vol. 1, 1S25, p. 209, pi. 131. (Brazil.) The type locality of the present species is cited in most references as Paraguay, on thesupposition that it isbas.'donthec
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U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN, 133
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ADVERTISEMENT The scientific public
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IV TABLE OF CONTENTS Annotated list
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2 BULLETIN 133^ UNITED STATES NATIO
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U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 133
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BIRDS OF ARGENTINA, PARAGUAY, URUGU
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BIRDS OF AKGENTINA, PARAGUAY, URUGU
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BIKDS OF ARGENTINA, PARAGUAY, URUGU
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BIEDS OF ARGENTINA, PARAGUAY, URUGU
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BIEDS OF AEGENTINA, PARAGUAY, URUGU
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BIRDS OF AKGENTINA, PARAGUAY, URUGU
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BIEDS OF ARGENTINA, PARAGUAY, URUGU
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INDEX Page a. bivittatus, Lepidocol
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cactorum, Trichopicus INDEX 437 Pag
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INDEX 439 Page Page defllippii, Tri
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INDEX 441 Page immaculata, Phaeopro
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INDEX 443 Page Myospiza humeralis c
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INDEX 445 Page Pseudoseisura guttur
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INDEX 447 Page Sublegatus fasciatus
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SMITHSONIAN INSTfTUTION LIBRARIES 3
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