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246 BULLETIN 133, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM planted about wells and water holes miles from larger groves. In eastern Uruguay, where groves of palms cover kilometers of low- land, ovenbirds fairly swarm. There, .though they came familiarly about houses, they are less domestic, as there is abundance of range for them, so that instead of being concentrated near houses they range through the countryside. At San Vicente any alarm was sufficient to bring ten or a dozen to shriek their disapproval of my intrusion. The loud calls of the ovenbird never fail to announce its presence. One, presumably the male, with bill thrown up and wings drooped, gives vent to a series of shrieking, laughing calls, with distended, vibrating throat, and quivering wing tips. At about the middle of this strange song its mate chimes in with shrill calls of a different pitch, and the two continue in duet to terminate together. The loud notes may be audible at half a mile. Ovenbirds remain paired throughout the year and mated birds may usually be found near one another. Though they s?ek shelter in trees they feed on the ground, frequently far distant from cover, where, with their plump bodies and short tails, they suggest a thrush in form. Search for a livelihood is a serious affair that absorbs every attention, so that they have a preoccupied air. as they walk about in the herbage with nervous hesitant strides and slightly nodding heads. The calls of a neighbor or a mate are certain to bring response even from a distance. The strange, domed, mud nest of this bird is certain to attract attention from the least observant, as it is built in the most conspicuous situations without the slightest attempt at concealment. Hundreds ntay be seen without effort during travel in the pampas. The usual structure averaged 300 mm. long by 200 mm. wide, though the dimensions varied according to circumstances, some being nearly globular and others more elongate. A dome-shaped roof with walls 25 to 35 mm. thick was elevated on a level mud platform until it was entirely arched over with an irregular hole in one side. An inner wall of curving outline was then constructed leading to the back of the inclosure at one side. This cut off the nest cavity from the entrance hall, and entry to the nest was througli a small opening, with a raised threshold, below the roof. When the margins of the opening were rounded off the structure was complete. As the mud used for building material was mixed with vegetable fibers, grass, or hair, the whole made a structure of great firmness. When mud was scarce the birds sometimes utilized fresh cow dung as building material, making a structure that when dry, was as strong as a model of papiermache. To examine the interior in any nest it was neces- sary to cut a hole in it with a heavy knife, as the hand could not be introduced into the nest cavity through the entrance.
U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 133 PL. 14 Domed Nest of Hornero, or Ovenbird 'Furnarius r. rufus), Built OF Mud. The Gate on Which This Was Placed Was in Daily Use Ebtancia Los Yngleses, Lavalle, Buenos Aires, November 11, lUL'O Nest of;hornero, or Ovenbird (Furnarius r. rufus). on Summit of Telegraph Pole Near Lazcano, Uruguay, February 9, 1921
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U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN, 133
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ADVERTISEMENT The scientific public
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IV TABLE OF CONTENTS Annotated list
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2 BULLETIN 133^ UNITED STATES NATIO
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4 BULLETIN 133, UNITED STATES NATIO
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U. S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 133
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BIRDS OF ARGENTINA, PARAGUAY, URUGU
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BIRDS OF AKGENTINA, PARAGUAY, URUGU
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BIKDS OF ARGENTINA, PARAGUAY, URUGU
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BIEDS OF ARGENTINA, PARAGUAY, URUGU
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BIEDS OF AEGENTINA, PARAGUAY, URUGU
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BIRDS OF AKGENTINA, PARAGUAY, URUGU
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BIEDS OF ARGENTINA, PARAGUAY, URUGU
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INDEX Page a. bivittatus, Lepidocol
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cactorum, Trichopicus INDEX 437 Pag
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INDEX 439 Page Page defllippii, Tri
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INDEX 441 Page immaculata, Phaeopro
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INDEX 443 Page Myospiza humeralis c
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INDEX 445 Page Pseudoseisura guttur
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INDEX 447 Page Sublegatus fasciatus
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SMITHSONIAN INSTfTUTION LIBRARIES 3
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