Bulletin - United States National Museum - si-pddr - Smithsonian ...
Bulletin - United States National Museum - si-pddr - Smithsonian ... Bulletin - United States National Museum - si-pddr - Smithsonian ...
212 BULLETIN 133, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM actions they suggested titmice or nuthatches, but lacked the habit of traveling head down found in the latter birds, though the piculets climbed back down along the underside of limbs without difficulty. Tlie tail was not used as a brace and did not touch the limbs on which the bird traveled save by accident or for an instant when the cling- ing attitude common to titmice was assumed. The birds ordinarily ranged from 1 to 3 meters from the ground. The flight is undulating, and on the Aving the bird appears thick set and heavy. The feathers exhale the strong, rank odor characteristic of hole-roosting woodpeckers. In Paraguay the Anguete Indians called the piculet kehlanke moli. These birds were recorded as follows : Resistencia, Chaco, July 9, 1920; Las Palmas, Chaco, July 14 to 31; Riacho Pilaga, Form- osa, August 8 to 18 ; Puerto Pinasco, Paraguay, Kilometer 25 West, September 1, Kilometer 80, September 11, and tlie Cerro Torito, Sei^tember 30. A male shot July 9 had the maxilla and the tip of tlic mandible blackish slate; base of mandible gray number G: tarsus and toes slate; iris dark brown. In the male the red-tipped feathers on the forehead liave broader, stifl'er shafts than in the plainer feathers of the remainder of the crown, or in the less decorative head feathers of the female. DYCTIOPICUS MIXTUS BERLEPSCHI (Hellmayr) Dryohates rnixtus herlepsclii Hellmayr, Yerh. Oru. Ges. Bayern, vol. 12, July 25, 191.5, p. 212. ( Mangrullo, Neiiquen. Argentina.) Xear the Rio Negro, below General Roca, Rio Negro, two of these woodpeckers were encountered in a grove of large willows on December 3, 1920, and an adult female Avas taken. In the open forest in the vicinit}' of Victorica, Pampa, this form Avas fairly common, so that two immature birds were shot on December 27 (one a male, the other Avith sex not determined), an adult nuile Avas secured on December 28, and an immature female on December 29. In form and habits these birds suggest Dryohates nuttaUi. They search persistently for food on the rough bark of Ioav trees, and though rather shy, as they often rest motionless on the side of a limb to aA^oid detection, are after all easy of approach. The flight is undulating and the call note a low rattle. At the end of December immature birds, recentlv from the nest, Avere observed in company Avitli adult males. Adults of this form maA^ be distinguished at a glance from typical mixtus (as represented by a series of four from near Buenos Aires, taken in March, September, and October) b}^ the much longer bill, AAhile on closer comparison the darker auricular spot of herlepschi is readily apparent. The adult female secured at General Roca, Avith
BIRDS OF ARGENTINA, PARAGUAY, URUGUAY, AND CHILE 213 a ciilmen measurement of 23 mm., comes from near the type-locality, as Mangrullo, Neiiqiien, lies between 80 and 100 kilometers northwest. The culraen in the adult male from Victorica measures 24.5 mm. and in coloration the bird is in agreement with the specimen from Roca and with Hellmayr's description. Since Hellmayr described this subspecies from specimens from Mangrullo, Arroytos, and " Rio Limay " in the Territory of Neuquen, the record from Victorica, Pampa, represents a considerable extension of range. It is probable that Tjerlepsehi is found throughout the belt of open forest that ex- tends from southern San Luis south through Pampa. Conditions in the tract mentioned are more favorable to its existence than in the scanty willows that border the Rio Negro and its tributaries, the Neuquen 'and Limay. DYCTIOPICUS MIXTUS MALLEATOR Wetmore Dijctioi)icus mixtus malleator Wetmore, Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., vol. 12, Aug. 19, 1922, p. 326. (Las Palmas, Chaco, Argentina.) In the Chaco this woodpecker was only fairly common. On July 23, 1920, an adult male (type of the subspecies) vvas taken near Las Palmas, Chaco, as it worked busily in a dead fall in dense, swampy forest. A female was shot July 27 as it hopped about in low, scat- tered trees on an open prairie. Another female was shot at the border of forest, near Kilometer 80, Puerto Pinasco, Paraguay, on September 11, 1920. Near Tapia, Tucuman, a female was taken April 8, 1921, and another was observed April 9. The birds when feeding hammer busily at the bark and trunks of trees and in manner suggest small Dryohates. Their call is a low rattle. A single specimen from Tapia is slightly more heavily streaked on the breast than others. The present subspecies is easily distinguished from typical mixtus by the heavier black markings on the lower surface and the restriction of the white on the back. DYCTIOPICUS LIGNARIUS (BIoHna) P/c».s' Llynariiis Molixa, Sagg. Stor. Nat. Cliili, 1782, p. 236. (Chile.) Near Concon, Chile, this woodpecker was observed on April 25, 26. and 27, 1921, and a female was collected on April 26. The birds were found in Ioav growths of dense brush and in habits resembled D. mixtus. VENILIORNIS OLIVINUS (Malherbe) Picm oUvinus Malherbe, Mem. Soc. Roy. Sci. Liege, vol. 2, pt. 1, 1845, p. 67. (Brazil.) Woodpeckers of this species, like those of the other two forms of the same genus here discussed, were quiet inhabitants of dense forests where they w^orked industriously, often in concealed situations in which they were discovered Avith difficultv. In mannerisms
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212 BULLETIN 133, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM<br />
actions they suggested titmice or nuthatches, but lacked the habit of<br />
traveling head down found in the latter birds, though the piculets<br />
climbed back down along the under<strong>si</strong>de of limbs without difficulty.<br />
Tlie tail was not used as a brace and did not touch the limbs on which<br />
the bird traveled save by accident or for an instant when the cling-<br />
ing attitude common to titmice was assumed. The birds ordinarily<br />
ranged from 1 to 3 meters from the ground. The flight is undulating,<br />
and on the Aving the bird appears thick set and heavy. The<br />
feathers exhale the strong, rank odor characteristic of hole-roosting<br />
woodpeckers.<br />
In Paraguay the Anguete Indians called the piculet kehlanke moli.<br />
These birds were recorded as follows : Re<strong>si</strong>stencia, Chaco, July<br />
9, 1920; Las Palmas, Chaco, July 14 to 31; Riacho Pilaga, Form-<br />
osa, August 8 to 18 ;<br />
Puerto Pinasco, Paraguay, Kilometer 25 West,<br />
September 1, Kilometer 80, September 11, and tlie Cerro Torito,<br />
Sei^tember 30.<br />
A male shot July 9 had the maxilla and the tip of tlic mandible<br />
blackish slate; base of mandible gray number G: tarsus and toes<br />
slate; iris dark brown.<br />
In the male the red-tipped feathers on the forehead liave broader,<br />
stifl'er shafts than in the plainer feathers of the remainder of the<br />
crown, or in the less decorative head feathers of the female.<br />
DYCTIOPICUS MIXTUS BERLEPSCHI (Hellmayr)<br />
Dryohates rnixtus herlepsclii Hellmayr, Yerh. Oru. Ges. Bayern, vol. 12,<br />
July 25, 191.5, p. 212. ( Mangrullo, Neiiquen. Argentina.)<br />
Xear the Rio Negro, below General Roca, Rio Negro, two of<br />
these woodpeckers were encountered in a grove of large willows on<br />
December 3, 1920, and an adult female Avas taken. In the open<br />
forest in the vicinit}' of Victorica, Pampa, this form Avas fairly common,<br />
so that two immature birds were shot on December 27 (one a<br />
male, the other Avith sex not determined), an adult nuile Avas secured<br />
on December 28, and an immature female on December 29. In form<br />
and habits these birds suggest Dryohates nuttaUi. They search<br />
per<strong>si</strong>stently for food on the rough bark of Ioav trees, and though<br />
rather shy, as they often rest motionless on the <strong>si</strong>de of a limb to<br />
aA^oid detection, are after all easy of approach. The flight is undulating<br />
and the call note a low rattle. At the end of December<br />
immature birds, recentlv from the nest, Avere observed in company<br />
Avitli adult males.<br />
Adults of this form maA^ be distinguished at a glance from typical<br />
mixtus (as represented by a series of four from near Buenos Aires,<br />
taken in March, September, and October) b}^ the much longer bill,<br />
AAhile on closer comparison the darker auricular spot of herlepschi<br />
is readily apparent. The adult female secured at General Roca, Avith