volume one
volume one volume one
24 HISTOET OF THE CEUSADES. his prince or his bishop, a precaution which must have prevented many disorders. History' does not record a single act of violence committed bv one of the travellers who absolutely covered the route to the East. A Mussulman governor, who had seen a vast number of them pass to Emessa, said : " They have not left their homes with any bad desiirn : they only seek to fulfil their law."* Every year, at the period of the festivals of Easter, numberless troops of pilgrims arrived in Jadea to celebrate the mystery of the Redemption, and to behold the miracle of the sacred fire, which a superstitious multitude believed they saw descend from heaven upon the lamps of the holy sepulchre. There existed no crime that might not be expiated by the pilgrimage to Jerusalem, and acts of devotion at the tomb of Christ. We find in the "Acts of the Saints," that, in the time of Lothaire, this opiiiion was established among the Pranks. An old relation, preserved by a monk of Hedon, informs us that a powerful lord of the duchy of Brittany, named Frotmonde, the murderer of his uncle and his brother, presented hunself in the habit of a penitent before the king of France and an assembly of bishops. The monarch and the prelates, as an expiation for the blood he had ylied, caused him to bo tightly bound \vith chains of iron, and ordered him to visit the holy places, his brow marked with ashes, and ids body clothed in a winding-sheet. Frotmonde, accompanied by his servants and the accomplices of his crime, set out for Palestine ; after having for some time sojourned at Jerusalem, he crossed the desert, went to the banks of the Xile, traversed a part of Africa, proceeded as far as Cartilage, and came back to Pome, where Pope Benedict 111. advised him to commence a new pilgrimage, to complete his penance and obtain an entire remission of his sins. Frotmonde saw Palestine a second time, penetrated as far as the shores of the Ped Sea, remained three years on Mount Sinai, and went mto Armenia, to visit the mountain on which tlie ark of Xoah had rested after the deluge. On his return to his country he was received as a saint; he shut himself * No7i (/i/(Bnmt mala, sed legem eorum adimplere cpiitnl.— Glii.i.e- BARD. The account of the pilgrimage of St. Guillebard (VillibaJdu« , drawn up by a nun of Heindenheim, at his relation, is to be found in the " Acta Sanctorum Ord. Sanct. Ben." saeculi 3, part. 2.
— niSTOKY OF THE CEUSADE3. 25 \ip in the monastery of Eedon,* and died regretted by the eenobites whom he had edified by the relation of his pilgrimages. Many years after the death of Protmonde, Centius, prefect of E-ome, who had nsed violence to the Pope in the chnrch of St. Mary the G-reat, who had dragged him from the altar, and placed him in a dungeon, needed nothing more to expiate this sacrilege than to perform the pilgrimage to the Holy Land. Poulque-jSTerra, count of Anjou, charged with crimes, and stained with blood, thought to eftace all his cruelties by a voyage to Jerusalem. His brother, whom he had caused to perish in a dungeon, presented himself wherever he went, before his eyes ; it appeared to him that the numerous victims sacrificed to his ambition in unjust wars issued from their tombs to disturb his sleep, and reproach him for his barbarity. Pursued everj^diere by these frightful images, Poulque left his states, and repaired to Palestine, in the gaib of a pilgi-im. When he arrived at Jerusalem, he passed through the streets of the holy city with a cord about his neck, beaten with rods by his domestics, repeating in a loud voice these words : " Lord, have pity on a perjured and fugitive Christian." During his abode in Palestme,t he bestowed numerous benefactions, comforted the miseries of the pilgrims, and left everywhere testimonials of his devotion and charity. He returned to his duchy, bringing with him a portion of the true cross, and * The account of the pilgrimage of Frotmonde, drawn up by an anonymous monk of Redon, is inserted in the " Acta Sanctorum Ordin. Sanct. Ben." sseculi 4, part. 2. f The aggregated history of the annals and chronicles of Anjou, which describes tlae pilgrimages of Foulque, relates an incident which appears to deserve to be known, for the full relation of which we refer to the Appendix. A Latin chronicle, entitled " Gesta. Consulum Andegav. Spicilegium," torn. X. p. 465, relates the same fact, with more brevity and some circum- stantial differences : Dixerunt, nuUo modo ad sepulcrum optatum pervenire posset nisi super illud et crucem Dominicam mingeret ; quod vir prudens licet invitus annuit. Qusesita igitur arietis vesic4, purgata atque mundata, et Optimo vino repleta, quae etiam apte inter ejus femora posita est, et comes discalciatus ad sepulcrum Domini accessit, vinumque super sepulcrum fudit, et sic ad libitum cum sociis omnibus intravit, et fusis multis lacrymis peroravit.
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24 HISTOET OF THE CEUSADES.<br />
his prince or his bishop, a precaution which must have prevented<br />
many disorders. History' does not record a single<br />
act of violence committed bv <strong>one</strong> of the travellers who<br />
absolutely covered the route to the East. A Mussulman<br />
governor, who had seen a vast number of them pass to<br />
Emessa, said : " They have not left their homes with any<br />
bad desiirn : they only seek to fulfil their law."*<br />
Every year, at the period of the festivals of Easter, numberless<br />
troops of pilgrims arrived in Jadea to celebrate the<br />
mystery of the Redemption, and to behold the miracle of the<br />
sacred fire, which a superstitious multitude believed they saw<br />
descend from heaven upon the lamps of the holy sepulchre.<br />
There existed no crime that might not be expiated by the pilgrimage<br />
to Jerusalem, and acts of devotion at the tomb of<br />
Christ. We find in the "Acts of the Saints," that, in the time<br />
of Lothaire, this opiiiion was established among the Pranks.<br />
An old relation, preserved by a monk of Hedon, informs us<br />
that a powerful lord of the duchy of Brittany, named Frotmonde,<br />
the murderer of his uncle and his brother, presented<br />
hunself in the habit of a penitent before the king of France<br />
and an assembly of bishops. The monarch and the prelates,<br />
as an expiation for the blood he had ylied, caused him to bo<br />
tightly bound \vith chains of iron, and ordered him to visit<br />
the holy places, his brow marked with ashes, and ids body<br />
clothed in a winding-sheet. Frotmonde, accompanied by<br />
his servants and the accomplices of his crime, set out for<br />
Palestine ; after having for some time sojourned at Jerusalem,<br />
he crossed the desert, went to the banks of the Xile,<br />
traversed a part of Africa, proceeded as far as Cartilage, and<br />
came back to Pome, where Pope Benedict 111. advised him<br />
to commence a new pilgrimage, to complete his penance<br />
and obtain an entire remission of his sins. Frotmonde saw<br />
Palestine a second time, penetrated as far as the shores of<br />
the Ped Sea, remained three years on Mount Sinai, and<br />
went mto Armenia, to visit the mountain on which tlie<br />
ark of Xoah had rested after the deluge. On his return<br />
to his country he was received as a saint; he shut himself<br />
* No7i (/i/(Bnmt mala, sed legem eorum adimplere cpiitnl.— Glii.i.e-<br />
BARD. The account of the pilgrimage of St. Guillebard (VillibaJdu« ,<br />
drawn up by a nun of Heindenheim, at his relation, is to be found in the<br />
" Acta Sanctorum Ord. Sanct. Ben." saeculi 3, part. 2.
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