06-bioresourcesstatu.. - M. S. Swaminathan Research Foundation

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Vembanad Lake agrochemicals, sewage and industrial effluents & excessive fishing pressure resulted in growth over fishing followed by recruitment overfishing. a) The Thanneermukkam salt barrier shouid be kept open for longer periods so that the nursery grounds of fishes and prawns can be doubled. This would also remove the restriction imposed on migration of many finfishes. b) By construction of a dike along the southeastern boundary, the problem of salt incursion into the paddy field can be resolved. c) The growth overfishing followed by recruitment overfishing can be regulated by increasing the mesh size of the gears to about 20-25 mm. d) The number of stake nets should be reduced as it exerts lot of pressure on the juveniles of penaeid prawns. Illicit operation of stake net during high tide should be stopped. e) The seaward migratory species for spawning purpose shall be protected by minimizing the fishing activities at the bar mouth and adjacent regions, especially during the monsoon months. f) Ranching in the down stream region with seeds of penaeid prawns, mullets, milk fish (Chanos chanos) and sea bass (Lates calcarifer) and in the upstream region with Indian major carps, selected indigenous carps, exotic carps, pearl spot and giant fresh water prawn should be done. g) Creation of artificial spawning areas or sanctuaries for brackishwater fishes and clam. h) The shallow water areas along the fringes of Acknowledgements the lake can be utilized for aquaculture practices. The Padasekharams of the lower Kuttanad region can be utilized for raising freshwater prawns and fish as a follow-up crop after the paddy harvest. i) The downstream migrating berried females of M. rosenbergii should be given the status of endangered species. Ranching by hatcheryproduced seeds could be tried. A similar endangered status can be accorded to Labeo dussumieri also. j) Exploitation of black clams below 20 mm should be banned. k) The present practice of allowing clay-water slurry to spread in the lake from dredgers should be stopped. I) Use of poisons, explosive devices etc. should be strictly prohibited for catching fish. m) The mangrove vegetation covering about 44 ha and bird sanctuary now fenced have a total of 8 ha. This is one of the main tourist attractions. This should be further developed to attract more people. However, the rubber and coconut plantations have resulted in damage to the mangroves. Attempts should be made not only to preserve the sanctuary and the vegetation but also to improve the rehabilitation of appropriate mangrove species within & outside the sanctuary. Trespassing the sanctuary should be strictly prohibited. Only those with bonafide historical, ornithological, ecological interest should be allowed inside the campus. The authors are grateful to M.S. Swaminathan Research Fbundation for providing the opportunity to present this report. The authors record their thanks to Dr. E. Vivekanandan, G. Gopakumar and C. Muthiah for providing many of the reprints on the subject. 100
REFERENCES Achary, G.P.K 1987. Characteristics of clam resources of Vembanad lake - a case study. Iu Proceedings of the Nationat Seminar on shellfish resources and farming. Session-I, Bulletin 42 (Part-I), p 10-13. CMFRI, Cochin. Ali Salim, 1962. Migratory Wagtails in Kerala. Journal Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 59(1): 294-296. Auon, 1988. Mission Report. Environmental Aspecis. Kuttanad Water Balance Study Project, 59 pp. Antony,A. and Kurien, C.Y.1975. Seasonal occurrence of Rotalia beccarii (Linne) Foraminifera in the Vembanad estuary Bull. Dept. Mar. Sci. Univ. Cochin. 7:1975, 235-241. Ansari, Z.A. 1974. Macrobenthic produciion in Vembanad lake. MalUlSagar 7:1974. Ansari, Z.A. 1977. Macrobenthos of Cochin Waters, Mahasagar 10: 169-171. Antony, A. 1975. Preliminary observation on foraminifera from Vernban ad lake. In R. Natarajan, Ed. Recent Researches in Estuarine Biology. Histustan Publ. Co. Delhi. 212-222. Aziz, P.K., Abdul & Nair, N.B., 1978. The nature of pollution in the retting zones of the backwaters of Kerala. Aqua.Biol. 3:41-62. Balakrishna, K.P. and Shynamma, C.S. 1976. Diel variations in hydrographic condition during different season at Cochin Harbour. Indian Jour. Mar. Sci.,5: 190-195. Baxter, KN., 1962, Abundance of post larval shrimp - one index of future shrimping slices Proc. of Gay of Carib Fisheries Inst. 15 Session pp 79-87. Cherian, P.V. 1968. A collection of mollusks from the Cochin harbour area. In Proceedings of the symposium on Mollusca. Marine Bioi, Ass. Of India, Cochin Part-I: 121-136. Devassy, V.P and Gopinathan, C.K 1958. Hydrobiological features of the Kerala Backwaters. Indian J.Fish" 5 : 375-401. Datta, P, G.C.Laha and P.M.Mitra, 1971. In Symposium on Indian Ocean and Adjacent Sea. Mar. Bioi. Ass. of Indio. Cochin. Gopinath, K 1953, Exploitation of fishes and prawns of Vembanad. J. Bombay_ Nat. Hist. Soc. 51 : 446. Haridas, P., M.Madhupratap and T.S.S.Rao,. 1973. Salinity, temperature, oxygen and zooplankton biomass of the backwaters from Cochin to Alleppy.Indian Jour. of Mar. Sci., 2 : 94. Harikrishnan, M. and B.M.Kurup, 1997. On the intensity of exploitation of berried females of Macrobrachium rosenbergii (de Man) in the Vembanad lake. Fish. Technol. 34(1) : 13-20. 101 Vembanad Lake Hornell, J. 1921. The common mollusks of South India. Madras Fisheries Bulletin. 14: 97-115. Jhingran, V.G., 1985. Fish and Fisheries of India. Hindustan Publ. Corporaiion (India) Delhi. John, C.C., 1936. Freshwater fish and fisheries of Travancore. J.Bombay Nat. His. Soc. 67: 575- 577. Josanto, V. 1971.The bottom salinity characteristics and the factors that influence the salt water penetration in the Vembanad lake. Bull. Dept. Mar. Bioi. Oceanogr. 5: 1-16. Kathirevel, M., Gopalakrishna, KN. and Nalini,C. 1978. On the occurrence of Metapenaeus hilarda (deMan) and Penaeus penicillatus. Alcock in Cochin backwaters Indian J.Fish., 23(lce):236- 237. Kerala Sastra Sahitya Parishat, 1978. Problems of Kuttanad - a study report 73 pp (in Malayalam). Kizhakudan Joe K and K.A.Narasimham, 1995. Observation on the population cbaracteristics of tbe corbiculid clam Villorita cyprinoids (Gray) in the Chitrapuzha portion of the Vembanad lake. CMFRI Spl. Publ. 61: 83-87. Kurup, B.M. 1982. Studies on the systematics and biology of fishes of the Vembanad Lake. Ph.D. Thesis submitted to Univ.of Cochin. 683 p. Kurup, B.M.and C.T.Samuel, 1987. Ecology and fish distribution pattern of a tropical estuary. In: Proceedings of the National seminar on Estuarine Management. State Committee on Science, Technology and Environment. Govt. of Kerala. 339-349. Kurup, B.M. and M.J.Sebasian, T.M. Sankaran and P.Rabindranath, 1990. Exploited fishery resources of the Vembanad lake. Mahasagar, 23(2): 127-137. Kurup, B.M. and M. Harikrishnan, 2000. Reviving the Macrobrachium rosenbergii (de Man) fishery in Vembanad lake, India. NAGA 23 (2): 4 - 9. Kurup, B.M. and M.J.Sebasian, T.M. Sankaran and P. Rabindranath, 1992. Exploited fishery resources of the Vemhanad lake. Fishery Based on Pokkali fields and polders. Fish. Technol, 29:21 - 26. Kurup, B.M.and Binu Kuriakose, 1994. Fecundity indices of an endangered indeginous carp. Labeo dussumieri (Val.) of Keraia. Fish. Technol. 31(1): 8 - 11. Kurup, H.M., M.J. Sebastian, T.M. Sankaran & P. Rabindranath, 1990. Exploited fishery resources of the Vembanad lake. Part-3 Clam Fisheries. Mahasagar Vol.23 (2): 127-137. Kurien, C.V. and Sebasiian, Y.O. 1982. Prawn and prawn fisheries of India. Hindustan Publishing Corporation. (India). .
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, \ Bioresources Status in Select C
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Preface Foreword Introduction Biore
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'ST. (~) ~ wrf Dr. (Mrs.) Manju Sha
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Preparation of status report and de
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Gulf of Kachchh II. Description of
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Gulf of Kachchh Table 5 : Natural w
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Gulf of Kachchh marine life. Out of
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Gulf of Kachchh same coast Spongomo
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Gulf of Kachchh Kachchh. Ninety-one
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Gulf of Kachchh involved in the res
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Gulf of Kachchh Parastromateus nige
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Gulf of Kachchh Table 14. Fishing c
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Gulf of Kachchh Table 16 : Cropping
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Gulf of Kachc Table Year 1897 1909
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Gulf of Kachchh VII. Conservation A
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Gulf of Kachchh their life cycle. S
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Gulf of Kachchh Eswaran, C.R, KR. N
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Gulf of Kachchh ABBREVATIONS FSI Fo
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Name of the island Majnr habitat Im
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I Name of the island (GPS Location)
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Gulf of Kachchh Species Name Common
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Gulf of Kachchh Scientific Name Loc
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Gulf of Kachchh Scientific Name loc
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• Gulf of Kachchh Scientific Name
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Gulf of Kachchh Category Species Na
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Gulf of Kachchh Category Species Na
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Gulf of Kachchh VI. Checklist of mo
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Gullo! Kach.chh Species Name Common
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Gulf of Kachchh Species Name 1 (New
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Gulf of Kachchh Species Name Common
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Gulf of Kachchh IX. Checklist of th
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Page 66 and 67: Gulf of Kachchh Scientific Name Com
Page 68 and 69: Gulf of Kachchh Category Species Na
Page 70 and 71: Gulf of Kachchh Category 1 REPTILES
Page 72 and 73: .' Avicennia marina dense patch t._
Page 74 and 75: I. Introduction Malvan Bio-resource
Page 76 and 77: - ---------------------------------
Page 78 and 79: I""F--r'--' -~------i, ~:::~::, "
Page 80 and 81: Sr.No. Variety 95-96 15. Ribbon fis
Page 82 and 83: A MAP- 6 Principal crops of Ratnagl
Page 84 and 85: threat of low fish production, 'low
Page 86 and 87: S.No. Name of the plant Vernacular
Page 88 and 89: S.No. Name of the plant Vernacular
Page 90 and 91: S.No. + Preset and - Absent Name of
Page 92 and 93: S.No. 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
Page 94 and 95: Alphonso mangos Cashew fruit flower
Page 96 and 97: Vermicompost project demonstration
Page 98 and 99: Vembanad Lake The Vembanad Lake is
Page 100 and 101: Vembanad Lake b. Kumarakom (9°37'
Page 102 and 103: Vembanad Lake gymnocephalus, Gerres
Page 104 and 105: Vembanad Lake cyprinoides (Grey). A
Page 106 and 107: Vembanad Lake Estimates of live cla
Page 108 and 109: Vembanad Lake exploited from Vemban
Page 110 and 111: Vembanad Lake currents in these are
Page 112 and 113: Vembanad Lake Some of plant like Ce
Page 116 and 117: Vembanad Lake Kurup, B.M., M.J. Seb
Page 118 and 119: . Lakshadweep Islands I. Introducti
Page 120 and 121: Lakshadweep Islands iii. The Natura
Page 122 and 123: Lakshadweep Islands c. The Ocean Th
Page 124 and 125: Lakshadweep Islands 70000 soooo 500
Page 126 and 127: Lakshadweep Islands and, Scaveola k
Page 128 and 129: Lakshadweep Islands islands to impr
Page 130 and 131: Lakshadweep Islands take during the
Page 132 and 133: Lakshadweep Islands and thereafter
Page 134 and 135: Lakshadweep Islands 1. Pre-baiting
Page 136 and 137: Lakshadweep Islands increases the w
Page 138 and 139: Lakshadweep Islands Table 5 - Manag
Page 140 and 141: Lakshadweep Islands Acknowledgemen
Page 142 and 143: Lakshadweep Islands Appendix 2 Some
Page 144 and 145: Lakshadweep Islands Appendix 3 - Li
Page 146 and 147: Lakshadweep Islands I S.No. Name of
Page 148 and 149: Lakshadweep Islands Appendix 5 Sign
Page 150 and 151: Lakshadweep Islands 3. THE LAKSHADW
Page 152 and 153: L ak shad we e pis I and s 4. Vol.
Page 154 and 155: Lakshadweep Islands This would redu
Page 156 and 157: I!i ~ ~ - •• /II'f;~ If:~" "',.
Page 158 and 159: Pulicat Lake I. Introduction Pulica
Page 160 and 161: Pulicat Lake Figure 2 : River syste
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Pulicat Lake Figure 5. Annual Incom
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Pulicat Lake about 40 to 50 painted
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Pulicat Lake V. Bioresource Profile
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Pulicat Lake 1285 to 24768 in the f
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Pulicat Lake seeding procedures and
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Pulicat Lake and lagoons. which for
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Pulicat Lake SINo. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6
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Pulicat Lake REFERENCES Anantharama
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Pullea! Lake SI No. Name of the Vil
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Pulicat Lake SI Primary High Hr. Se
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Pulicat Lake SINo. SCIENTIFIC NAME
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Pulicat Lake SINo. COMMON NAME SCIE
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Pulicat Lake ANNEXURE -v Fishing Gr
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~ ~ 29 Thirumalainagar 0 0 0 0 0 0
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Pulicat Lake 42 Mugathuvarakuppam 3
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Light house village with traditiona
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I. Introduction Bhitarkanika In 199
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the absence of Nypa fruitcans (loca
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-- 2olf1 1981 1961 1941 1921 1901 D
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has indicated that macro and meio-f
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• Tantiapal fish landing center :
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to see whether the solar cookers we
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The ploughs and other implements ar
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the rice straw is exhausted. A few
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generate information that will help
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Kenneally, KF. (1982). Ma11{}roveof
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Bhitarkanika No. CommonName Zoologi
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Bhilarkanika Fish No. CommonName No
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1. Introduction Chilika Lake Chilik
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ii. Climate The state of Orissa is
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The central sector is moderately de
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asis of available data from an earl
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Table3:Distributionofmajorvasrularh
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A total number of 217 species of fi
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lake from the sea. The two openings
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Workshop/Seminar conference Table6:
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agricultural fields for the purpose
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from Chilika lake has fallen from 4
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in September, 2000. The old mouth a
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culture" of fish/shrimp that not on
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tourism around the world and guidel
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...::.-:.~--: .•.:...~ ~~ _.~--:.
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Malvan tahsil located along west co
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The Lakshadweep Islands are the onl
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Bhitarkanika Wildlife Sanctuary is
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3rfU~TTfmJ~ Executive Summary in Hi
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