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EDIBLE AND POISONOUS MUSHROOMS OF CANADA<br />
silky-hairy, margin irregular and wavy, flesh thin, whitish ochraceous, odor<br />
and taste none, lamellae decurrent, distant, narrow, ridge-form, blunt on the<br />
edge, forked, at first yellowish ochraceous, becoming grayish at maturity.<br />
STIPE 1-2)^ in. long, V8~!4 ^^- thick, equal, glabrous, brownish yellow to<br />
ochraceous, whitish at the base, soHd or stuffed, sometimes hollow in age.<br />
SPORES creamy white in mass, ovoid to subglobose or broadly elliptical, smooth,<br />
7-10.5 X 6-8 (9) fx.<br />
In groups on the ground in swampy places, usually among sphagnum.<br />
July-Sept.<br />
Kauffman thought that the specific name tubaeformis was misleading<br />
because the stipe in this species is sohd and not tube-hke. However, the name<br />
is derived from tuba, a trumpet, and refers to the shape of the pileus rather<br />
than to the stipe. It is not so deeply trumpet-shaped as C. floccosus and is a<br />
thinner, more pHant, and less brightly colored plant.<br />
Considerable uncertainty exists concerning the taxonomy and nomen-<br />
clature of this and related species. There appear to be four similar but probably<br />
distinct fungi which have been called respectively, C. tubaeformis Fr., C. in-<br />
fundibuliformis Fr., C. lutescens Fr., and Craterellus lutescens Pers. ex Fr.<br />
The Craterellus is a rather bright yellow species with a smooth or slightly<br />
wrinkled hymenium, and when it dries the pileus becomes gray to blackish and<br />
the hymenium pale yellow. The spores are 9-12 X 7-8.5 /x. Cantharellus<br />
lutescens is yellowish orange to brownish ochre. The lamellae are relatively<br />
well formed, orange-buff in young specimens, more grayish in older ones, and<br />
becoming gray when dried. The spores are (9) 10-12 (13) X 6-8.5 (10) /x.<br />
C. tubaeformis and C. infundibuliformis are not so brightly colored and<br />
have slightly smaller, more subglobose spores. The spores of C. infundibuli-<br />
formis are said to be tinged yellowish to salmon in mass whereas those of<br />
C. tubaeformis are whitish to cream. This seems to be the principal difference<br />
between the two species, although the stipe of C. tubaeformis is said to be solid<br />
at first, becoming hollow in age, whereas the stipe of C. infundibuliformis is<br />
hollow from the first. These fungi need further study to determine whether or<br />
not the differences are constant and sufficiently great to warrant regarding<br />
them as distinct species. If they should prove to be variations of the same<br />
fungus, C. tubaeformis would be the correct name of the species.<br />
Apparently there is a fungus occurring in the western United States that<br />
has a yellow spore deposit and grows on wood. This may be the true C. in-<br />
fundibuliformis or may perhaps be an undescribed species. If this proves to be<br />
C. infundibuliformis probably all the material of the eastern form occurring in<br />
swamps is C tubaeformis.<br />
CANTHARELLUS UMBONATUS Fr. Edible<br />
Figure 51, page 25<br />
PILEUS 54-1 1/2 ill- broad, pliant, at first convex or topshaped, becoming<br />
plane to depressed, usually with a small umbo, bluish gray, gray-brown, or<br />
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