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CANTHARELLUS<br />
CANTHARELLUS CIBARIUS Fr. Edible<br />
Figure 46, page 25; Figure 411, page 295<br />
Chanterelle<br />
piLEUS 1-4 in. broad, fleshy, firm, convex or sometimes top-shaped,<br />
becoming expanded and then depressed in the center, often irregularly wavy<br />
or lobed, chrome-yellow to egg-yellow, fading in age, slightly fibrillose to<br />
glabrous, not striate, dry. flesh firm, whitish to yellowish, taste mild to somewhat<br />
peppery, odor fruity or sometimes lacking, lamellae decurrent, distant,<br />
forked, thick, blunt on the edge, narrow, yellow, stipe 2-3 in. long, I/2-I in.<br />
thick, narrower toward the base, solid, glabrous, concolorous with the pileus<br />
or paler, spores elhptical, smooth, tinged yellowish in mass, 8-1 1 X 4-6 /x.<br />
Scattered or in groups, or sometimes in small clusters, on the ground in<br />
open woods, either coniferous or deciduous. July-Sept.<br />
Not many mushrooms are sufficiently well known to possess a common<br />
name but this species, which is highly prized as food, especially in Europe, has<br />
many names in diff'erent languages of which the best known is the chanterelle.<br />
The European plants are said to have a fruity odor resembling apricots and,<br />
although this appears to be sometimes lacking in North American chanterelles,<br />
they are none the less desirable for the table. Because of its firm texture this<br />
species may require longer cooking than some of the more tender ones.<br />
It is an important mushroom, for it occurs fairly commonly, is widely<br />
distributed, and is sufficiently distinctive in appearance that it is not likely to<br />
be confused with any other species. It is one that the beginner may easily learn<br />
to recognize and collect with confidence. Care should be taken to distinguish<br />
between this species and the poisonous Clitocybe illudens, which is somewhat<br />
similar in color but has thin, close to crowded lamellae, and usually grows in<br />
large clusters. Clitocybe aurantiaca is another species of doubtful reputation<br />
that might be confused with it, but it is more orange in color and also has<br />
thin, close lamellae.<br />
Cantharellus subalbidus Smith & Morse is a western species that is similar<br />
in stature and appearance to C. cibarius but it is whitish in color and the<br />
spores are white rather than yellowish.<br />
CANTHARELLUS CINNABARINUS Schw. Edible<br />
Figure 47, page 25<br />
PILEUS Yz-lVi<br />
becoming expanded-depressed, often irregular, cinnabar-red, fading when old<br />
in. broad, rarely larger, fleshy, firm, convex, obtuse<br />
or on drying, glabrous, margin often wavy or lobed. flesh ;thin, whitish, red-<br />
dish at the surface, odor and taste mild, lamellae long-decurrent, distant,<br />
forked, thick, blunt on the edge, narrow, varying from red to yellowish or<br />
in. thick, equal or tapering downward,<br />
pinkish, stipe %-] 1/2 in. long, Y^-Va<br />
sometimes compressed at the apex, tough, fleshy, solid or sometimes stuff'ed,<br />
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