Archaeology and nature: hyblean cultural landscape and territorial ...

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like the Park are fundamental for the construction of the identity and sociability. That is, therefore, a sustainable contribution to the areas of the city with social problems (12). The sustainable development processes for cultural heritage preservation requires an understanding of communities’ multi-variants (16), where the territory embodies the heterogeneity and complexity of urban live, which in turn requires multicultural recognition (28). A territory that embraces the historical landscape of a minority’s culture, its aural and its visual memory, is a landscape that can be seen, smell, heard, full of colors, full of remembrance. Then the functions of the urban space are also cultural heritage (4) and its sustainability is understood as a socio-historical process (9). If the cultural heritage is taken as a component of the sustainable development through the social sustainability approach, it would be a huge step to go beyond the traditional cultural heritage preservation approaches. At the same time, it would let the heritage to be stand into the socio-cultural components of the sustainable development in a comprehensive way. 5. Conclusion The Spirit of Place theory for cultural heritage preservation converges with social sustainability by linking the people, its natural and created environments and their “chances of life” in the space. So, when it comes to cultural heritage preservation, both theories lean on the protection of the existent relationship between humanity and its surrounding nature and space, rather than on the material elements and the physical objects resulting from this connection. This means the traditional perspective for cultural heritage preservation is inverted: before it was first the recognition of the object (material features) to then recognize the subject (community). Now, framing the cultural heritage into the social sustainability approach for sustainable development, the subject (community) is recognized as the first component, thus the social function of the cultural heritage lies in the recognition of the subject to then heed the object. The case of the park Mirador de los Nevados is an example of how an urban renewal project for cultural heritage preservation, rather than starting from the recovery of a physical object, it can began dealing with the socio-cultural representation of a specific community, and then make it tangible through the materialization of the Spirit of Place. Namely, the perspectives for cultural heritage preservation do not necessarily need to be based on the material heritage. Instead, this process must be done based on the cultural and social needs of the people living in the area that is going to be protected, preserving the Spirit of Place without splitting the tangible and intangible components of the heritage. Social sustainability establishes that to make tangible the immeasurable Spirit of Place for cultural heritage preservation, it is necessary the inclusion of the community. The cultural heritage existence is not represented only by its materiality. The reason of the existence of cultural heritage lies on its constant revitalization through the daily usage given by the community. The inclusion of the community into the cultural heritage preservation process has to be focused on the social function of the cultural heritage which contributes to its renovation. Not considering the habitants, their experiences and values, lead to what Van Der Hammen (2009) calls “shell heritage”, cultural heritage conservation processes fragile like an eggshell: if there are no people willing to live and preserve heritage in their everyday life, it would be very easily broken. Another important alternative to shift the traditional cultural heritage preservation to contemporary ones, where the heritage becomes an essential foundation for sustainable development, can be found in the social sustainability “soft themes” which are also totally linked to the perspective of Spirit of Place. Although there is a lack of methodologies to assess the intangible expression of the social sustainability, that does not mean these “soft themes” are not fundamental elements for the placement of the cultural heritage into the social sustainability approach. Well-being, happiness, memory and identity seem to be subjective and immeasurable, but when they are connected to cultural heritage processes, they become expressions of equity, inclusion, adaptability and security. The park has become a fundamental scene for equity and inclusion for the Musica and the Suba inhabitant to participate in community as cultural and social groups or as individuals. Also, this site is also a tool for the people’s adaptability to social and urban changes, as well as offers a safe and supportive environment. When the communities’ identity is recognized and printed in the space, its infrastructure and in urban policies, those themes are notorious in the way the inhabitant uses and experiences the space, as well as it can be noticed how the social tensions are reduced. In the case of the park Mirador de los Nevados, it is 1175
evident the impact the park had on the improvement of the quality of life of the community of Muisca and Suba. It not just brought public recognition to this minority in the city, but also through the implementation of environmental programs and cooperative associations. It is true the park itself cannot eradicate the social inequity in the district; however it offers a space for cultural and political participation where the power and control orders can be questioned, where the social and cultural empowerment is possible. The social sustainability also concerns to the recognition of the particularities of a specific society in a specific place into the contemporary globalization processes. The Spirit of Place for cultural heritage preservation is a vehicle for the recognition of such particularities and the authenticity of a society. The Spirit of Place acknowledges the memory, identity and territory of a specific culture and its relation with the space. This guarantees the possibility of having sustainable cultural heritage preservation processes, where the modernization and the economic growth are promoted through the social and cultural needs of a community, promoting then social sustainable development. In the park Mirador de los Nevados, the implementation of non-traditional pedagogic tools for environmental education, as well as the recognition of the cultural heritage as an expression of an urban indigenous and urban minorities not only makes sustainable the park itself, but also brought a sustainable approaches for Suba district and the manage to this area social and environmental problematic. When sustainable development is founded in conventional approaches from traditional social policies, considering that economical and environmental oriented sustainability policies are enough to reach social welfare and without including particular communities’ conceptions of the space, neither its memory nor identity, it do not imply social sustainable process. The Park is an example of that. Social and Environmental sustainability of the park is nowadays a reality thanks to: 1. to the inclusion of cultural heritage, through the spirit of the place theory, into the social sustainability framework; 2.the coupling of this perspective with the national and local sustainability policies. In other words, cultural heritage and the recognition of its social function was the key of the success of social sustainability and rest of sustainable development processes that consequently derived after this urban renewal project at Mirador de los Nevados. Through the approaches of social sustainability it is possible to promote development processes within which the principal goal is not the ultra-modernization of the space, but the development of solutions with cultural and identity contents to solve local urban problems for specific social and cultural urban space. Bibliographical References [1] ALCALDÍA MAYOR DE BOGOTÁ. Recorriendo Suba: diagnóstico físico y socioeconómico de las localidades de Bogotá, DC. Bogotá : Alcaldía Mayor de Bogotá, 2004. [2] —. Diagnóstico Primer Avance Diagnóstico Localidad de Suba. Bogotá: Alcaldía Mayor de Bogotá, 2011. [3] —. Aulas Ambientales: Parque Mirador de los Nevados. [ed.] Secreataría de Ambiente de Bogotá. Ficha Técnica - Mapa Callejero. [http://www.bogota.gov.co/mad/info_sitio.php?id_sitio=58796]. Bogotá : Alcaldía Mayor de Bogotá, 10 February 2012. [4] ALOFS, Luc. The Aruba Herigae Report: Aruba's Intangible Cultural Heritage, an Inventory. Aruba: UNESCO, 2008. [5] ANTONIO, Senen Melchorm. Urban Conservation and Development: sustaining the spirit of place. Hong Kong: Faculty of Architecture, University of Hong Kong, 1995. [6] BARON, Robert M. Casiglion Fiorentino: Re-Thinking the Spirit of the Place. In AA.VV. Proceedings of ICOMOS 16th General Assembly and Scientific Symposium. Quebec: ICOMOS, 2008. [7] CHÁVEZ, Trinidad. Tiempo y espacio, territorio y memoria (reflexiones desde la antropología). Revista Universidad de Sonora, 2009, vol. 26, pp. 25-28. [8] CLARKE, Annie and Chris Johnston. Time, Memory, Place and land: Social Meaning and Heritage Conservation in Australia. In Proceedings of ICOMOS 16th General Assembly and Scientific Symposium. Quebec: ICOMOS, 2008, p. 1-6. [9] COLANTONIO, Andrea. Urban regeneration & social sustainability: best practice from European cities. 1 st ed. Hoboken: Wiley-Blackwell, 2011. [10] CONTI, Alfredo. El espacio público como lugar y su importancia en las teorías sobre patrimonio. In Junta de Andalucia. Consejería de Cultura. PH Cuadernos: Espacio público, ciudad y conjuntos históricos. 1st ed. Andalucía: Instituto Andaluz del Patrimonio Histórico - Consejería de Cultura, 2008, pp. 17-29. [11] DECRETO 069 DE 2002 Por el cual se adopta el Plan Maestro del parque urbano Mirador de los Nevados. Bogotá, Cundinamarca, Colombia: Alcaldía Mayor de Bogotá, DAPD., February 26th 2002. 1176
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Archaeology and nature: hyblean cul
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2. Kaukana project: territorial reg
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The main goal of the planning inter
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The Time of Flight 3d laser scanner
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Fig. 12-13: The archaeological land
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Industrial heritage, collective ide
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vertical reduction of market prices
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Fig. 3: The mining site of Grottaca
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Fig. 5: Laser scan 3D of the Pozzo
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Fig. 6: Palazzo Pennisi. meanings,
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Le tanneries di Barjols: uno spazio
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Fig. 2 - Piano del quartiere delle
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Fig. 4 - Sviluppo verticale anni ci
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Riferimenti bibliografici [1] AA.VV
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to compact settlements, in which th
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Fig. 4: Maiori, plan 1848. Fig. 5:
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Fig. 8: Furore,Conca dei Marini and
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Fig. 10: Positano. 4. The mountain
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which the driving force derived fro
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The urban development of the lower
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Fig. 2: Roman time, overlap Paget h
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