Underground Rivers - University of New Mexico

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Chapter 12 -- Superterranean Metrics The table below summarizes their respective results. Investigator Perrault Mariotte Publication De L’origine des Fontaines (1674) DRAFT 1122//66//22001122 Traité du Mouvement des Eaux et des Autres Corps Fluides (1685) Basin Seine above Aignay-le-Duc Seine above Paris Area (square km) 121 60,356 Duration of Study 3 years 3 years Average Precipitation (mm) 520 400 Annual Precipitation (cubic m) 60,750,000 24,142,400,000 Annual runoff (cubic m) 10,000,000 3,553,056,000 Precipitation/Runoff 6.0:1 6.8:1 Uppddaatteess aatt hhttttpp::////www. .uunnm. .eedduu//~rrhheeggggeenn//UnnddeerrggrroouunnddRi ivveerrss. .hhttml l 124
Chapter 12 -- Superterranean Metrics An historical fact, Claude Perrault was the architect of Versailles and Mariotte, the well-driller. The history of scientific hydrology is indeed one of crossed paths. Water Tank, Versailles Current estimates of the precipitation/runoff ratio are summarized below by continents. Precipitation (mm) Evapotranspiration (mm) DRAFT 1122//66//22001122 Runoff (mm) Precipitation/ Runoff Africa 690 550 140 4.9:1 Asia 720 430 290 2.5:1 Australia 740 510 230 3.2:1 Europe 730 410 320 2.3:1 North America 670 380 290 2.3:1 South America 1650 1060 590 2.8:1 Perrault's and Mariotte's fundamental breakthrough wasn't the precise precipitation/runoff ratio; it was that its value significantly exceeds 1.0. The perception that rivers bear more water than the upstream rainfall was at last disproven. As well-builder for the Palace of Versailles, Mariotte put his findings to practice. In the world’s first application of hydrologic modeling, Mariotte calculated that 100 square kilometers should supply the palace's water need. The channels, however, couldn't transmit the flow and so fared the first application of hydrologic design. Three Englishmen English astronomer Edmond Halley (1656-1742), son of an industrial soap-maker, is best remembered for the comet honoring his name, but his most influential contribution to science was that of translating the works of his friend Isaac Newton from Latin to English. Noting the likeness of comets observed in 1531, 1607 and 1682, Halley concluded that all three were in fact the same object and correctly predicted its 1758 return. Halley's contribution to the science of hydrology stemmed from the condensation on his optical equipment on clear day, 730 meters above the Mediterranean, making the astronomer to be among the first to appreciate the magnitude of atmospheric water. Halley filled a 20-centimeter pan half-full with salt water and heated it to the temperature of a summer day. In two hours, 0.5 ounces were evaporated. Estimating the surface of the Uppddaatteess aatt hhttttpp::////www. .uunnm. .eedduu//~rrhheeggggeenn//UnnddeerrggrroouunnddRi ivveerrss. .hhttml l 125
Page 1 and 2:
Underground Rivers from the River S
Page 3 and 4:
Regarding Copyright Copyright © 20
Page 5 and 6:
Underground Rivers INTRODUCTION Hyd
Page 7 and 8:
Underground Rivers CHAPTERS 1 Greek
Page 9 and 10:
Chapter 1 -- Greek Mythology CHAPTE
Page 11 and 12:
Chapter 1 -- Greek Mythology Oceanu
Page 13 and 14:
Chapter 1 -- Greek Mythology Recall
Page 15 and 16:
Chapter 1 -- Greek Mythology In his
Page 17 and 18:
Chapter 1 -- Greek Mythology DRAFT
Page 19 and 20:
Chapter 1 -- Greek Mythology At the
Page 21 and 22:
Chapter 1 -- Greek Mythology What p
Page 23 and 24:
Chapter 2 -- Greek Philosophers Tha
Page 25 and 26:
Chapter 2 -- Greek Philosophers Ana
Page 27 and 28:
Chapter 2 -- Greek Philosophers tha
Page 29 and 30:
Chapter 2 -- Greek Philosophers Ari
Page 31 and 32:
Chapter 3 -- Roman Encyclopedists C
Page 33 and 34:
Chapter 3 -- Roman Encyclopedists S
Page 35 and 36:
Chapter 3 -- Roman Encyclopedists B
Page 37 and 38:
Chapter 3 -- Roman Encyclopedists I
Page 39 and 40:
Chapter 3 -- Roman Encyclopedists I
Page 41 and 42:
Chapter 3 -- Roman Encyclopedists R
Page 43 and 44:
Chapter 3 -- Roman Encyclopedists A
Page 45 and 46:
Chapter 4 -- The Cross Topographia
Page 47 and 48:
Chapter 4 -- The Cross After the He
Page 49 and 50:
Chapter 4 -- The Cross small portio
Page 51 and 52:
Chapter 4 -- The Cross As Etymologi
Page 53 and 54:
Chapter 5 -- The Crescent CHAPTER 5
Page 55 and 56:
822 . Ninth and tenth centuries 981
Page 57 and 58:
Chapter 5 -- The Crescent The Extra
Page 59 and 60:
Chapter 6 -- And Back to the Cross
Page 61 and 62:
Page 63 and 64:
Page 65 and 66:
Page 67 and 68:
Chapter 7 -- The Concept of Circula
Page 69 and 70:
Page 71 and 72:
Page 73 and 74:
Page 75 and 76:
Page 77 and 78:
Page 79 and 80:
Chapter 8 -- Transmuational and Bio
Page 81 and 82: Chapter 8 -- Transmuational and Bio
Page 83 and 84: Terrestrial Arteries Chapter 8 -- T
Page 89 and 90: Chapter 9 -- Thermodynamic Engines
Page 97 and 98: Johann Joachim Becher's theory, put
Page 99 and 100: Chapter 10 -- Geophysical, Pnuemati
Page 101 and 102: Weight of the Sea Chapter 10 -- Geo
Page 105 and 106: Siphoning Chapter 10 -- Geophysical
Page 117 and 118: Method 2. Water Pump Chapter 10 --
Page 121 and 122: Chapter 11 -- Straining the Salt De
Page 123 and 124: Chapter 11 -- Straining the Salt Pl
Page 125 and 126: Chapter 11 -- Straining the Salt Ch
Page 127 and 128: Chapter 12 -- Superterranean Metric
Page 129 and 130: Theory: Chapter 12 -- Superterranea
Page 131: Chapter 12 -- Superterranean Metric
Page 139 and 140: Chapter 13 -- Hydrotheology/Theohyd
Page 147 and 148: Chapter 14 -- Hollow Earth Geophysi
Page 157 and 158: Case 3: Gravitation plus 17.1 rotat
Page 163 and 164: Singularities Chapter 15 -- The Mae
Page 165 and 166: The Tales Chapter 15 -- The Maelstr
Page 167 and 168: As in the sea between Scylla and Ch
Page 169 and 170: Unattributed, 1678 Chapter 15 -- Th
Page 171 and 172: In the sketch to the right, the Mos
Page 173 and 174: Chapter 15 -- The Maelstrom The etc
Page 175 and 176: Chapter 15 -- The Maelstrom In Chap
Page 177 and 178: He intended to say, Chapter 16 -- U
Page 179 and 180: Chapter 16 -- Underground Rivers in
Page 181 and 182: Chapter 16 -- Underground Rivers in
Page 183 and 184:
Chapter 16 -- Underground Rivers in
Page 185 and 186:
Page 187 and 188:
Willa Cather (1873-1947) Chapter 16
Page 189 and 190:
Page 191 and 192:
Page 193 and 194:
Page 195 and 196:
Page 197 and 198:
Page 199 and 200:
Page 201 and 202:
Page 203 and 204:
Page 205 and 206:
Chapter 18 -- Picture Books CHAPTER
Page 207 and 208:
Chapter 18 -- Picture Books Splash
Page 209 and 210:
Chapter 18 -- Picture Books On that
Page 211 and 212:
No Tooth, No Quarter by (1989) by J
Page 213 and 214:
Chapter 18 -- Picture Books We've b
Page 215 and 216:
Chapter 19 -- The Stratemeyer Boys
Page 217 and 218:
Page 219 and 220:
Page 221 and 222:
Page 223 and 224:
Page 225 and 226:
Chapter 20 -- More Boys Club Serial
Page 227 and 228:
Tanar of Pellucidar (1929) Chapter
Page 229 and 230:
Page 231 and 232:
Page 233 and 234:
Page 235 and 236:
H. Rider Haggard Haggard's sequel t
Page 237 and 238:
Jewels of Gwahlur (1935), a Conan t
Page 239 and 240:
Page 241 and 242:
Chapter 21 -- Boys Club Singles The
Page 243 and 244:
Chapter 21 -- Boys Club Singles ben
Page 245 and 246:
Chapter 21 -- Boys Club Singles Swa
Page 247 and 248:
Chapter 21 -- Boys Club Singles Jos
Page 249 and 250:
Chapter 21 -- Boys Club Singles She
Page 251 and 252:
Chapter 21 -- Boys Club Singles "If
Page 253 and 254:
Chapter 21 -- Boys Club Singles "We
Page 255 and 256:
Chapter 21 -- Boys Club Singles Tom
Page 257 and 258:
Chapter 21 -- Boys Club Singles wou
Page 259 and 260:
Chapter 21 -- Boys Club Singles The
Page 261 and 262:
Chapter 21 -- Boys Club Singles In
Page 263 and 264:
Chapter 21 -- Boys Club Singles Fre
Page 265 and 266:
Chapter 21 -- Boys Club Singles Wha
Page 267 and 268:
April 1920 March 1923 May 1927 Chap
Page 269 and 270:
August 1948 February 1950 September
Page 271 and 272:
March 1960 July 1961 October 1975 C
Page 273 and 274:
Chapter 22 -- Boys' Life Boy Scouts
Page 275 and 276:
Chapter 23 -- Girls, Too! CHAPTER 2
Page 277 and 278:
Chapter 23 -- Girls, Too! She calle
Page 279 and 280:
Chapter 23 -- Girls, Too! Change th
Page 281 and 282:
Chapter 23 -- Girls, Too! river, Ja
Page 283 and 284:
Chapter 23 -- Girls, Too! In Five G
Page 285 and 286:
Fans weren't at a loss for discussi
Page 287 and 288:
Chapter 23 -- Girls, Too! Polly of
Page 289 and 290:
Chapter 23 -- Girls, Too! who has l
Page 291 and 292:
Chapter 23 -- Girls, Too! Mary Q. S
Page 293 and 294:
Chapter 23 -- Girls, Too! Here's a
Page 295 and 296:
Final Thoughts Chapter 23 -- Girls,
Page 297 and 298:
"The Underground River" Western Her
Page 299 and 300:
Boys Clubs, too, help defeat Commun
Page 301 and 302:
A page from the Flash Gordon # 10 r
Page 303 and 304:
Super Heroes We'll begin with nine
Page 305 and 306:
Page 307 and 308:
Batman #48, August-September 1948 B
Page 309 and 310:
Page 311 and 312:
Superman #154, March 2000 Chapter 2
Page 313 and 314:
Page 315 and 316:
Chapter 25 -- Radio Days and Saturd
Page 317 and 318:
Page 319 and 320:
Page 321 and 322:
A couple of B-grade Durango Kid Wes
Page 323 and 324:
Page 325 and 326:
Page 327 and 328:
As humankind nears extinction, a sc
Page 329 and 330:
Page 331 and 332:
Chapter 26 -- Subterranean Water Bo
Page 333 and 334:
Page 335 and 336:
Fictional underground river rides t
Page 337 and 338:
Page 339 and 340:
If we don't want to pour water to C
Page 341 and 342:
Page 343 and 344:
Page 345 and 346:
William Miller envisioned a contrap
Page 347 and 348:
Contrapositioned topography does no
Page 349 and 350:
Chapter 27 -- Virtualizing the Imag
Page 351 and 352:
Page 353 and 354:
Page 355 and 356:
Page 357 and 358:
Page 359 and 360:
Page 361 and 362:
Page 363 and 364:
Page 365 and 366:
Page 367 and 368:
Chapter 28 -- Et In Arcadia Ego CHA
Page 369 and 370:
Chapter 28 -- Et In Arcadia Ego Str
Page 371 and 372:
Chapter 28 -- Et In Arcadia Ego Ovi
Page 373 and 374:
Chapter 28 -- Et In Arcadia Ego muc
Page 375 and 376:
I see bright honor sparkle through
Page 377 and 378:
Chapter 28 -- Et In Arcadia Ego Pou
Page 379 and 380:
Arcadian Landscape, undated, but no
Page 381 and 382:
Chapter 28 -- Et In Arcadia Ego Bas
Page 383 and 384:
Art Chapter 29 -- The Underground R
Page 385 and 386:
Destiny Chapter 29 -- The Undergrou
Page 387 and 388:
Chapter 29 -- The Underground River
Page 389 and 390:
Page 391 and 392:
Page 393 and 394:
Page 395 and 396:
Page 397 and 398:
Page 399 and 400:
Herbert Shore Elizabeth Ward Loughr
Page 401 and 402:
Declan Kiberd Carlo Levi, R. and D.
Page 403 and 404:
Alexander Saxton Andrew Rolle James
Page 405 and 406:
John R. Reed Geoffrey Sanborn Alexa
Page 407 and 408:
Jean Tardieu, The River Underground
Page 409 and 410:
Chapter 30 -- Down to a Sunless Sea
Page 411 and 412:
Page 413 and 414:
Page 415 and 416:
Page 417 and 418:
Page 419 and 420:
Page 421 and 422:
Page 423 and 424:
A few recent Sunless Sea book cover
Page 425 and 426:
"Down-to Sunless Sea," Linda J Ging
Page 427 and 428:
Chapter 31 -- Poems for Subterranea
Page 429 and 430:
Walt Whitman's Leaves of Grass (185
Page 431 and 432:
Page 433 and 434:
Page 435 and 436:
Chapter 32 -- To Cross the Styx CHA
Page 437 and 438:
Chapter 32 -- To Cross the Styx We
Page 439 and 440:
Chapter 32 -- To Cross the Styx We'
Page 441 and 442:
Chapter 32 -- To Cross the Styx "A
Page 443 and 444:
We'll begin our book collection wit
Page 445 and 446:
Lawrence Durrell, Down the Styx (19
Page 447:
Jonathan King, The Styx (2010) Poet
show all

Underground Rivers - University of New Mexico

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?